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安徽省2023—2024學(xué)年（上）高二冬季階段性檢測英語試卷考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatwillSonyado?A.Dosomeresearch.B.Lookupthedates.C.Decideonexplorers.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sodidyoudecideanythingaboutthegroupproject?Howshouldyouworkonit?M:Well.Sonya’sgoingtostartontheresearchtonight.Icanlookupthedifferentexplorersandthedates.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Arrangeameeting.B.Makeanapology.C.Cancelameeting.【答案】A【解析】 【原文】W:ProfessorChiu,IwaswonderingifIcouldcomeandseeyou.Iwanttotalktoyouaboutmypaper.M:Well,myopenofficehoursaretomorrow,fromtentotwelve.Canyoucomethen?W:Ihaveaclassuntileleven.CouldIcomeataround11:15?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheman?A.Abanker.B.Ateacher.C.Ashopkeeper.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thatwillbe298.W:Here’s500.M:Thankyou,ma’am.Yourchangecomesto202.Andhaveagoodday.Pleasecomebacktoourshopagainsoon.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inafurniturestore.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatrainstation.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Lookatthisplace.Doyouthinkwe’llevergetatable?M:Wemighthavetowaitabit.Let’slookatthemenuwhilewewait.Theyusuallyhavegooddailyspecials.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sdaughter.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Somethingtodrink.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:We’rehavingasurprisepartytomorrowformydaughterElaine.She’sturningthirty.W:Ihavenoidea.ShouldIbringanything?M:Ifyoudon’tmind,wouldyoubringsomethingtodrink?W:Ofcoursenot.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Houseownerandrenter.B.Gymworkerandcustomer.C.Hotelworkerandguest.7Whatwillthewomando?A.Cleantheroom.B.Packhersuitcase.C.Havesomethingtoeat.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Roomtwotwentyissmallerthanourotherrooms,butthepriceisjustonehundredandsixty-fivedollarsforthenight.W:Doesthatincludeuseofthepoolandtheexerciseroom?M:Ofcourse.Itincludestheuseofallfacilitiesexceptthetenniscourts,whichareclosedforthewinter.W:Okay.I’lltakeit.I’lljustcarrymysuitcaseupandhaveaquicklookattheroom,andthenI’mgoingoutforabitetoeat.I’mstarving.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdidthespeakersdojustnow?A.Theymetawriter.B.Theysawadoctor.C.Theyclimbedamountain.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestories?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Difficult.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:ItwasgreattoactuallymeetthepersonthatwrotethebooksI’veenjoyedsomuch.Andheaskedusalotaboutouropinionsofhiswork.W:Ifoundthatashetalked,itmadeallthereferencesinhisstoriesmuchclearer.He’scertainlyhadvariedexperiences—becomingadoctor,goingclimbingintheAndes…M:You’reright.Forme,that’stheattractionofthestories—they’vegotsuchawiderangeofsettings.Younevergetbored.W:Idon’tknow.TherehavebeenacoupleIcouldn’tgetinto.M:Well,theyallmakesomesensetomeafterwhathesaid.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】 10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Workoutaplan.B.Lookforanapartment.C.Askthemanforhelp.11.Whatwillthemando?A.Moveontohisnewjob.B.Givenewemployeestraining.C.Workonanimportantproject.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Waitforhimfortwoweeks.B.Putoffthedeadline.C.TurntoMr.Cortez.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouheardabouttheapartmentinCurryGrovethatI’vebeenassignedtodesign?Itturnsoutthatitwilltakealotmoretimethanoriginallyplanned.Wouldyoubeabletohelpmeout?M:Unfortunately,I’mnotgoingtobeableto.I’msupposedtotrainournewworkersoverthenexttwoweeks,soIamnotgoingtohavetimetodoanythingelse.Youcan’tdoitallonyourown?W:Iprobablycan,butitisaveryimportantproject.I’mhopingtogetitdonebythedeadlineforsure.M:Then,youshouldtellMr.Cortezandseeifyoucangethelpfromhim.He’saverygenerousco-worker,soIthinkhewouldbehappytohelpyouabitifyoucan’tdoitonyourown.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatdothespeakersagreewithaboutaGPS?A.Itisnotentirelyreliable.B.Itisveryconvenient.C.Itisquiteuseless.14.Whyaresomepeoplebetteratfindingtheirway?A.Theyaremorefocused.B.Theywerebornwiththeskill.C.Theygototheplacemorefrequently.15.Whathelpedthemanfindhisfriend’splace?A.Astreet.B.Abuilding.C.Atree.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takealookaround.B.Shareherexperience.C.Visitherfriend.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.B 【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.WelcometoScienceWorld.Todaywe’retalkingaboutdirection.Somepeoplenevergetlost,whileothersneedaGPSjusttofindtheirwaytothestore!And,ofcourse,aGPSisnotalwaysaccurate.M:Definitely.EveryonehasastoryaboutfollowingaGPSrouteandendingupinthemiddleofafield!But,whyaresomepeoplesomuchbetteratfindingtheirwaythanothers?Aretheybornwiththatskill?W:Notnecessarily.Scientistssaypeoplewhohaveagoodsenseofdirectionprobablypaymoreattentiontowhat’saroundthem.Theynoticemoredetails.Alotofpeopledon’tpayattentionatall.Ifyou’rethinkingaboutsomethingelsewhileyou’rewalking,ofcourseyou’remorelikelytogetlost.M:Hmm.Iguesswedousethingsweseetohelpusfindplaces.Iremembertherewasatreeatthecornerofastreetwheremyfriendlived.Oneday,thetreewasgone,andIcouldn’tfindthestreet.Iwascompletelylost!Iwasusingthetreeasavisualclue,eventhoughIdidn’tknowit.W:Yes.I’veexperiencedsomethingsimilartothat.Well,oneday…聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.Ahotelclerk.C.Abusdriver.18.Wherearethespeakerandthelisteners?A.Inahotel.B.Onabus.C.Onabridge.19.WhatdoweknowaboutIbiza?A.Itisacoastalcity.B.Thedeathratethereishigh.C.Itisfamousforitsrestaurants.