《重慶市烏江新高考協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題 Word版無(wú)答案.docx》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。

2022-2023學(xué)年高二(下)期末學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量聯(lián)合調(diào)研抽測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題(分?jǐn)?shù)：120分，時(shí)間：100分鐘)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2018NobelPrizeforphysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGérardMourou.It’sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists—pastandpresent—whoactuallydeservetheprize.JocelynBellBurnellPerhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):then-studentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda￡2.3millionBreakthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunder-representedstudents,shejokedtotheGuardian,“IfeelI’vedoneverywelloutofnotgettingaNobelPrize.”LeneHauHauisbestknownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvardUniversityin1999thatmanagedtoslowabeamoflight,beforemanagingtostopitcompletelyin2001.OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,could2022beHau’syear?VeraRubinRubindiscovereddarkmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2016,withoutrecognitionfromthecommittee.Chien-ShiungWuWu’s“Wuexperiment”helpeddisprovethe“l(fā)awofconservationofparity”.Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957NobelPrizefortheirtheoreticalworkbehindthestudy.LiseMeitnerMeitnerledgroundbreaking(開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的)workonthediscoveryofnuclearfission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeforchemistry,whichwaswonbyhermaleco-lead,OttoHahn. 1.WhenwasthediscoveryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944.B.In1967.C.In1974.D.In1980.2.WhichwomanismostlikelytowinaNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.LeneHau.B.VeraRubin.CDonnaStrickland.D.JocelynBellBurnell.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemalescientistsdidgreatlyinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner’steacherwonaNoblePrizeforherwork.D.Alltheirfindingshaven’tbeenrecognisedbytheNobel.BIfhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal(夜間活動(dòng)的)speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun’slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,eventhoughmostofusdon’tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit’stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe’vedonetothenight:We’veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences--calledlightpollution--whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign,whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Ill-designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels--andlightrhythms--towhichmanyformsoflife,includingourselves,haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectoflifeisaffected.Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,leavingbehindavacanthaze(霾)thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We’vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnight--darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowsonEarth--iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemoryalmost.We’velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry,whennothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Amongmammalsalone,thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet(磁鐵).Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsand seabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migratingatnight,birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliontimesbrighterthannormal,throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjoint,includingtheirnighttimebreedingchoruses.Humansarenolesstrappedbylightpollutionthanthefrogs.Likemostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare,toourinternalclockwork,aslightitself.Livinginaglareofourownmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage-thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay--theedgeofourgalaxy--archingoverhead.4.Accordingtothepassage,humanbeings________.A.prefertoliveinthedarknessB.areusedtolivinginthedaylightC.werecuriousaboutthemidnightworldD.hadtostayathomewiththelightofthemoon5.Thewritermentionsbirdsandfrogsto________.A.provideexamplesofanimalprotectionB.showhowlightpollutionaffectsanimalsC.comparethelivinghabitsofbothspeciesD.explainwhythenumberofcertainspecieshasdeclined6.