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A10聯(lián)盟2022級(jí)高二上學(xué)期11月期中考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A．Gotothelibrarytogether.B．Takeanexamseparately.C．Buybookstogether.2．Whichisthemostexpensive?A．Thebed.B．Thefridge.C．Thewashingmachine.3．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Shedoesn’treallywanttodance.B．Sherefusedtheman’sinvitation.C．Themanisnotskilledatdancing.4．Whywasthemanlate?A．Hiscarbrokedown.B．Therewasasuddenstorm.C．Hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.5．Whatdoesthewomanlookforwardto?A．Meetingheraunt.B．Finishingherwork.C．Travelingwiththeman.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthemancomplain?A．Hisbagistooheavy.B．Hishomeistoofaraway.C．Thethingsaretooexpensive.7．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Shedoesn’tliketotravel.B．ShehasbeentoHongKongbeforeC．Sheboughtmanypresentsforherkids.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Wheredoesthewomanwork? A．Inaradiostation.B．Inahotel.C．Inabuildingcompany.9．WhyisthewomanlookingforMr.Nash?A．Tobookahotel.B．Totalkabouthisconcern.C．Toinvitehimforaninterview.10．HowwillthewomangetintouchwithMr.Nash?A．Bywritingane-mail.B．Bysendingatextmessage.C．Bymakingaphonecall.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatarethespeakers?A．Collegestudents.B．Schoolteachers.C．Schoollibrarians.12．Whatisitinthemiddleofthemap?A．Therestaurant.B．TheStudentUnion.C．TheMediaCenter.13．Whatcanstudentsborrowfromtheoldlibrary?A．Sportsmagazines.B．Entertainmentmagazines.C．Financialbooks.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Habits.B．Advice.C．Hobbies.15．WhatisAgathaChristieprobably?A．Afamouswriter.B．Amoviestar.C．Abookseller.16．WhatdoesBobsuggestdoing?A．Watchingmovies.B．Buyingsomebooks.C．Waitingattheoffice.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Reportingastudy.B．Attendingameeting.C．Teachingaclass.18．Whatshouldyoupaymostattentiontowhentakingnotes?A．Listening.B．Reading.C．Writing.19．Whatisanadvantageofusingsymbolsinnote-taking?A．Itkeepsinformationsecret.B．Itleavesspaceforfutureuse.C．Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.20．Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A．Askafewquestions.B．Showsomeexamples.C．Makeasummary.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhetheryoulikehistoryorsimplylearningsomethingnew,thesefourmuseumsareworthpayingavisitto.TenementMuseum LocatedinNewYork,theTenementMuseumshowcasesthestoriesoftheimmigrantsandmigrants(移民)whocametoAmericabetweenthe1860sandthe1980s.Seehowtheypursuedthe“Americandream.”Theirdeterminationandendlessdesiretocarveoutabetterlifenotonlyreflectsthedepthsofthehumanspirit,butalsohowAmericacametobethecountryitistoday.NationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndianLocatedinWashington,D.C.,theNationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndiancontainsoneoftheworld’slargestcollectionsofnativeartifacts(手工藝品),photographsanddocuments.Featuringbothongoingandtemporaryexhibits,themuseumdocumentsmanywaysAmericanIndiansintegratedintoAmericanhistoryandculture.MississippiCivilRightsMuseumTheMississippiCivilRightsMuseuminJacksonfeatureseightgalleriesfilledwithinteractiveexhibitsthattellthestoriesofblackMississippiansandtheirfightforequalityfrom1945to1976.You’llhearthestoriesofMedgarEvers,FannieLouHamer,andVernonDahmer,andyou’llalsohearaboutmanymen,womenandchildrenwhofoughttoberecognizedasequals.Artifactsincludea“colored”entrancesign,thegunusedtoshootEvers,aburnedcross,andabuttonfromthe1966MarchAgainstFear.TheNationalWWIIMuseumInNewOrleans’No.1attraction,theNationalWWIIMuseum,visitorscanseewhyWorldWarIIwasfought,explorekeymomentssuchasD-DayandthebombingofPearlHarbor,andputthemselvesintheshoesofthosewhohadtomakedifficultdecisionsduringthewar.Youevencantakea4Djourneythroughthewarin“BeyondAllBoundaries.”1.Whichmuseumbestsuitsvisitorsinterestedinongoingandtemporaryexhibits?A.TenementMuseum.B.NationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndian.C.MississippiCivilRightsMuseum.D.TheNationalWWIIMuseum.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMedgarEversfromthetext?A.Heorganizedthe1966MarchAgainstFear.B.HejoinedthearmyandfoughtinWorldWarII.C.Helaiddownhisownlifeinthefightforequality.D.HeimmigratedtotheUStopursuehisAmericandream.3.