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodointheend?A.Drinksomewater.B.Takecareoftheirbelongings.C.ContactManuelinadvance.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Helloeveryone.MynameisAlan.OnbehalfofMediTravelI’dliketowelcomeyoualltoIbiza,wherefunisascertainasdeathandtaxes.IamprettysureyouaregoingtoenjoyyourstayhereinIbiza.Thisisabeautiful,excitingcitywhereyoucanrelaxandsitbythebeachorenjoysomeofthebestclubsinEurope.Youcan walkintotownandenjoythelocalshopsandrestaurantsortakeamoonlitwalkalongthewaterifyouprefersomepeaceandquiet.We’regoingtobepullinguptotheMarinaHotelinjustafewminutes.Pleasesitbackandenjoytheviewoftheoceanontherighthandsideofthebusasweooverthebridge.Ikindlyaskthatyouremaininyourseatsanddonoteatordrinkonthebus.Manuelwillbemeetingusattheentrancetogiveyouawarmwelcomeandhelpyouwithyourbags.Pleasemakesureyourbaghasbeentakenoffthebus.IwishyouallawonderfulvacationinIbirzaandIhopetoseeyouaroundthegreatplace.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ANobodysayshighschoolandcollegeareeasy.Studyingisdifficult,asismemorizinginformationforatest.Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelptomakedealingwithschooleasier.UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsleyDoyouhavetroublerememberingeverythingyouarestudying?Feellikeyouhavetoomuchonyourplate?UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsleymaybeforyou.Itisabestselleronmemoryimprovement.Thisbookhasstrategiestohelpyoulearnfasterwhilealsoteachingyoutobecomemoreproductive.Ofcourse,havingagoodmemorycomesinhandyoutsideoftheclassroomaswell.Really,thisisagreatbookforlifeingeneral.OnCoursebySkipDowningItisanotherbookyouwillwanttocheckout.Initseighthedition,thebookprovidesyouwithself-assessmenttoolstohelpyouidentifywhatyouneedtochangeforacademicsuccess.Itcontainsguidedjournalentriestohelpyouwithlearning,responsibility,self-management,self-awarenessandself-esteem.StudentsGuidetoWritingCollegePapersbyKateL.TurabianManystudentsreachcollegeandfindthatessaywritingincollegeisverydifferentfromthatinhighschool.Whetherthisisthecaseforyouoryoujustwanttoimproveyourwritingskills,you’llwanttocheckoutStudentsGuidetoWritingCollegePapers.It’savailableonKindleorinhardbackorpaperbackforms.Rightnow,thisoneisinitsfourthedition.Thebookcoverswritingyouractualpaper,citingsourcesandstyle.EvenEnglishmajorscanfindalotofhelpfultipsinthisbook.HowtoBecomeaStraight-AStudentbyCarlNewportThebookwillteachyoudifferentapproachesandstrategiestohelpyouscorebetter,butspendlesstimeonstudying,withafocusonstudyingsmarter,notharder.ItisavailableonKindleandinaudiobook(有聲讀物)and paperbackforms.21.What’sspecialaboutOnCourse?A.ItisofgreathelpeventoEnglishmajors.B.Itisthemostpopularoneandsellsthebest.C.Itmainlyfocusesonmemoryimprovement.D.Ithelpsyoudevelopotherqualitiesbesidesacademicabilities.22.WhatdoUnlimitedMemoryandHowtoBecomeaStraight-AStudenthaveincommon?A.Theyhavevariousforms.B.Theyarebest-sellers.C.Theyfocusoneffectivelearning.D.Theyhavebeenpublishedmanytimes.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducesomebookstostudents.B.Toencouragestudentstostudyharder.C.Tomakestudentsinterestedinlearning.D.Tooffersuggestionsonwritingskills.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了四本有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的書籍?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnCoursebySkipDowning部分中“Initseighthedition,thebookprovidesyouwithself-assessmenttoolstohelpyouidentifywhatyouneedtochangeforacademicsuccess.Itcontainsguidedjournalentriestohelpyouwithlearning,responsibility,self-management,self-awarenessandself-esteem.(在第八版中，這本書為你提供了自我評估工具，幫助你確定你需要改變什么才能取得學(xué)業(yè)上的成功。它包含指導(dǎo)日志條目，幫助你學(xué)習(xí)，責(zé)任，自我管理，自我意識和自尊)”可知，OnCourse這本書的特殊之處在于它可以幫助你發(fā)展除了學(xué)術(shù)能力之外的其他素質(zhì)，故選D。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsley部分中“Thisbookhasstrategiestohelpyoulearnfasterwhilealsoteachingyoutobecomemoreproductive.(這本書有一些策略可以幫助你更快地學(xué)習(xí)，同時也教你變得更有效率)”和HowtoBecomeaStraight-AStudentbyCarlNewport部分中“Thebookwillteachyoudifferentapproachesandstrategiestohelpyouscorebetter,butspendlesstimeonstudying,withafocusonstudyingsmarter,notharder.(這本書將教你不同的方法和策略來幫助你取得更好的成績，但花更少的時間在學(xué)習(xí)上，重點是學(xué)習(xí)更聰明，而不是更難)”可知，這兩本書的共同點是它們都關(guān)注有效率地學(xué)習(xí)，故選C?！?3題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelptomakedealingwithschooleasier.(幸運(yùn)的是，有一些書可以幫助你更容易地應(yīng)對學(xué)校)”可知，文章的目的是介紹一些有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的書籍。故選A。