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat________.A.lightpollutiondoesharmtotheeyesightofanimalsB.lightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldheritagesC.humanbeingscannotgototheouterspaceD.humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMagicLightB.TheOrangeHazeC.TheDisappearingNightD.TheRhythmsofNatureCInthisdigitalage,peoplemeasuretheirpopularitybythenumberof“l(fā)ikes”andfollowerstheygetonsocialmedia.Butasitturnsout,peoplearehappierwhentheirfriendsareofhighqualityratherthanhugequantity. ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeedsintheUKstudieddatafromtwoonlinesurveysofnearly1,500people.Thosewhotookthesurveygavedetailsabouttheirage,socialinteractions,andhowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeirsociallives.Theresearchersfoundthatthosewhohadasmallnumberofclosefriendsgenerallytendedtobehappierthanthosewhohadalargenumberofsuperficial(關(guān)系淺表的)friends.“Lonelinesshaslesstodowiththenumberoffriendsyouhave,andmoretodowithhowyoufeelaboutyourfriends,”saidBruinedeBruin,oneoftheresearchers.Hefoundthatolderpeopletendedtohavesmallersocialcirclesthanyoungpeople,butthepeopleinthesecirclestendedtobeclosertothem.Healsofoundthatyoungerpeopletendedtohavelargersocialcirclesthatweremadeupof“peripheral(次要的)others”—peoplewhoarenottheirtruefriends,butjusttheonestheyknow.Thesepeoplehadnoinfluenceontheirhappiness.Theresultsofthestudyshowthattheopinionsocietyhasaboutoldpeoplebeingsadandlonelymightnotbeaccurate.“Theresearchshowsthatolderadults’smallernetworksdon’tdecreasetheirsocialsatisfactionandhappiness.Infact,olderadultstendtoreportabettersenseofwell-beingthanyoungeradults,”saidBruinedeBruin.8.Accordingtothestudy,peopletendtobehappierwhenthey______.A.havefriendsofhugequantityB.haveasmallcircleofclosefriendsChavealotoffollowersonsocialmediaD.makefriendswitholderpeople9.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph4?A.Olderpeople’sfriendsseemtobeofhigherquality.B.Youngerpeopledon’tneedtomakeperipheralfriends.C.Olderpeople’shappinesshasnothingtodowiththeirfriends.D.Botholderandyoungerpeoplefindithardtomakeclosefriends.10.WhichwordmightBruinedeBruinusetodescribeolderadults?A.Sad.B.Happy.C.Lonely.D.Concerned11.Whatisthefocusofthisarticle?A.Differenttypesoffriendsinone’slife.B.Changesinpeople’shappinesslevels.CInteractionsbetweenolderandyoungerpeople.D.Therelationshipbetweenhappinessandthequalityandquantityoffriends. DFromcomposer,musician,andphilanthropist(慈善家)PeterBuffettcomes,awarm,wise,andinspirational,bookthatasks,“Whichwinyouchoose:thepathofleastresistanceorthepathofpotentiallygreatestsailsfaction?”Youmaythinkthatwithalastnamelikehis,Buffetthasenjoyedalifeofendlessprivilege.ButthesonofbillionaireinvestorWarrenBuffettsaysthattheonlyrealinheritancehandeddownfromhisparentsisaphilosophy:Buildyourownpathinlife.Itisaprinciplethathasallowedhimtofollowhisownpassions,establishhisownidentity,andreaphisownsuccesses.InLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt.Buffettexpoundson(闡釋)thestrongsetofvaluesgiventohimbyhistrustingandbroadmindedmother,hishardworkingandtalentedfather,andthemanylifeteachershehasmetalongtheway.Today’ssociety,Buffettassumes,hasbeguntoreplaceaworkethic,enjoyingwhatyoudo,withawealthethic,honoringthepayoffinsteadoftheprocess.Weconfuseprivilegewithmaterialwealth,characterwithexternalvalidation(認(rèn)可).Yet,byfocusingmoreonsubstanceandlessonreward,wecanopendoorsofopportunityandstrivetowardagreatersenseoffulfillment.Inclearandbriefterms,Buffettrevealsagreattruth:Lifeisrandom,neitherfairnorunfair.Fromthereitbecomeseasytorecognizetheequaldignityandvalueofeveryhumanlifeourcircumstancesmayvarybutouressencedoesnot.Weseethatourjourneyinliferarelyfollowsastraightlinebutisoftenmetwithfalsestarts,crises,andmistakes.HowwepushthroughandpersevereinthesechallengingmomentsiswherewebegintocreatethelifeOfourdreams—fromdiscoveringourvocationstogivingbacktoothers.Personalandinstructive,LifeIsWhatYouMakeItisaboutchallengingyourcircumstances,takingcontrolofyourdestiny,andlivingyourlifetothefullest.12.