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthistext?A.Torecommendpeopletovisitthemuseums.B.Tomakeacomparisonofthefourmuseums. C.Toremindreadersnevertoforgetourpasthistory.D.Tosharehisownexperiencesinvisitingthemuseums.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向讀者推薦了美國(guó)四家博物館?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndian部分中“Featuringbothongoingandtemporaryexhibits,themuseumdocumentsmanywaysAmericanIndiansintegratedintoAmericanhistoryandculture.(這個(gè)博物館展示的永久和臨時(shí)展覽，記錄了美洲印第安人融入美國(guó)歷史和文化的多種方式)”可知，美國(guó)印第安人國(guó)家博物館展示的永久和臨時(shí)展覽，記錄了美洲印第安人融入美國(guó)歷史和文化的多種方式。由此可知，該博物館最適合對(duì)永久和臨時(shí)展覽感興趣的游客。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)MississippiCivilRightsMuseum部分中“You’llhearthestoriesofMedgarEvers,FannieLouHamer,andVernonDahmer,andyou’llalsohearaboutmanymen,womenandchildrenwhofoughttoberecognizedasequals.?Artifactsincludea“colored”entrancesign,thegunusedtoshootEvers,aburnedcross,andabuttonfromthe1966MarchAgainstFear.(你們會(huì)聽到Evers、?FannieLouHamer和?VernonDahmer的故事，你們還會(huì)聽到許多男人、女人和孩子為獲得平等地位而斗爭(zhēng)的故事。展品包括一個(gè)“有色人種入口”的標(biāo)志，用于射擊Evers的槍支，一面被燒毀的十字架，以及1966年反對(duì)恐懼游行的一個(gè)鈕扣)”可推知，Evers在爭(zhēng)取平等的斗爭(zhēng)中獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whetheryoulikehistoryorsimplylearningsomethingnew,thesefourmuseumsareworthpayingavisitto.(無論你是喜歡歷史還是只是想學(xué)習(xí)新的東西，這四個(gè)博物館都值得一游)”可推知，作者主要的寫作目的是向讀者推薦美國(guó)四家博物館，希望大家前去參觀。故選A。BElmProfessionalServicesownerMiaVanTubberghhadplentyofbusinesssmarts—butnosocialmediaknowhow.Sosheturnedtotheyoungergenerationandtookonthetwohighschoolstudentswhoknewtheirstuff.“Socialmediaisforeigntomanyolderprofessionals—butveryimportantforconnectingwithtoday’scustomers,”MsVanTubberghsaid.“Wehavethisworkforcesittinginschoolsdoingthisalreadybutthey’redoingitforfun.”MsVanTubbergh’scompany,whichhelpslaunchproductstomarket,tookthenYear10studentsBraithMansfieldandTahmanaRudolphonfortwoweeks’workexperience. MsVanTubberghsaidwithabitofguidanceandhelpwithspellingandpresentinginaprofessionalenvironment,theboysnowdoabout80%ofElm’ssocialmediamarketingworkforonlinecustomers.ThepairworkonedayaweekwithElmatGosfordandtherestatKariongHighSchool.Theirdutiesincludestand-alonepostsonsocialmediaplatforms,videos,storiesandwebsiteheaders.Theyrecentlyfinishedahardcopyflyer（傳單）foramajorretailerthatwillbeseenbyeveryconsumerwhovisitsthewebsite.“Iamsoimpressedbytheperformanceofthetwoteenagers,whohavehelpedgrowthecompany’ssocialmediafollowingby600%,”saidMsVanTubbergh.“Braith,17,andTahmana,16—nowinYear11—cameintothebusinesswithalotofunexploredsocialmediaexperience.WorkingatElmhasprovidedthemwitha‘digitalplatformofworkthatisworthitsweightingold’—avaluableresourcetheycanshowotheremployerswhenstartingafull-timecareer.”BraithandRudolphareamong42NSWCentralCoaststudentsdoingYear11and12aspartofaSchool-BasedApprenticeshipandTraining（SBAT）program.NSWEducationSBATstrategicofficerCecileOakessaidtheyneededmorecompanieslikeElmtotakeonstudentsandgivethemthebenefitofrealworldexperience.4.WhydidElmProfessionalServiceshireBraithandRudolph?A.Theyhaveplentyofbusinesssmarts.B.Theyhopetogainvaluableworkexperience.C.Theyhopetogetpaidandbecomefinanciallyindependent.D.Theycanhelptogrowthecompany’ssocialmediafollowing.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thetwoteenagers’roleinElm.B.Elm’ssocialmediamarketingwork.C.Thetwoteenagers’unexpectedgainsinElm.D.Elm’sguidanceandhelptothetwoteenagers.6.WhatdoMsVanTubbergh’swordsinthefourthparagraphsuggest?A.Shewillrecommendthetwoteenagerstootheremployers.B.Thetwoteenagersshouldstartafull-timecareerupongraduation.C.Startingacareerinsocialmediaisawin-winforthetwoteenagersandthecompany.D.Thetwostudentshavenotyetexploredtheirsocialmediaexperience.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.NSWEducationSBATprogramhasbeenagreatsuccess.B.MoreNSWCentralCoaststudentsarelikelytobetakenon. C.NSWCentralCoaststudentshaverichrealworldexperience.D.BraithandRudolphwillcontinuetoworkforElmaftergraduation.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一家名為ElmProfessionalServices的公司聘請(qǐng)兩名高中生幫助公司的社交媒體營(yíng)銷工作，并獲得了良好的效果。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ElmProfessionalServicesownerMiaVanTubberghhadplentyofbusinesssmarts—butnosocialmediaknowhow.Sosheturnedtotheyoungergenerationandtookonthetwohighschoolstudentswhoknewtheirstuff.