BThreeweeksafteritsfirstappearance,theboxofficeofthemythologicalepicCreationoftheGods:KingdomofStormsshowedarebound(反彈)trendthankstoitsgoodreviewsandwordofmouthonsocialmedia.Thisnewadaptationofawell-knownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.ThestorywasinspiredbytheMingDynasty(1368—1644)novelInvestitureoftheGods,whichdescribesthehistoryoftheShang(1600BC—1046BC)andZhou1046BC—771BC)dynastiesmixedwithfolklore,legendsandmythicalcreatures.Inthefirstepisode,JiFafacestherealitythatYinShou,abattlefieldwarriorheadmired,hasbecomeagreedyandcruelkingafterthekillingoftheformerkingandhisbrother.JiFa’ssearchforhisownpathafterwitnessingthecollapse(倒塌)ofhisidolandstrugglesduringthepoliticaldisorderinthelateShanghavecauseddeepthoughtamongmanyyoungmoviegoerswhoareontheirowncrucialpointsinlife,perhapsneedingtochooseacollegemajor,acareer,orinwhichcitytosettledown..Somefollowedtheir“tigerparents”,whileothersweremorerebellious(叛逆的).Still,theirconfusionofbeing“l(fā)ostamongchoices”andtheinsecuritycausedbyanuncertainfuturehavebeensomewhatrelievedbythewordsofJiFa’sfather—whoyourfatherisdoesnotmatter;whatmattersiswhoyouare.Suchuncertaintyseemstobeasharedsentimentforyoungpeopleintheir20s,butfocusingonwhatisathandcaneasethatanxietytoacertainextent.Onecanalwaysbenefitfromresolutepersistence,asdemonstratedbythecasting,filmingandlongwaitbeforethefirstepisodecouldfinallyreachcinemas.24.Whyisthenewadaptationdifferentfromthepreviousones?A.ItfeaturesTaoistgods.B.Itbecameahitrightafteritwasshown.C.Itispopularmostlybecauseofsocialmedia.D.Itfocusesonayoungman’sstruggleforhisownidentity.25.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph3?A.Thebackgroundinwhichthemovieisset.B.TheinfluenceJiFa’sgrowthhasonyoungpeople.C.Thetimeduringwhichthemoviewasmade. D.Theexamplesparentsshouldsettotheirchildren.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sentiment”inparagraph5mean?A.Feeling.B.Action.C.Hobby.D.Development.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Sciencefiction.C.Amoviereview.D.Ascarystory.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了電影《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》，并對其進(jìn)行評價?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisnewadaptationofawell-knownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.(這部改編自中國一個著名故事的新作品與以往不同，因為它關(guān)注的不是強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是姬發(fā)，一個貴族的兒子，他努力尋找自己的真實身份，后來成長為國王)”可知，新的改編與以往的不同，是因為它沒有聚焦于強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是聚焦于一個年輕人為自己的身份而進(jìn)行的斗爭。故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“JiFa’ssearchforhisownpathafterwitnessingthecollapseofhisidolandstrugglesduringthepoliticaldisorderinthelateShanghavecauseddeepthoughtamongmanyyoungmoviegoerswhoareontheirowncrucialpointsinlife,perhapsneedingtochooseacollegemajor,acareer,orinwhichcitytosettledown…Somefollowedtheir“tigerparents”,whileothersweremorerebellious.(姬發(fā)在目睹偶像崩塌后尋找自己的道路，以及在商末政局混亂中的掙扎，引起了許多年輕影迷的深刻思考，他們正處于人生的關(guān)鍵時刻，也許需要選擇大學(xué)專業(yè)、職業(yè)，或者在哪個城市定居……一些人追隨他們的“虎父母”，而另一些人則更叛逆)”可知，電影中姬發(fā)的成長引起年輕人的深刻思考，作者在本段想要展示的是姬發(fā)的成長對于年輕人的影響。故選B?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Still,theirconfusionofbeing“l(fā)ostamongchoices”andtheinsecuritycausedbyanuncertainfuturehavebeensomewhatrelievedbythewordsofJiFa’sfather—whoyourfatherisdoesnotmatter;whatmattersiswhoyouare.(盡管如此，他們“在選擇中迷失”的困惑和不確定的未來所帶來的不安全感，還是因為姬發(fā)父親的話而有所緩解——你的父親是誰并不重要；重要的是你是誰)”以及第五段“Suchuncertaintyseemstobeasharedsentimentforyoungpeopleintheir20s,butfocusingonwhatisathandcanease thatanxietytoacertainextent.(這種不確定性似乎是20多歲年輕人的共同sentiment，但專注于手頭的事情可以在一定程度上緩解這種焦慮)”可知，不確定性是年輕人們共同的一種情緒，專注于手頭的事情可以緩解這種焦慮的情緒，推測劃線單詞表示“情緒”，與feeling意義相近。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Threeweeksafteritsfirstappearance,theboxofficeofthemythologicalepicCreationoftheGods:KingdomofStormsshowedarebound(反彈)trendthankstoitsgoodreviewsandwordofmouthonsocialmedia.Thisnewadaptationofawell-knownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.(神話史詩《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》首次亮相三周后，憑借其在社交媒體上的好評和口碑，票房呈現(xiàn)反彈趨勢。這部改編自中國一個著名故事的新作品與以往不同，因為它關(guān)注的不是強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是姬發(fā)，一個貴族的兒子，他努力尋找自己的真實身份，后來成長為國王)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了電影《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》，并對其進(jìn)行評價，文章是一篇電影評論。故選C。CIfasthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthisrule,itmeansthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpfindabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightshowsignsofsomediseases.Anewstudyshowsthatanalysisofacity’swastewatercanalsoprovideinsightsintothehealthandbehaviorofitsresidents.Suchsurveillance(監(jiān)測)canbeappliedtosample(取樣)alltoiletuserswithoutknowingtheirnames.Itismuchcheaperthanalternativesamplingtechniques,andflexibleenoughtomonitor(監(jiān)測)everythingfromdrugusetodietandevenmentalhealth.Wastewatersurveillancehasbecomeanimportanttoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.Thisnewapproachinvolvesanalyzingwastewatersamplestolookforandtrackthepresenceofvariousviruses,bacteriaandparasites.Bymonitoringthegeneticmaterialofthesepathogens(致病菌)inwastewater,scientistsandpublichealthofficialscangainvaluableinsightsintothespreadofdiseaseswithincommunities.