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribeafamousperson.B.Tointroduceabook.C.Totalkaboutwhatlifeisabout.D.Todiscusshowtoliveameaningfullife.13.WhatcanweinferaboutPeterBuffett?A.Hisfatherisveryrich.B.Oneofhishobbiesismusic.C.Heachievedsuccessbyhimself. D.HewrotethebookLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt.14.Whatistoday’ssocietylikeaccordingtoPeterBuffett?A.Peoplearefollowingtheirinterests.B.Peopleareseekingspiritualenjoyment.CPeoplepaymoreattentiontotheprocess.D.Peoplefocusmoreontheresults.15.Whichproverbcanbestexpressthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A.Livingwithoutan,aimislikesailingwithoutacompass.B.Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Lifeisn’taboutgettingandhaving,it’saboutgivingandbeing.第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheUpsidetoBeingOutsideResearchshowsthatbeinginnaturemakespeoplefeelgood,whetherthey’reroughingitinthewildernessfordaysorjusthangingoutatalocalparkforawhile.OnestudywasconductedinthecityofBirmingham,Alabama.Researchersfoundthatmostparticipants’moodandwell-beingimprovedsignificantlywhentheyspenttimeinurbanparks,eventhoughtheaveragevisitwasonlyaroundhalfanhour.____16____Forexample,scientistsintheUnitedKingdomstudiedtheimpactofthe“30DaysWild”campaign.Itchallengedpeopletointeractwithnaturefor30daysbyenjoyingearthyactivitieslikefeedingbirdsandplantingflowers.Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge…andformonthsafterwards,too.____17____Howdoesnatureboostpeople’shappiness?Scientistssaythatspendingtimeinnaturalsettingsreducesstressandanxiety,whichbenefitsmentalandphysicalhealth.Researchshowsourbrainsaremorerelaxedinnaturalsettings.Tomostpeople,it’snotnewsthatnaturecanbecalming.Butmultiplestudieshavefoundthatspendingtimeinnaturealsohassomemoresurprisingbenefits,likeimprovingcreativityandproblem-solving._____18_____Anotherfoundthatexposuretonaturehelpedpeoplescorebetterontests.That’smoreproofthatgoingoutsideisasmartmove!Whataccountsfortheconnectionwithcognitionandcreativity?Itcouldbethatagooddoseofnatureactsas acuretoinformationoverload.Everydaylifeinvolvesalotofmultitasking.Somescientiststheorizethatspendingtimeinnatureenablesourbrainstorestandrecoverfrommentaltiredness.____19____Naturally,scientificstudiesdon’tcovereverythingthat’sgreataboutthegreatoutdoors._____20_____Fromrecreationandexercisetohappinessandcreativity,therearelotsofupsidestogettingoutside.A.Onestudyrevealedthatpeoplewerebetteratfiguringoutpuzzlesafterafour-daycampingtrip.B.Accordingtomanyscientificstudies,there’sagoodchanceit’llmakeyouhappier,healthier,andmorecreative.C.What’smore,theliftpeoplegetfromnatureislonglasting.D.Lotsofpeopleenjoyfunactivitiesoutside,likeswimming,ridingbikes,orclimbingtrees.E.Whentheonlylightyou’veseenalldayistheglowofascreen,itmightbeagoodideatoswitchitoff.F.Thismeansthatwhetheryou’restudyingorplayingvideogames,headingoutsidetogiveyourbrainabreakmighthelpyougettothenextlevel.G.So,kickingbackinaparkisabitliketreatingyourmindtoarestfulminivacation.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I’macollegeprofessorteachingpeoplehowtothinkmorecreatively.Interestingly,thislifetimepassionwas____21____byacasualcontestwhenIwasachild.Atafamilypicnicforemployeesofthecompanywheremyfatherworked,theyheldacontestforthechildren-whocouldthrowaclothhandkerchiefthefarthest.Thefirst____22____,thelittleones,tookmightywind-ups(揮臂動(dòng)作),butwhentheclothlefttheirhands,itopenedandflewtothegroundafew____23____infrontofthem.Thecrowdroaredwithlaughter,andbeing13,Ididn’tlikeadultslaughingatus.Itwas____24____thatusingthesametechniquewouldnotwork.SupposeI____25____arockinsidethehandkerchief?No,itwas“throwahandkerchief”,not“arockandahandkerchief”.Whentheyinspectedit,I’dbe____26____SupposeIhidarockintheclothwithouttyingit.Therockwoulddrivetheclothatleastfartherthantheothers,andwhenthey____27____,peoplemightnotnoticeasmallrocklandinginthegrass.Ihadagood____28____ofgettingawaywithit(僥幸逃脫).However,Ididn’twanttowinbycheatingbuttoshowtheadultsthata(n)____29____couldbeatothersattheirowngame.Ihadtomakethehandkerchiefflylikearock.I____30____begantyingknotafterknotuntilitwasthesizeofalargerock.Itookalongwind-upandthrewthe____31____handkerchiefwhichlanded60feetaway.Thelaughing____32____andeveryonewasdumbfounded.The____33____thenrantofetchitto