(ElmProfessionalServices公司的老板MiaVanTubbergh擁有豐富的商業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但卻不懂社交媒體。因此，她轉(zhuǎn)向年輕一代，并雇用了兩名懂社交媒體的高中生。)”以及第二段中“MsVanTubbergh’scompany,whichhelpslaunchproductstomarket,tookthenYear10studentsBraithMansfieldandTahmanaRudolphonfortwoweeks’workexperience.(VanTubbergh女士的公司幫助將產(chǎn)品推向市場(chǎng)，讓當(dāng)時(shí)10年級(jí)的學(xué)生BraithMansfield和TahmanaRudolph參加了為期兩周的工作體驗(yàn)。)”可知，MiaVanTubbergh擁有豐富的商業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但卻不懂社交媒體。因此，她轉(zhuǎn)向年輕一代，通過雇用兩名懂社交媒體的高中生?Braith和Rudolph來幫助將產(chǎn)品推向市場(chǎng)即?Braith和Rudolph可以幫助公司在社交媒體上增加粉絲，推廣產(chǎn)品。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theirdutiesincludestand-alonepostsonsocialmediaplatforms,videos,storiesandwebsiteheaders.Theyrecentlyfinishedahardcopyflyer（傳單）foramajorretailerthatwillbeseenbyeveryconsumerwhovisitsthewebsite.(他們的職責(zé)包括在社交媒體平臺(tái)上發(fā)布獨(dú)立的帖子、視頻、故事和網(wǎng)站標(biāo)題。他們最近為一家大型零售商制作了一份紙質(zhì)傳單，每個(gè)訪問該網(wǎng)站的消費(fèi)者都能看到。)”可知，這一段重點(diǎn)講述的是兩位少年在這家名為ElmProfessionalServices公司的工作角色。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Iamsoimpressedbytheperformanceofthetwoteenagers,whohavehelpedgrowthecompany’ssocialmediafollowingby600%,”saidMsVanTubbergh.(VanTubbergh女士說:“這兩位青少年的表現(xiàn)給我留下了深刻的印象，他們幫助公司的社交媒體粉絲增長(zhǎng)了600%。”)”以及“WorkingatElmhasprovidedthemwitha‘digitalplatformofworkthatisworthitsweightingold’—avaluableresourcetheycanshowotheremployerswhenstartingafull-timecareer.(在Elm工作為他們提供了一個(gè)“價(jià)值千金的工作數(shù)字平臺(tái)”，這是他們?cè)陂_始全職工作時(shí)可以向其他雇主展示的寶貴資源。)”可知，兩位青少年幫助公司的社交媒體粉絲增長(zhǎng)了選600% ；同時(shí)公司也為他們提供了一個(gè)“價(jià)值千金的工作數(shù)字平臺(tái)”，這是他們?cè)陂_始全職工作時(shí)可以向其他雇主展示的寶貴資源，即開始在社交媒體上的職業(yè)生涯對(duì)這兩個(gè)青少年和公司來說是雙贏的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“NSWEducationSBATstrategicofficerCecileOakessaidtheyneededmorecompanieslikeElmtotakeonstudentsandgivethemthebenefitofrealworldexperience.(新南威爾士州教育局戰(zhàn)略官員塞西爾·奧克斯表示，他們需要更多像Elm這樣公司來招收學(xué)生，并為他們提供真實(shí)世界的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知，更多像Elm這樣的公司會(huì)招收學(xué)生，因此接下來會(huì)有更多的學(xué)生被企業(yè)聘用。故選B。CHaveyounoticedthatastimegoesonandtechnologyadvances,thingsseemtokeepgettingsmallerandsmaller?That’sespeciallytruewiththatmachinewecallthe“computer.”Whatexactlyisacomputer?Webster’sCollegiateDictionarydefinesacomputeras“ausuallyprogrammableelectronicdevicethatcanstore,retrieve(檢索),andprocessdata.”O(jiān)thersthinkacomputerasanythingthattransformsinformationinameaningfulway.Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetriedtoimprovetheirlivesbyinventingmachinestomakecertaintaskseasier.Somepeoplebelieveasimplemechanicaldevicecalledan“abacus”wasoneoftheearliestformsofacomputer.Ancientpeopleusedthedevicetoperformsimplecalculations(計(jì)算).Archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)havefoundevidencethattheancientGreeksusedtheabacusasearlyasthe5thcenturyB.C.Moderncomputersweredevelopedmuchmorerecently.Thefirstmodernelectroniccomputer—knownastheElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputerorENIAC—becameoperationalin1946.Weighingmorethan30tons,ENIACtookupasmuchspaceas1,800squarefeet.Sincethen,computershavebecomemuchsmallerandmuchmorepowerful.WhileENIACcouldperform5,000additionproblemspersecond,manyoftoday’slaptopcomputersweighjustafewpoundsandcanperformseveralbillionoperationspersecond.Today’scomputerskeepgettingsmallerandsmaller.Largedesktopcomputersgavewaytolaptops.Laptopshavedevelopedintoawidevarietyofevensmallercomputingdevices,suchasnetbooksandtabletcomputers.Manypeopleevencarrycomputerswiththemeverywheretheygo.Smartphones,orcellphones,fiteasilyintoapocketandallowtheiruserstomaketelephonecalls,surftheInternetandconductbusiness.Sowhat’sthesmallestcomputeravailabletoday?Asof2015,thesmallestcomputerisjustonecubicmillimeter.However,today’scomputermanufacturersareconstantlyproducingnewerandsmallermodelsataratetoofasttokeepupwith.Whateveristhesmallesttodaywillprobablybereplacedwithsomethingevensmallertomorrow!8.Howdoestheauthororganizethetext? A.Intheorderoftime.B.Intheorderofspace.C.Byraisingquestionsandansweringthem.D.Byanalyzingreasonsandthendrawingaconclusion.9.Whatcanweknowabout“abacus”fromParagraph3?A.ItwasinventedbyAncientGreeks.B.ItwaswidelyusedinAncientGreece.C.Itcouldcarryoutvarioustoughtasks.D.Itwasamongtheearliestformsofcomputer.10.WhydoestheauthortakeENIACasanexample?A.Tocompareitwithancientcomputers.B.Totellreadershowlargeearliercomputerswere.C.Toshowreadershowpowerfulthefirstcomputerwas.D.Toexplaintoreadershowmoderncomputersoperated.11.