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherealternativemeansoftestingareexpensive.Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallyhedetected(查明)inwastewater.Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfilitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameif privacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph1?A.Toshowsomesignsofphysicalillness.B.Tointroduceamethodofdetectingdiseases.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofdiettohealth.D.Topresentthevalueofstudyingbodilywaste.29.Whatisanadvantageofwastewatersurveillance?A.Itservesmorepurposes.B.Itrequireslessefforttodo.C.Itprotectsresidents’privacy.D.Itneedslittleprofessionalknowledge.30.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedevelopmentofwastewatersurveillance.B.Themeansofwastewatertestingforpoorareas.C.Theapplicationofwastewaterindiseasedetection.D.Thepotentialofwastewaterindiscoveringdangerousgoods.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswastewatersurveillance?A.Doubtful.B.Careful.C.Unclear.D.Unconcerned.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述監(jiān)測下水道的廢水能得出某地居民的健康大數(shù)據(jù)，從而能夠起到疾病預(yù)防的作用?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“If,asthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthisrule,itmeansthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.(如果說如俗語所說“人如其食”，那么很顯然，你的排泄物也反映出你是什么。如果我們遵循這個邏輯，這意味著我們的身體廢物反映了我們的飲食和整體健康)”可知，我們的身體廢物反映了我們的飲食和整體健康，接著下文“Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpfindabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightshowsignsofsomediseases.(例如，分析人類排泄物可以幫助檢測某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的異常水平，這可能會揭示某些疾病的跡象)”對上文舉例說明，分析人類排泄物可能會揭示某些疾病的跡象，由此可推知，作者在第一段提到這個例子是為了說明研究身體排泄物的價值。故選D。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wastewatersurveillancehasbecomeanimportanttoolinover70countriesfor monitoringandmanagingpublichealth.(廢水監(jiān)測已成為70多個國家監(jiān)測和管理公共衛(wèi)生的重要工具)”和第四段“Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallyhedetected(查明)inwastewater.(它也可以應(yīng)用于許多其他領(lǐng)域。例如，警方可以采用該工具來發(fā)現(xiàn)犯罪行為。從吸食非法毒品到處理炸彈原料，任何事情都有可能在廢水中被檢測到)”可知，廢水監(jiān)測的優(yōu)勢是有更多的用途。故選A。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合首句“Wastewatersurveillancehasbecomeanimportanttoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.(廢水監(jiān)測已成為70多個國家監(jiān)測和管理公共衛(wèi)生的重要工具)”可知，本段主要講述廢水在疾病檢測中的應(yīng)用，故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章介紹了廢水監(jiān)測的好處、優(yōu)勢等，最后一段“Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfilitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameifprivacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.(但是，為了使廢水監(jiān)測發(fā)揮其潛力，今天的系統(tǒng)必須轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦€(wěn)定、更有組織的系統(tǒng)。此外，測試機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該公開其能力的范圍，以及如何準(zhǔn)確地使用數(shù)據(jù)。他們還應(yīng)該咨詢被監(jiān)控的人。如果對隱私的擔(dān)憂導(dǎo)致對它的支持消失，那將是一件憾事)”提到了如何使其發(fā)揮出最大潛力，消除人們對隱私的擔(dān)憂，故作者對廢水監(jiān)測持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，故選B。DIt’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蝕)bysandandwind.Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁畫)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.Commonlyseen“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剝落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamural requiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissingorfadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”appearanceinrestoration.“Culturalrelicsarewitnessesofhistory,”explainsSu.“Whenyoupursuetheso-calledintact(完好無損的)lookforartisticreasons,youwilllosetheirkeymeaning.”Caveconservationisaboutcontinuouslysolvingproblems.“Itneedsalong-termresearchtobetterpreservethecaves,overamuchwidertimespanthatgoesbeyondourlifetimes,”Susays.Butatleast,theycankeeptheexistinglookofthemuralsforaslongaspossible.32.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A.ToshowthepopularityofDunhuangmurals.B.ToexplainthehistoryoftheancientSilkRoad.C.Tostressthesignificanceoftherestorationwork.D.Topresentthewaysofprotectingculturalheritage.33.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?A.Creative.B.Well-paid.C.Interesting.D.Demanding.34.Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Spottingthefadedmuralsintime.B.Fixingthemissingpartsofmurals.C.Makingpreservationofthemuralsastheyare.D.Repaintingtoperfecttheappearanceofmurals.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheArtisticCharmofMuralPaintings.B.TheMuralRestorationintheMogaoCaves.C.TheSuccessfulExperimentonCaveConservation.D.TheRoleoftheDunhuangSpiritinChineseCulture.【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.B【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】文章是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了莫高窟壁畫的修復(fù)工作?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople(這些文物是幾個世紀(jì)以來古絲綢之路上文化交流的產(chǎn)物。我們的工作，修復(fù)壁畫和彩雕，是為了更好地保護(hù)洞穴，這是一個偉大的敦煌，它向世界展示了偉大的敦煌精神，并激勵了現(xiàn)代人。)”可知，修復(fù)壁畫和彩雕是為了更好地保護(hù)洞穴，它向世界展示了偉大的敦煌精神，并激勵了現(xiàn)代人?？芍径沃饕獜?qiáng)調(diào)修復(fù)工作的重要性。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.(修復(fù)壁畫需要一個多面手。