examinehowI’dcheated.”It’sjustthehandkerchief,“he____34____,holdingitupanduntyingtheknots.TheadultsapplaudedkindlyandIfeltproud.Ihadn’tbrokentherules,butIhadbrokenthe____35____ideas,whichwasthesecrettocreativethinking.21.A.awakenB.createdC.enhancedD.spread22.A.studentsB.throwersC.runnersD.tutors23.A.kilometersB.metersC.inchesD.miles24.A.impossibleB.essentialC.unclearD.obvious25.A.tiedB.castC.hidD.drew26.A.includedB.unemployedC.disqualifiedD.involved27.A.separatedB.disappearedC.combinedD.sank28.A.timeB.reasonC.chanceD.excuse29.A.babyB.kidC.geniusD.adult30.A.casuallyB.immediatelyC.secretlyD.eventually31.A.arrowedB.balledC.lightD.soft32.A.diedB.roseC.declinedD.doubled33.A.loserB.judgeC.winnerD.audience34.A.respondedB.protestedC.admittedD.announced35.A.criticalB.modernC.innovativeD.conventional第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Archaeological(考古的)____36____(discover)ofChangshawares(陶器)haveoccurredrandomlyoverthedecades,andkeyfindingsofkiln(窯)ruins____37____(make)particularlysince2010.TherewerenotonlyTangDynastyChangshawares____38____(unearth),butalsosomeceladons(青瓷)fromaneven____39____(early)period.They’rekeywitnesses____40____theSilkRoadontheseaandSino-foreignexchangesofmaterialculture.ArchaeologicalfindingsshowthatChangshawareswereexportedtoabout30countries,____41____(range)fromEastandSoutheastAsianneighborstoNorthAfrica.CraftsmenandworkshopownersinChangshaparticipatedinawaveofglobalization____42____activelyexploredoverseasmarkets.____43____(consequent),shapesofChangshawareswerealsoinfluencedbyforeignelements.Seeingtheantiques,wecanalsounderstand____44____publicaesthetics(審美)oftheirtime.Theytell_____45_____wasviewedastraditionalChinesebeauty. 第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.為增強(qiáng)學(xué)生體質(zhì)，你校將在下周舉辦一次“LoveSports,LoveLife”的體育活動(dòng)。假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，請(qǐng)你用英文寫(xiě)一篇倡議信，呼吁同學(xué)們積極進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：1.活動(dòng)的目的；2.進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)益處；3.提出倡議，表達(dá)期待。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dearfriends,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withbestwishes.TheStudents’Union第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。“I’mgoingtomissyousomuch,Poppy,”saidthetall,thinteenager.Hebentdowntohughisoldfriendgoodbye.Hestoodup,huggedhisparents,andsmiled,tryingnottolethisemotions(情緒)getthebetterofhim.Hisparentswerenotquiteabletokeeptheirsundercontrol.Theyhaddriventheirsonseveralhoursoutoftowntotheuniversitywherehewouldsoonbelivingandstudying.Itwastimetosaygoodbyefornowatleast.Thefamilyhuggedandsmiledthroughmistyeyesandthenlaughed.Theboyliftedthelastbagontohisshoulder,andflashedabrightsmile.“Iguessthisisit,”hesaid.“I’llseeyoubackhomeinamonth,okay?”Hisparentsnodded,andtheywatchedashewalkedoutofsightintothecrowdsofhundredsofstudentsandparents.Theboy’smotherturnedtothedog,“Okay,Poppy,timetogobackhome.”Thehouseseemedquietasatombwithouttheboylivingthere.Allthatweek,Poppydidn’tseeminterestedinherdinner,herfavoritetoy,oreveninherdailywalk.Herownersweresadtoo,buttheyknewtheirsonwould bebacktovisit.Poppydidn’t.Theyofferedthedogsomeofherfavoritepeanutbuttertreats.Theyevenlethersitonthesofa,buttheoldgirljustwasn’therusualcheerfulself.Herownersstartedtogetworried.“WhatshouldwedotocheerPoppyup?”askedDad.“We’vetriedeverything.”“Ihaveanidea,butitmightbealittlecrazy,”smiledMom.“Withoutanybodyleftinthehousebutus,thisplacecoulduseabitoffun.Let’sgetalittledogforPoppy.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforetheywalkedthroughthefrontdoorcarryingabigbox.Poppywelcomedthemhomeasusualbutwhenshesawthebox,shestopped.Sheputhernoseonit.Hertailbeganwagging(擺動(dòng))eversoslowly,thenfasterasshecaughtthesmell.注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)的短文詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好。Paragraph1Dadopenedtheboxandasweetlittledogappeared.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Afewweekslater,theboyarrivedhomefromuniversity.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________