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatexactlyisacomputer?B.Whatisthesmallestcomputer?C.Whatwouldfuturecomputersbelike?D.Howdidthecomputercomeintobeing?【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的特點(diǎn)。從史前時(shí)期的算盤，到體積如1,800平方英尺的ENIAC，再到今天的便攜式智能手機(jī)和一立方毫米的微型計(jì)算機(jī)，計(jì)算機(jī)越來越小，同時(shí)功能越來越強(qiáng)大。作者通過舉例說明了計(jì)算機(jī)大小和性能的變化，并暗示未來計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Somepeoplebelieveasimplemechanicaldevicecalledan“abacus”wasoneoftheearliestformsofacomputer.Ancientpeopleusedthedevicetoperformsimplecalculations(計(jì)算).Archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)havefoundevidencethattheancientGreeksusedtheabacusasearlyasthe5thcenturyB.C.(有些人認(rèn)為，一種叫做“算盤”的簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械裝置是計(jì)算機(jī)的最早形式之一。古人用算盤進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算。考古學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明，古希臘人早在公元前5世紀(jì)就使用算盤了。)”以及第四段中“Moderncomputersweredevelopedmuchmorerecently.Thefirstmodernelectroniccomputer—knownastheElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputerorENIAC—becameoperationalin1946.Weighingmorethan30tons,ENIACtookupasmuchspaceas1,800squarefeet.?(現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)是最近才發(fā)展起來的。第一臺(tái)現(xiàn)代電子計(jì)算機(jī)——電子數(shù)字積分器和計(jì)算機(jī)(簡(jiǎn)稱eniac)——于1946年投入使用。ENIAC重達(dá)30多噸，占據(jù)了1800平方英尺的空間。)”以及第五段中“Today’scomputerskeepgettingsmallerandsmaller.Largedesktop computersgavewaytolaptops.?(今天的電腦變得越來越小。大型臺(tái)式電腦讓位于筆記本電腦。)”以及最后一段中“Sowhat’sthesmallestcomputeravailabletoday?Asof2015,thesmallestcomputerisjustonecubicmillimeter.(那么現(xiàn)在市面上最小的電腦是什么?截至2015年，最小的電腦只有1立方毫米。)”可知，本文從古代的計(jì)算機(jī)abacus講到了第一部現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)ENIAC，接下來講到了今天的計(jì)算機(jī)，結(jié)尾還提到未來計(jì)算機(jī)會(huì)變得更小、更強(qiáng)大。由此推斷，本文作者是按照時(shí)間順序行文的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Somepeoplebelieveasimplemechanicaldevicecalledan‘a(chǎn)bacus’wasoneoftheearliestformsofacomputer.(有些人認(rèn)為，一種叫做“算盤”的簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械裝置是計(jì)算機(jī)的最早形式之一。)”可知，abacus是計(jì)算機(jī)的最早形式之一。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Weighingmorethan30tons,ENIACtookupasmuchspaceas1,800squarefeet.Sincethen,computershavebecomemuchsmallerandmuchmorepowerful.?(ENIAC重達(dá)30多噸，占據(jù)了1800平方英尺的空間。從那時(shí)起，計(jì)算機(jī)變得越來越小，越來越強(qiáng)大。)”以及第五段中“Today’scomputerskeepgettingsmallerandsmaller.?(今天的電腦變得越來越小。)”可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，計(jì)算機(jī)變得越來越小。而作者以ENIAC為例，目的是要告訴讀者，早期的計(jì)算機(jī)有多么龐大，從而進(jìn)一步點(diǎn)明“計(jì)算機(jī)越來越小”這一主題。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Haveyounoticedthatastimegoesonandtechnologyadvances,thingsseemtokeepgettingsmallerandsmaller?That’sespeciallytruewiththatmachinewecallthe“computer.”(你有沒有注意到，隨著時(shí)間的推移和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，東西似乎變得越來越小?對(duì)于我們稱之為“計(jì)算機(jī)”的機(jī)器來說尤其如此。)”以及通讀全文可知，本文介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的特點(diǎn)。從史前時(shí)期的算盤，到體積如1,800平方英尺的ENIAC，再到今天的便攜式智能手機(jī)和一立方毫米的微型計(jì)算機(jī)，計(jì)算機(jī)越來越小，同時(shí)功能越來越強(qiáng)大。作者通過舉例說明了計(jì)算機(jī)大小和性能的變化，并暗示未來計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。最終表明無論計(jì)算機(jī)變得多么小，它的作用將一如既往地發(fā)揮，故文章的主旨是計(jì)算機(jī)變得越來越小。B選項(xiàng)“Whatisthesmallestcomputer?(最小的電腦是什么?)”概括文章主旨大意，符合標(biāo)題。故選B。DAlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意調(diào)查).SewagewasdumpedintowatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesfornearly8,500hourslastyear.Andtherewere1,504discharges(排出)in2022onbeachessupposedtobefreefromsuchpollution. Thepollspoketo2,272UKadultsbetween21and23onJuly.Justover30%saidtheytypicallywentseaswimmingduringthesummer,andofthese23%saidtheywouldnotthisyearbecauseofsewagedumpingbywatercompanies.MorethantwoinfiveoftheregularbeachgoersalsosaidtheywerelesslikelytovisittheBritishseasidethissummerbecauseofsewagedischarges.TheDepartmentforEnvironmentsaysgovernmentshouldallowtheEnvironmentAgencytochargeunlimitedfinesonrule-breakingwatercompanies.Finesarecurrentlycapped(上限)at￡250,000.TheDepartmentforEnvironmenthasbeencallingforasewagetaxonannualprofitsandabanonbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.