修復(fù)人員應(yīng)該懂得繪畫，掌握泥瓦匠的技能，并具備一定的化學(xué)和物理知識，能夠識別問題及其相應(yīng)的原因，并提供解決方案。他們還必須選擇合適的材料和工具，并進(jìn)行實驗，然后才正式進(jìn)行修復(fù)和評估效果。)”可知，修復(fù)工作對修復(fù)人員的要求是非常高的。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.(修復(fù)工作應(yīng)尊重原作，以保持壁畫的現(xiàn)狀為目標(biāo)，而不是重新繪制壁畫)”可知，修復(fù)工作應(yīng)注重保護(hù)壁畫的原貌。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蝕)bysandandwind.(這是一場與時間的賽跑，盡管受到風(fēng)沙的侵蝕，敦煌研究院的幾代文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)人員仍在努力保護(hù)莫高窟的藝術(shù)魅力。莫高窟被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)。)”以及后文對修復(fù)工作的目的，要求等的介紹可知，文章主要講述的是莫高窟壁畫修復(fù)工作。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 AcompetitionaboutVersaillesliterature(凡爾賽文學(xué))wascarriedoutonSinaWeiborecently.SowhatisVersaillesliterature?____36____ItcamefromTheRoseofVersailles,aJapanesemangaseriesaboutaristocratic(貴族化的)lifeatthepalaceofVersaillesinFranceinthelate18thcentury,andwascoinedbyaChineseinfluencerearlierthisyear.Knownashumblebragging(謙虛的吹牛),itisaboastdisguisedasacomplaint.“____37____”and“IthoughtIlostweightthismorning.SodisappointedwhenIrealizeditwasbecauseItookoffthehugediamondringmyboyfriendgavemelastnight.”aresomeexamplesofVersaillesliterature.Thepsychologybehindhumblebraggingistoberecognizedforone’ssuccessesandbelikedbyothersatthesametime,accordingtoscholars.____38____Mostresearchersconcludedfromtheirresearchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersduetotheformer’sinsincerity.“____39____Peopledon’tlikebraggers,buttheyatleastseethemasmoresincerethanhumblebraggers,”saidFrancescaGino.So,howcanweannoyhumblebraggersback?“Justpretendyoudon’tgetwhateveritistheytrytoshowoff,”anetizenadvised.“____40____”A.Andrespondwithsincerepityfortheircomplaints.B.Havingtoomanyhouses,howcanIdecidewhichonetodecorate?C.I’mfedupwithlivinginthecountrysidewithnoshoppingmallsaround.D.Thekeyfactorthatmakesthetwogroupsofpeopledifferentissincerity.E.Actually,thetermhasnothingtodowiththeFrenchpalaceorwithliterature.F.However,studiesshowthathumblebraggingasaself-promotionstrategydoesnotwork.G.Theintentionistoshowoffthingsofmaterialisticvalues,yetpretendingthat’snotthepoint.【答案】36.E37.B38.F39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了“凡爾賽文學(xué)”?！?6題詳解】第一段中“SowhatisVersaillesliterature?(那么什么是凡爾賽文學(xué)呢？)”提出問題，什么是凡爾賽文學(xué)？結(jié)合空后“ItcamefromTheRoseofVersailles,aJapanesemangaseriesaboutaristocratic(貴族化的)lifeatthepalaceofVersaillesinFranceinthelate18thcentury,andwascoinedbyaChineseinfluencerearlierthisyear.(這個詞來源于日本漫畫《凡爾賽玫瑰》，這是一部講述18世紀(jì)末法國凡爾賽宮貴族生活的漫畫，該詞今年早些時候由一位中國網(wǎng)紅創(chuàng)造)”可知，第二段是回答上文的問題，解釋什么是凡爾賽文學(xué)，E項“實際上，這個詞與法國宮殿或文學(xué)沒有任何關(guān)系”符合語境，故選E。 【37題詳解】根據(jù)空后“and‘IthoughtIlostweightthismorning.SodisappointedwhenIrealizeditwasbecauseItookoffthehugediamondringmyboyfriendgavemelastnight.’aresomeexamplesofVersaillesliterature.(‘我以為我今天早上瘦了。當(dāng)我意識到這是因為我摘下了我男朋友昨晚給我的大鉆戒時，我很失望?！且恍┓矤栙愇膶W(xué)的例子)”可知，空處是凡爾賽文學(xué)的例子，B項“房子太多了，我怎么決定裝修哪一間呢？”符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thepsychologybehindhumblebraggingistoberecognizedforone’ssuccessesandbelikedbyothersatthesametime,accordingtoscholars.(學(xué)者們表示，謙虛的吹牛背后的心理學(xué)原理是，既想讓自己的成功得到認(rèn)可，又想讓別人喜歡自己)”可知，謙虛的吹牛是想讓自己的成功得到認(rèn)可，又想讓別人喜歡自己，結(jié)合下文“Mostresearchersconcludedfromtheirresearchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersduetotheformer’sinsincerity.(大多數(shù)研究人員從他們的研究中得出結(jié)論，謙虛的吹牛者比直率的吹牛者被認(rèn)為更消極，因為前者不真誠)”可知，謙虛的吹牛者不真誠，效果消極，所以空處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，F(xiàn)項“然而，研究表明，謙虛的吹牛作為一種自我推銷策略并不奏效”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】上一段中“Mostresearchersconcludedfromtheirresearchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersduetotheformer’sinsincerity.(大多數(shù)研究人員從他們的研究中得出結(jié)論，謙虛的吹牛者比直率的吹牛者被認(rèn)為更消極，因為前者不真誠)”提到，謙虛的吹牛者和直率的吹牛者效果不同，根據(jù)下文“Peopledon’tlikebraggers,buttheyatleastseethemasmoresincerethanhumblebraggers(人們不喜歡吹牛的人，但他們至少認(rèn)為他們比謙虛的吹牛者更真誠)”可知，本段是解釋上文的原因，D項“使這兩類人不同的關(guān)鍵因素是真誠”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“So,howcanweannoyhumblebraggersback?(那么，我們怎樣才能惹惱那些謙虛的吹牛者呢)”可知，空處是關(guān)于如何應(yīng)對謙虛的吹牛者，A項“對他們的抱怨報以真誠的同情”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Today,theBraillewritingsystemisthemostwell-knownlanguagesystemusedbyblindpeopleallovertheworldtoreadandwrite.Itwas____41____byLouisBraille,ayoungblindchildattheageof12,to____42____ thewayblindpeoplereadbooksatthetime.Atage10,LouisBraillegota(n)____43____providedbyFrance’sNationalInstitutionofBlindYouth,wherehetookuppiano.Itwastherethathefirsthearda(n)____44____,givenbyasoldier,whotoldthechildrenaboutacode(代碼)hisfellowsoldiersusedtocommunicatewithout____45____,atnight,inbattle.Braillewasvery____46____andrealizedthatthewritingsystemcouldactuallybeadaptedtoawriting/readingsystem____47____totheblind.Hesetoutandworkedto____48____thesoldier’scode.Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,Braille____49____thenow-familiarsix-dotalphabet-based(基于字母表的)code.Hecontinuedtoworkonthesystemovertime,____50____developingamachinewithafriendthatletblindpeopletypeintheregularalphabet.Braillepublishedhissystemwhenhewas20.Despitethe____51____fromhisfellowblindstudents,thesystemwasrefusedbysome____52____andschoolboardmembers—they____53____thatblindpeoplemighttakeawaytheirjobs.Braille____54____asateacherandmusician,buthissystemdidn’tspreadbeyondtheinstitution.Itwasonlyafterhisdeaththatthesystemcaughtattentionandbecamethe____55____wayblindpeoplereadandwritearoundtheworld.41.A.ignoredB.inventedC.analyzedD.accepted42.A.improveB.recommendC.stressD.advocate43.A.requirementB.introductionC.scholarshipD.response44.A.suggestionB.announcementC.lectureD.argument45.A.thinkingB.markingC.movingD.speaking46.A.tiredB.upsetC.confusedD.interested47.A.familiarB.beneficialC.fairD.safe48.A.perfectB.defendC.removeD.share49.A.figuredoutB.lookedintoC.carriedonD.pickedup50.A.originallyB.regularlyC.eventuallyD.apparently51.A.decisionB.commentC.praiseD.doubt52.A.pianistsB.interviewersC.soldiersD.instructors53.A.hopedB.fearedC.confirmedD.promised54.A.recoveredB.succeededC.struggledD.judged55.A.commonB.similarC.easyD.rare【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.C45.D46.D47.B48.A49.A50.C 51.C52.D53.B54.B55.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了法國盲人LouisBraille在一次學(xué)校講座中聽到一位士兵講述戰(zhàn)斗中運(yùn)用代碼的故事，受此啟發(fā)他發(fā)明了“布萊葉盲文”?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是由一個12歲的盲童，路易斯·布萊葉發(fā)明的，旨在改善當(dāng)時盲人的閱讀方式。A.ignored忽略；B.invented發(fā)明；C.analyzed分析；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)下文“Braillepublishedhissystemwhenhewas20.”可知，盲文書寫系統(tǒng)是由布萊葉發(fā)明的。故選B項。【42題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是由一個12歲的盲童，路易斯·布萊葉發(fā)明的，旨在改善當(dāng)時盲人的閱讀方式。A.improve改善；B.recommend推薦；C.stress強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.advocate提倡。根據(jù)下文“thewayblindpeoplereadbooksatthetime”以及“Braillewasvery____6____andrealizedthatthewritingsystemcouldactuallybeadaptedtoawriting/readingsystem____7____totheblind.”可知，此處表示布萊葉發(fā)明盲文書寫系統(tǒng)，目的在于改善當(dāng)時盲人的閱讀方式。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：10歲時，路易斯·布萊葉獲得了法國國家盲人青年研究所提供的獎學(xué)金，在那里他開始學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴。A.requirement要求；B.introduction介紹；C.scholarship獎學(xué)金；D.response回答。根據(jù)下文“providedbyFrance’sNationalInstitutionofBlindYouth,wherehetookuppiano.”可知，布萊葉獲得的是法國國家盲人青年研究所提供的獎學(xué)金，所以他可以在那里學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是在那里，他第一次聽到了一位士兵的演講，他告訴孩子們，他的戰(zhàn)友們在戰(zhàn)斗中經(jīng)常在晚上不說話的情況下交流。A.suggestion建議；B.announcement公告；C.lecture講座；D.argument論點。根據(jù)下文“givenbyasoldier,whotoldthechildrenaboutacode(代碼)hisfellowsoldiersusedtocommunicatewithout____5____,atnight,inbattle.”以及常識可知，此處表示一位士兵給孩子們做的講座。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正是在那里，他第一次聽到了一位士兵的演講，他告訴孩子們，他的戰(zhàn)友們在戰(zhàn)斗中經(jīng)常在晚上不說話的情況下交流。A.thinking思考；B.marking做記號；C.moving移動；D.speaking說話。根據(jù)上文“whotoldthechildrenaboutacode(代碼)hisfellowsoldiersusedtocommunicatewithout”以及常識可知，在晚上的戰(zhàn)斗中，士兵和戰(zhàn)友需要保持安靜，所以此處表示他們進(jìn)行交流時并沒有說話。故選D項。 【46題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布萊葉對此非常感興趣，并意識到書寫系統(tǒng)實際上可以適應(yīng)一種對盲人有益的書寫/閱讀系統(tǒng)。A.tired累的；B.upset沮喪的；C.confused困惑的；D.interested感興趣的。根據(jù)下文“Hesetoutandworkedto____8____thesoldier’scode.”可知，布萊葉對此非常感興趣，開始研究士兵們的代碼。故選D項。【47題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布萊葉對此非常感興趣，并意識到書寫系統(tǒng)實際上可以適應(yīng)一種對盲人有益的書寫/閱讀系統(tǒng)。A.familiar熟悉的；B.beneficial有益的；C.fair公平的；D.safe安全的。根據(jù)下文“Hesetoutandworkedto____8____thesoldier’scode.”可知，布萊葉開始研究士兵的代碼，推測此處表示布萊葉意識到書寫系統(tǒng)可能對盲人有益處。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他開始工作并努力完善士兵的代碼。A.perfect完善；B.defend保衛(wèi)；C.remove移除；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文“Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,Braille____9____thenow-familiarsix-dotalphabet-based(基于字母表的)code.Hecontinuedtoworkonthesystemovertime,”可知，布萊葉在努力完善士兵的代碼，使其可以適合盲人。故選A項。【49題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：經(jīng)過兩年的努力，布萊葉算出了現(xiàn)在人們熟悉的六點制基于字母表的代碼。A.figuredout計算出；B.lookedinto調(diào)查；C.carriedon實施；D.pickedup撿起。根據(jù)下文“thenow-familiarsix-dotalphabet-based(基于字母表的)code.”可知，此處表示兩年的努力之后，布萊葉算出了現(xiàn)在被人們熟悉的代碼。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，他繼續(xù)研究這個系統(tǒng)，最終與一位朋友研發(fā)了一臺機(jī)器，可以讓盲人輸入普通字母。A.originally原來地；B.regularly定期地；C.eventually最終；D.apparently顯然地。根據(jù)上文“Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,Braille____9____thenow-familiarsix-dotalphabet-based(基于字母表的)code.Hecontinuedtoworkonthesystemovertime,”以及下文“Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,Braille____9____thenow-familiarsix-dotalphabet-based(基于字母表的)code.Hecontinuedtoworkonthesystemovertime,”可知，經(jīng)過努力，最終布萊葉與朋友研發(fā)了一臺可以讓盲人輸入普通字母的機(jī)器。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的盲人同學(xué)們對此表示贊揚(yáng)，但該系統(tǒng)遭到了一些教員和學(xué)校董事會成員的拒絕——他們擔(dān)心盲人可能會搶走他們的工作。A.decision決定；B.comment評論；C.praise 贊揚(yáng)；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文“fromhisfellowblindstudents,thesystemwasrefusedbysome____12____andschoolboardmembers—they____13____thatblindpeoplemighttakeawaytheirjobs.”以及句中的Despite可知，此處表示盡管布萊葉的系統(tǒng)得到了盲人同學(xué)的贊揚(yáng)，但卻被一些學(xué)校董事會成員拒絕。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的盲人同學(xué)們對此表示贊揚(yáng)，但該系統(tǒng)遭到了一些教員和學(xué)校董事會成員的拒絕——他們擔(dān)心盲人可能會搶走他們的工作。A.pianists鋼琴家；B.interviewers面試官；C.soldiers士兵；D.instructors教員。