“Coastalcommunitiesareatthemercyofwatercompanieswhounapologeticallydischargerawsewageintopopularswimmingspots,”TimFarron,theDepartmentforEnvironment’sspokespersonsaid.“Thegovernmentneedstostoplettingwatercompaniesoffthehookandfinallybantheseterriblesewagedischargesanddefendourtourismsector.”AWaterUKspokespersonsaidstandardsatbeacheshadgreatlyimprovedsincethe1990sbutthattheindustryrecognizedithadbeenslowtodealwiththeharmtoourseascausedbysewageoverflows.“Overthenextsevenyears,waterandseweragecompaniesplantospend￡10bn—doublingcurrentlevelsofinvestment—onsewagetreatment,”theysaid.“Aspartofthis,bathingwaterswillbeamongthefirsttoreceivefunding.”12.Whatdoesthepollshow?A.Watercompaniesdumpedthemostsewageintowaterslastyear.B.ManyswimmersavoidthewateroverfearsofsewageonUKbeaches.C.WatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesarenotseriouslypolluted.D.OvertwofifthsoftheregularbeachgoersinUKarebetween21and23.13.WhatsuggestiondoestheDepartmentforEnvironmentmaketothegovernment?A.Reducingbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.B.Shuttingdownthoserule-breakingwatercompanies.C.Finingrule-breakingwatercompaniesatleast￡250,000.D.Introducingasewagetaxonwatercompanies’yearlyprofits.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“offthehook”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Developslowly.B.Improvetoofast.C.Freeofresponsibility.D.Attractpublicattention.15.Inwhichsectionofthewebsitecanyouprobablyreadthetext?AEnvironment.B.Lifestyle.C.Fitness.D.Business.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A 【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹的是英國(guó)出現(xiàn)了污水危機(jī)，自來水公司向河流和海洋排放了太多的污水，為此，四分之一的游泳者可能不會(huì)在海里游泳?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“AlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意調(diào)查).(一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查顯示，由于自來水公司的污水排放，英國(guó)近四分之一的海泳者今年可能不會(huì)在海里游泳。)”以及第二段中的“Justover30%saidtheytypicallywentseaswimmingduringthesummer,andofthese23%saidtheywouldnotthisyearbecauseofsewagedumpingbywatercompanies.(超過30%的人表示，他們通常在夏天去海里游泳，其中23%的人表示，由于自來水公司的污水排放，他們今年不會(huì)去游泳。)”可知，民意調(diào)查顯示，由于擔(dān)心英國(guó)海灘上的未經(jīng)處理的污水，許多游泳者不愿下水游泳，由此可知，許多游泳者因?yàn)閾?dān)心英國(guó)海灘上的污水而避免下水。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheDepartmentforEnvironmenthasbeencallingforasewagetaxonannualprofitsandabanonbonusesofwatercompanymanagers.(英國(guó)環(huán)境部一直呼吁對(duì)年度利潤(rùn)征收污水稅，并禁止水務(wù)公司經(jīng)理的獎(jiǎng)金。)”可知，環(huán)境部建議政府對(duì)水務(wù)公司的年度利潤(rùn)征收污水稅。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語前的““Coastalcommunitiesareatthemercyofwatercompanieswhounapologeticallydischargerawsewageintopopularswimmingspots,”TimFarron,theDepartmentforEnvironment’sspokespersonsaid.(英國(guó)環(huán)境部發(fā)言人蒂姆·法倫說：“沿海社區(qū)任由水務(wù)公司擺布，他們毫無歉意地將未經(jīng)處理的污水排放到熱門的游泳場(chǎng)所?！?”可知，水務(wù)公司毫無歉意地將未經(jīng)處理的污水排放到熱門的游泳場(chǎng)所，結(jié)合劃線短語所在的句子“Thegovernmentneedstostoplettingwatercompanies…(政府需要停止讓水務(wù)公司)”可知，政府應(yīng)停止水務(wù)公司的這種“毫無歉意地”把污水排放到熱門的游泳場(chǎng)所，由此可知，劃線短語的意思與“毫無歉意的行為”的意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“AlmostaquarteroftheUK’sseaswimmersmaynotswimintheoceanthisyearbecauseofsewage(污水)dumpingbywatercompanies,accordingtoapoll(民意調(diào)查).SewagewasdumpedintowatersnearEngland’smostcelebratedbeachesfornearly8,500hourslastyear.Andtherewere1,504discharges(排出)in2022onbeachessupposedtobefreefromsuchpollution.(一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查顯示，由于自來水公司的污水排放，英國(guó)近四分之一的海泳者今年可能不會(huì)在海里游泳。去年，污水被傾倒到英國(guó)最著名的海灘附近的水域近8500個(gè)小時(shí)。2022年，在本應(yīng)沒有此類污染的海灘上，有1,504次排放。) ”可知，民意調(diào)查表明，由于稅務(wù)局將未經(jīng)處理的污水排放到海灘附近，致使游泳者遠(yuǎn)離英國(guó)的海灘，結(jié)合下文中的介紹的英國(guó)環(huán)境部向政府的提議可知，這類內(nèi)容最可能出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站中的環(huán)境一欄。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itmakestheworldgoround.Itteacheslessons,makespeoplefeelwarm,andsometimescausespain.____16____That’sright—we’retalkingaboutthekneeshaking,palmsweating,heartpoundingfeelingoflove!Therearemanytypesoflove.Mostpeoplefeelloveformembersoftheirfamily—thislong-termconnectionisoftencalledattachment.Theymayfeelthissameemotiontowardfriendsorevenpets.