根據(jù)下文“Braille____14____asateacherandmusician,buthissystemdidn’tspreadbeyondtheinstitution.”可知，此處表示學(xué)校范圍內(nèi)的一些人員表示拒絕，一些教員和學(xué)校董事會成員拒絕布萊葉的系統(tǒng)。故選D項。【53題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的盲人同學(xué)們對此表示贊揚(yáng)，但該系統(tǒng)遭到了一些教員和學(xué)校董事會成員的拒絕——他們擔(dān)心盲人可能會搶走他們的工作。A.hoped希望；B.feared擔(dān)心；C.confirmed證實；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文“thatblindpeoplemighttakeawaytheirjobs.”可知，此處敘述教員和學(xué)校董事會成員拒絕的原因，他們擔(dān)心盲人可能會搶走他們的工作。故選B項。【54題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：布萊葉作為一名教師和音樂家取得了成功，但他的體系并沒有傳播到學(xué)校之外。A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.succeeded成功；C.struggled掙扎；D.judged判斷。根據(jù)下文“asateacherandmusician,buthissystemdidn’tspreadbeyondtheinstitution.”可知，句子前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)表示布萊葉作為教師和音樂家是成功的。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到他去世后，這個系統(tǒng)才引起人們的注意，并成為世界各地盲人閱讀和寫作的常見方式。A.common常見的；B.similar相似的；C.easy容易的；D.rare稀有的。根據(jù)下文“blindpeoplereadandwritearoundtheworld.”可知，此處表示布萊葉發(fā)明的系統(tǒng)成為了世界各地的盲人閱讀和書寫的常見的方式。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China,onOctober26th,____56____(send)theShenzhouXVIImannedspaceship,andthethreeastronautsaboardwillstayinorbitforaboutsixmonthsonaspacestationmission.Thecrewmembers—TangHongbo,TangShengjieandJiangXinlin—havebeenscheduledtorideonboardtheShenzhouXVIIspaceship.TangHongboisoneofthenation’ssecond-generationastronauts.Throughthis mission,hewillbecomearecordholderamongChineseastronauts,regardingthe____57____(short)interval(間隔)betweentwospaceflights—justtwoyearsandonemonthafterreturningfromhisfirstspacejourneyinthethree-monthShenzhouXII.____58____(bring)upinafarmingfamilyinnorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,TangShengjieenteredChina’sAviationUniversityofAirForceaftergraduatingfromhighschool____59____becameafighterpilot.Afternearly13yearsof____60____(serve),hehasflownsixtypesofaircraft.Likemanyofhispredecessors,JiangXinlinisapilot-turned-taikonaut,____61____wasalsoaground-forcetankdriverbeforereachingbeyondthesky.“Iamverymuchlookingforwardtotravellingintospace,enjoyingthefuninzerogravityand____62____(explore)thewondersofthevastuniverse,”the35-year-oldsaidinapre-flightinterview.TheShenzhouXVIIcrewissupposed____63____(stay)insidetheTiangongforaroundsixmonthsandreturntoEartharoundApril.Their____64____(task)includecarryingoutscientificexperimentsandtechnologicaldemonstrations,conductingspacewalkstoinstallequipmentandmaintainthemassiveorbitaloutpost,checkingthe____65____(station)operationalperformance,obtainingdata,aswellashelpingtoreviewgroundfacilities’supportcapabilities.【答案】56.sent57.shortest58.Brought59.and60.service61.who62.exploring63.tostay64.tasks65.station’s【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國發(fā)射了神舟十七號載人飛船，并介紹了三位宇航員的相關(guān)情況?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：10月26日，中國發(fā)射了神舟十七號載人飛船，船上的三名宇航員將在軌道上停留約六個月，執(zhí)行空間站任務(wù)。根據(jù)時間狀語onOctober26th可知，句子應(yīng)用一般過去時，動詞使用過去式形式。故填sent。【57題詳解】 考查形容詞。句意：通過這次任務(wù)，他將成為中國宇航員中兩次太空飛行間隔最短的記錄保持者——距離他乘坐為期三個月的神舟十二號首次太空旅行返回僅兩年零一個月。結(jié)合語意可知，此處表示中國宇航員中兩次太空飛行的間隔時間最短，空處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級形式shortest，表示“最短的”。故填shortest?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：唐勝杰在中國西北甘肅省的一個農(nóng)民家庭長大，高中畢業(yè)后進(jìn)入中國空軍航空大學(xué)，成為一名戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作非謂語動詞，bring與邏輯主語TangShengjie之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語，brought置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Brought?！?9題詳解】考查連詞。句意：唐勝杰在中國西北甘肅省的一個農(nóng)民家庭長大，高中畢業(yè)后進(jìn)入中國空軍航空大學(xué)，成為一名戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員。結(jié)合語意可知，enteredChina’sAviationUniversityofAirForceaftergraduatingfromhighschool與becameafighterpilot之間是承接關(guān)系，中間應(yīng)用并列連詞and連接。故填and。【60題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在服役近13年后，他已經(jīng)駕駛了六種類型的飛機(jī)?？仗幱糜诮樵~of之后，應(yīng)用名詞service作賓語。故填service?！?1題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：和他的許多前任一樣，蔣新林是一名飛行員出身的宇航員，在到達(dá)天空之外之前，他也是一名地面部隊的坦克駕駛員。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從，修飾先行詞JiangXinlin，先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。故填who?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這位35歲的宇航員在飛行前接受采訪時說：“我非常期待進(jìn)入太空，享受零重力的樂趣，探索浩瀚宇宙的奇跡?！??？仗幣ctravelling和enjoying并列，作介詞to的賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式。故填exploring。63題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：神舟十七號載人飛船預(yù)計將在天宮內(nèi)停留約六個月，并于4月左右返回地球。besupposedtodosth.為固定搭配，表示“應(yīng)該做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式。故填tostay?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他們的任務(wù)包括進(jìn)行科學(xué)實驗和技術(shù)演示，進(jìn)行太空行走以安裝設(shè)備和維護(hù)大型軌道前哨站，檢查空間站的運(yùn)行性能，獲取數(shù)據(jù)，以及幫助審查地面設(shè)施的支撐能力。結(jié)合語意可知，他們的任務(wù)包括多項，且結(jié)合謂語動詞include使用了原形形式可知，可數(shù)名詞task應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，作句子主語。故填tasks?！?5題詳解】 考查名詞所有格。句意：他們的任務(wù)包括進(jìn)行科學(xué)實驗和技術(shù)演示，進(jìn)行太空行走以安裝設(shè)備和維護(hù)大型軌道前哨站，檢查空間站的運(yùn)行性能，獲取數(shù)據(jù)，以及幫助審查地面設(shè)施的支撐能力。結(jié)合語意可知，此處表示空間站的運(yùn)行性能，空處應(yīng)用名詞所有格形式station’s，表示“空間站的”。