____17____Thesefeelingsarequitedifferentfromthosepeoplefeelforfamilyandfriends.Sometimes,theseinitialfeelingsgrowintolong-termlovesimilartothatfeltinfamilies.Whydopeoplefeellove?Manyexpertsbelieveit’srootedinsurvival.Afterall,mostpeoplefirstfeelloveforfamilymembersorcaretakers.____18____Especiallyforchildren,thisisamajoradvantageforsurvival.Laterinlife,whenpeoplestarttoloveromanticpartners,thisisdrivenbysimilarneeds.____19____Itcanreducestressandlowerbloodpressure.Spendingtimewithlovedonescanalsoleadtoalongerlifespan.Infact,closefamilyandcommunityrelationshipsisonefactorthatmayhelppeoplelivelonger.Withallthistalkaboutlove,maybesomeone,youcareaboutisonyourmind.Howcanyoushowsomeoneyoulovethem?Thereareplentyofways!Youcanconveylovebyshowingappreciation,givingpraises,andbeingagoodlistener.Sharing,doingsmallfavors,orgivingahugcanalsoshowapersonyoucare.____20____Ifyoucareaboutsomeone,tellthemso.Makingacardorwritingthemalettercanalsobegreatwaystosharelove.Ifyou’renotsurewhattodo,justaskyourself:Whatactionsmakeyoufeelloved?A.Ofcourse,wordsworkjustfine,too!B.Manypeoplesayit’salltheyneedinlife.C.Seeingsomeoneyoulovecancauseincreasedheartrate.D.Familiesandclosefriendstakecareofandprotecteachother.E.Scientistshavefoundthatlovemayalsohaveseveralhealthbenefits.F.Adifferenttypeofloveexistsbetweenromanticcouplesandlifepartners.G.Thatmayexplainwhypeopleinlovesometimesdescribelessdesiretoeatorsleep!【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。什么是愛？愛是如何運(yùn)作的？本文講述了愛背后的科學(xué)。 【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itmakestheworldgoround.Itteacheslessons,makespeoplefeelwarm,andsometimescausespain.(它使世界運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。它能給人經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，讓人感到溫暖，有時(shí)也會(huì)帶來痛苦)”以及后文“That’sright—we’retalkingaboutthekneeshaking,palmsweating,heartpoundingfeelingoflove!(沒錯(cuò)，我們說的是那種膝蓋顫抖、手心冒汗、心跳加速的愛的感覺！)”可知，本句與空格前兩句意義上是順承關(guān)系，說明“愛”的特征。故B選項(xiàng)“很多人說這就是他們生活中所需要的”符合語境，故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therearemanytypesoflove.Mostpeoplefeelloveformembersoftheirfamily—thislong-termconnectionisoftencalledattachment.Theymayfeelthissameemotiontowardfriendsorevenpets.(愛有很多種。大多數(shù)人對(duì)自己的家庭成員感到愛——這種長(zhǎng)期的聯(lián)系通常被稱為依戀。他們對(duì)朋友甚至寵物也會(huì)有同樣的情緒)”可知，該段首先講述了對(duì)親人、朋友等的愛，接下來講述情侶之間的愛情。由此推斷，選項(xiàng)F“浪漫的情侶和生活伴侶之間存在著一種不同類型的愛”起承上啟下作用，符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Manyexpertsbelieveit’srootedinsurvival.Afterall,mostpeoplefirstfeelloveforfamilymembersorcaretakers.(許多專家認(rèn)為這源于生存。畢竟，大多數(shù)人首先感受到的是對(duì)家庭成員或照顧者的愛)”提到許多專家認(rèn)為，愛的根源在于生存，故接下來是對(duì)這句話作解釋說明。選項(xiàng)D意思是“家人和親密的朋友互相照顧和保護(hù)”，這與前一句意義一致，且與后一句意義上存在因果關(guān)系。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanreducestressandlowerbloodpressure.Spendingtimewithlovedonescanalsoleadtoalongerlifespan.Infact,closefamilyandcommunityrelationshipsisonefactorthatmayhelppeoplelivelonger.(它可以減輕壓力，降低血壓。花時(shí)間和愛的人在一起也能延長(zhǎng)壽命。事實(shí)上，親密的家庭和社區(qū)關(guān)系可能是幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽的一個(gè)因素)”可知，后文提到愛可以減輕壓力，降低血壓。花時(shí)間和愛的人在一起也能延長(zhǎng)壽命。事實(shí)上，親密的家庭和社區(qū)關(guān)系可能是幫助人們長(zhǎng)壽的一個(gè)因素。即愛對(duì)健康也有好處。故選項(xiàng)E“科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，愛也可能對(duì)健康有益”最能概括該段大意。故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Withallthistalkaboutlove,maybesomeone,youcareaboutisonyourmind.Howcanyoushowsomeoneyoulovethem?Thereareplentyofways!Youcanconveylovebyshowingappreciation,givingpraises,andbeingagoodlistener.Sharing,doingsmallfavors,orgivingahugcanalsoshowapersonyoucare.(說了這么多關(guān)于愛的話題，也許你心里還惦記著某個(gè)你在乎的人。你如何向別人表達(dá)你的愛呢？有很多方法！你可以通過表達(dá)感激、贊美和做一個(gè)好的傾聽者來表達(dá)愛。分享，幫個(gè)小忙，或者給一個(gè)擁抱都可以表達(dá)你的關(guān)心)”可知，最后一段說的是如何表達(dá)愛，空格前介紹了幾種表達(dá)愛的方式。選項(xiàng)A “當(dāng)然，語言文字也很管用！”說的是表達(dá)愛的另外一種方式——愛就說出來。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afewyearsago,AndyDavisandhiswifedecidedtoridetheirbikesacrossthecountry.Theyspentmonths____21____andplanningfortheiradventure.Butonedayjustafewmonthsbeforetheyweregoingto____22____,Davisfeltanintensepainacrosshis____23____.Hewassoondiagnosedwithheartfailure,aseriousconditioninwhichtheheartcannolonger____24____bloodefficiently.“Itwas____25____becauseIwassofit,andjustacouplemonthslaterIcouldhardly____26____,”hesaid.Hisdoctorstoldhimthattheonlywayhe’d____27____waswithanewheart.ByNovember,Daviswasplacedonahearttransplantlist—a/an____28____thatcantakemonths,ifnotyears.“Youdon’tknowifyou’regoingtogetaheart,”hesaid.“You____29____hope.”ButDavis’conditionquicklyworsened,andfor11days,hewaskept____30____withaballoonpumpplacedinsidehisheart.Onthe12thday,Daviswas____31____learnthatanewheartwasonitsway.ItwouldcomefromawifeandmothernamedSarahIvy.Today,Davismarvelsthatheisstillalive.Andheisfilledwith____32____forIvyandherfamily,whogavehimthegiftoflifeinatimeof____33____.Davisandhiswifearenowconsidering____34____thatcross-countrybicycletrip.Andontheway,theyplantomeetIvy’sfamilyforthefirsttime,tothankthem____35____.21.A.studyingB.trainingC.workingD.struggling22.A.startB.quitC.winD.return23.A.shoulderB.chestC.armD.leg24.A.donateB.produceC.pumpD.seek25.A.unbelievableB.availableC.professionalD.optional 26.A.stayupB.getaroundC.settledownD.joinin27.A.competeB.performC.surviveD.react28.A.operationB.examinationC.gameD.wait29.A.alsoB.evenC.againD.just30.A.athleticB.aliveC.attractiveD.joyful31.A.excitedB.eagerC.curiousD.patient32.A.embarrassmentB.disappointmentC.gratitudeD.satisfaction33.A.sadnessB.faithC.reliefD.concern34.A.spendingB.takingC.cancelingD.promoting35.A.inreturnB.insecretC.inpersonD.inpublic【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了戴維斯和妻子本來決定騎自行車橫穿全國(guó)，結(jié)果戴維斯查出了心力衰竭，病情迅速惡化，生命危在旦夕，最后幸虧得到了一個(gè)名叫莎拉·艾薇的人的捐贈(zèng)，戴維斯活了下來。最后戴維斯和妻子繼續(xù)騎行全國(guó)這一計(jì)劃，并計(jì)劃當(dāng)面感謝艾薇的家人。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間訓(xùn)練和計(jì)劃他們的冒險(xiǎn)。A.studying學(xué)習(xí)；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.working工作；D.struggling努力。根據(jù)上文“Afewyearsago,AndyDavisandhiswifedecidedtoridetheirbikesacrossthecountry.(幾年前，安迪·戴維斯和他的妻子決定騎自行車橫穿全國(guó))”此處指為這次冒險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。故選B。 【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但就在他們開始前幾個(gè)月的一天，戴維斯感到胸口一陣劇痛。A.start開始；B.quit停止；C.win獲勝；D.return返回。根據(jù)上文“Butonedayjustafewmonthsbeforetheyweregoingto”可知，指他們開始這次冒險(xiǎn)之前，戴維斯胸口疼。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但就在他們開始前幾個(gè)月的一天，戴維斯感到胸口一陣劇痛。A.shoulder肩膀；B.chest胸膛，胸口；C.arm胳膊；D.leg腿。根據(jù)后文“Hewassoondiagnosedwithheartfailure(他很快被診斷出患有心力衰竭)”可知是胸口疼。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他很快被診斷出患有心力衰竭，這是一種嚴(yán)重的疾病，心臟不能再有效地泵血。A.donate捐贈(zèng)；B.produce產(chǎn)生；C.pump泵；D.seek尋找。根據(jù)上文“Hewassoondiagnosedwithheartfailure(他很快被診斷出患有心力衰竭)”可知心力衰竭表明心臟不能再有效地泵血。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“這太不可思議了，因?yàn)槲冶緛砗芙】?，但幾個(gè)月后我就幾乎不能到處走動(dòng)了?！盇.unbelievable難以置信的；B.available可獲得的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.optional可選擇的。根據(jù)后文“becauseIwassofit”可知，戴維斯認(rèn)為自己很健康，結(jié)果得了心力衰竭，感到不可思議。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他說：“這太不可思議了，因?yàn)槲冶緛砗芙】?，但幾個(gè)月后我就幾乎不能到處走動(dòng)了?！盇.stayup熬夜；B.getaround走動(dòng)；C.settledown安定下來；D.joinin加入。根據(jù)上文可知他心力衰竭，因此不能再四處走動(dòng)了，故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的醫(yī)生告訴他，唯一能讓他活下來的辦法就是換個(gè)新心臟。A.compete比賽；B.perform表演；C.survive幸存；D.react反應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“waswithanewheart”以及后文移植心臟可知，唯一能讓他活下來的辦法就是換個(gè)新心臟。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到了11月，戴維斯被列入了心臟移植的等待名單——這可能需要幾個(gè)月，甚至幾年的時(shí)間。A.operation手術(shù)；B.examination檢查；C.game游戲；D.wait等待。根據(jù)后文“thatcantakemonths,ifnotyears”可知，他被列入了心臟移植的等待名單，可能等待需要幾個(gè)月，甚至幾年的時(shí)間。故選D。【29題詳解】 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你只是希望而已。A.also也；B.even甚至；C.again再次；D.just只是。根據(jù)上文“Youdon’tknowifyou’regoingtogetaheart(你不知道自己能否得到心臟)”可知，無法知道自己能否得到心臟，只能抱有希望。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但戴維斯的病情迅速惡化，在11天的時(shí)間里，他靠放置在心臟里的氣球泵維持生命。A.athletic運(yùn)動(dòng)的；B.alive活著的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.joyful快樂的。根據(jù)后文“withaballoonpumpplacedinsidehisheart”可知，他靠心臟里的氣球泵活著。故選B。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：第12天，戴維斯興奮地得知一個(gè)新的心臟即將到來。A.excited激動(dòng)的；B.eager渴望的；C.curious好奇的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)earnthatanewheartwasonitsway”可知得知自己有了新心臟戴維斯感到興奮。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)艾薇和她的家人充滿感激之情，他們?cè)谒瘋臅r(shí)候給了他生命的禮物。