故填station’s。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66.假定你是某國際學(xué)校的學(xué)生會主席李華。由于剛剛搬入新校區(qū)，你校準(zhǔn)備組織一個主題為“TourtheNewCampus”的校園游活動。請你用英語寫一篇歡迎詞，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.活動目的；3.活動內(nèi)容。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearteachersandfellowstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearteachersandfellowstudents,Welcometoour“TourtheNewCampus”event.AspresidentoftheStudents’Union,I’mhonoredtobeheretodelivertheopeningaddress.Thepurposeofthiseventistoprovideachanceforustoquicklyadapttothenewenvironmentwherewe’llspendthefollowingyears.Inthisevent,you’llbeguidedbyvolunteerstoaccessvariousplacesoncampus,suchastheteachingbuilding,thecanteenaswellasyourdormitories.Meanwhile,you’reencouragedtonamethesenewbuildingsaccordingtotheirlocations,shapes,andfunctions,etc.Ifyourideaisadopted,notonlycanyougetaprize,butyoucanalsohaveyournamedocumentedinourschoolmuseum.Thanksforyourattendance,andIwishyouallanenjoyableandmeaningfulexperience.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生就學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備組織主題為“TourtheNewCampus”的校園游活動寫一篇歡迎詞。 【詳解】1.詞匯積累目的：purpose→intention提供：provide→offer機(jī)會：chance→opportunity也：also→aswell2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Inthisevent,you’llbeguidedbyvolunteerstoaccessvariousplacesoncampus,suchastheteachingbuilding,thecanteenaswellasyourdormitories.拓展句：Inthisevent,you’llbeguidedbyvolunteerstoaccessvariousplacesoncampus,whichincludetheteachingbuilding,thecanteenaswellasyourdormitories.【點睛】【高分句型1】Thepurposeofthiseventistoprovideachanceforustoquicklyadapttothenewenvironmentwherewe’llspendthefollowingyears.（運(yùn)用了where引導(dǎo)的定語從句）【高分句型2】Ifyourideaisadopted,notonlycanyougetaprize,butyoucanalsohaveyournamedocumentedinourschoolmuseum.（運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。IliveinapoorerquarterofmysmallMainetown,butIlikeithere.It’sprettyandIknowallmyneighbors.SomeyearsbackIreturnedhometofindthatmyhousehadbeenbrokeninto.AsIsaid,IknowallmyneighborsandthereforeIhadaprettygoodideawhotheburglarwas.IspokewiththepoliceandwhenImademysuspicions(猜想)known,theyrolledtheireyes.“He’sgotquitearecordalready,”theytoldme.“IfyouaccuseJared(nothisrealname),hewillgototheyouthcenter.”IaskedthepolicetoholdoffuntilIcouldspeakwithJared.Intheinterim(期間),Iwenttohishighschoolandtoldtheprincipalwhathadhappened.Ialsocameupwithawaythatwouldn’tinvolvethelaw.MynextstopwasJared’shouse.Whenhesawme,fearfilledhiseyes.“It’sOK,let’stakeawalk.”Isaidashewalkedbesideme.Iaskedwhyhehadbrokenintomyhouse.“IfItakeyoutocourt,youwillstayintheyouthcenterforsixyears.”AlookofregretappearedacrossJared’sfaceandIcaughtthemoment.“Look,”Isaid,“andlistencarefully.Ispoketothehighschool.I’veofferedtomentor(輔導(dǎo))youforoneschoolyear.Thismeansyouhavetomeetwithmeforonehoureveryweek.Wewillspendahalfhouronhomeworkandahalf-hourtalkingaboutanythingyoulike.Butyoumustrepaythemoneyyoustolefrommyhouse.“Hetooktheoffer.ToJared’scredit,heshowedup inaquiet,dedicated(專用的)spaceinschooleveryFridaymorning.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Ilearnedabouthisbrokenfamily.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IheldoutmyhandtoJaredandsaid,“That’sit.”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ilearnedabouthisbrokenfamily.Hisparentsgotdivorcedandhismotherearnedjustenoughtomakeendsmeet.Hewasoftenleftaloneathome,andhehardlyhadfriends.FridayafterFriday,wesat,wechatted,andIlistened.Tomyjoy,hebecamehappier,talkativeandevenmadeseveralgoodfriends.Herepaidthemoneyhehadstolenfrommyhouse.Theneighborhoodgotmorepeacefulandprettier.Whenthetenmonthsended,Imethiminthequiet,dedicatedspaceforthelasttime.IheldoutmyhandtoJaredandsaid.“That’sit.”Surprised,helaidhishandinminetentatively,andlookedatme.“That’sit?”heechoed,stillalittledoubtful.“Yeah,”Inodded,smiling.Innotimeabroadsmiledancedonhisfaceandhehuggedmetightly,thankingmeoverandover.Inreturn,theneighborhoodbenefitedfromawell-behavedandresponsibleJared.Irealizedthatthewideworldoftenletsusdown,butit’sstillpossibletodoourparttomakeahugedifferencetoothers’lives.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】 本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的房子有人闖入，由于認(rèn)識所有的鄰居，所以作者很清楚誰是竊賊。了解到被懷疑的賈里德如果被指控，將會被送去青少年中心之后，作者決定自己先與賈里德談?wù)?。與賈里德交談之后，作者感受到了賈里德悔恨的心情，提出輔導(dǎo)賈里德一學(xué)年，條件是賈里德需要每周與作者見面，被輔導(dǎo)功課和談?wù)撓矚g的事情，賈里德需要償還偷走的錢。賈里德接受了作者的建議?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我了解了他破碎的家庭?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫賈里德的家庭以及生活狀況，在作者和賈里德一次又一次見面后，賈里德變得更好，并且還了偷走的錢，作者最后一次在安靜專注的空間見到了賈里德。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我向賈里德伸出手說?！熬褪沁@樣?！薄笨芍?，第二段可描寫賈里德向作者表示感激，作者意識到人們都應(yīng)該盡自己的一份力量，為他人的生活帶來巨大改變。2.續(xù)寫線索：了解賈里德的情況——賈里德變得更好——最后一次見面——賈里德表示感激——作者的感悟3.詞匯激活行為類①償還：repay/payback②擁抱：hug/embrace③意識到：realize/beawareof情緒類①驚訝的：surprised/astonished②感謝：thank/begrateful【點睛】【高分句型1】Herepaidthemoneyhehadstolenfrommyhouse.（運(yùn)用了省略that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句）【高分句型2】Whenthetenmonthsended,Imethiminthequiet,dedicatedspaceforthelasttime.（運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）