A.embarrassment尷尬；B.disappointment失望；C.gratitude感激；D.satisfaction滿足。根據(jù)后文“tothankthem”可知他對(duì)艾薇和她的家人充滿感激之情，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)艾薇和她的家人充滿感激之情，他們?cè)谒瘋臅r(shí)候給了他生命的禮物。A.sadness悲傷；B.faith信念；C.relief安慰；D.concern關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文可知戴維斯得了心力衰竭，一直再等待心臟移植，所以是悲傷的時(shí)候。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：戴維斯和他的妻子正在考慮進(jìn)行一次越野自行車旅行。A.spending花費(fèi)；B.taking帶走；C.canceling取消；D.promoting促進(jìn)。根據(jù)第一段“Afewyearsago,AndyDavisandhiswifedecidedtoridetheirbikesacrossthecountry.”以及后文“thatcross-countrybicycletrip”此處指戴維斯和他的妻子正在考慮進(jìn)行一次越野自行車旅行。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：在路上，他們計(jì)劃第一次見到艾薇的家人，當(dāng)面感謝他們。A.inreturn作為回報(bào)；B.insecret秘密地；C.inperson親自，當(dāng)面；D.inpublic公開地。根據(jù)上文“theyplantomeetIvy’sfamilyforthefirsttime,tothankthem”可知，他們計(jì)劃去見艾薇的家人，是為了當(dāng)面感謝他們。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FormanylocalsinLanzhou,GansuProvince,thedaybeginswithahot,steamingbowlofbeefnoodles. Currently,thereareover1,600shops____36____(sell)LanzhoubeefnoodlesinthisancientcityonthebanksoftheYellowRiver,withannualsalesestimatedatmorethan$58billion.The____37____(early)Lanzhouclear-soupbeefnoodlesdevelopedfromChenWeijing’sLaoTangbeefnoodlesfromHenanProvinceduringtheJiaqingperiodoftheQingDynasty.ThenMaLiuqifromGansulearned____38____ChenhowtomakethebeefnoodlesandbroughtittoLanzhou.This____39____(follow)byChenHesheng,MaBaoziandotherswhoestablishedthestandardofLanzhoubeefnoodlesandcarrieditforward.Lanzhoubeefnoodlescanbeclassified(分類)intomorethan10types____40____(base)ontheirthickness,witheachtypehavingitsownname.Thenoodletypesaredeterminedbythedifferentagegroupstheyare____41____(suit)for.Forexample,thethinnernoodlesareidealforolderpeopleastheyareeasiertochew.Youngpeoplehavea____42____(prefer)forthethickerandwidernoodles.Forover200years,thisbowlofbeefnoodles____43____(become)world-famousforitstendermeatandtastysoup,aswellasitsfinenoodletexture.NowGansuProvinceisconsideringpassing____44____lawrelatedtoLanzhoubeefnoodles,_____45_____isbelievedtoprovidelegalprotectionfortheindustrytoachievehigherqualityinproduction,businessoperationandservices.【答案】36.selling37.earliest38.from39.wasfollowed40.based41.suitable42.preference43.hasbecome44.a45.which【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了蘭州牛肉面的歷史、風(fēng)味和發(fā)展?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：目前，在這個(gè)黃河之濱的古城，出售蘭州牛肉面的有1600多家店鋪，年銷售額估計(jì)超過580億美元。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，sell與邏輯主語over1,600shops之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填selling?！?7題詳解】考查最高級(jí)。句意：最早的蘭州清湯牛肉面是由清代嘉慶年間河南陳維敬的老湯牛肉面發(fā)展而來的。根據(jù)上文定冠詞以及句意“最早的”可知應(yīng)用最高級(jí)。故填earliest?！?8題詳解】 考查介詞。句意：后來，甘肅人馬六七從陳那里學(xué)到了牛肉面的制作方法，并把牛肉面帶到了蘭州。短語learnfromsb.表示“向某人學(xué)習(xí)”。故填from?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：隨后，陳鶴生、馬保子等人創(chuàng)立了蘭州牛肉面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并將其發(fā)揚(yáng)光大。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文established可知為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，謂語用單數(shù)。故填wasfollowed?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：蘭州牛肉面根據(jù)厚度可以分為10多種，每種都有自己的名字。短語bebasedon表示“根據(jù)……；以……為基礎(chǔ)”，此處過去分詞作狀語。故填based。【41題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：面條的種類取決于它們適合的不同年齡組?？崭裰兴顔卧~在句中作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞suitable。故填suitable?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：年輕人更喜歡更粗更寬的面條。空格中所填單詞在句中作have的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞preference。故填preference?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：200多年來，這碗牛肉面以肉質(zhì)細(xì)嫩、湯汁鮮美、面質(zhì)細(xì)膩而聞名于世。此處“for+一段時(shí)間”作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為thisbowlofbeefnoodles，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbecome?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：目前，甘肅省正在考慮通過一項(xiàng)與蘭州牛肉面有關(guān)的法律，這被認(rèn)為是為行業(yè)提供法律保護(hù)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)和服務(wù)質(zhì)量。law這里泛指一部法律，且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，故填不定冠詞a。故填a?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：目前，甘肅省正在考慮通過一項(xiàng)與蘭州牛肉面有關(guān)的法律，這被認(rèn)為是為行業(yè)提供法律保護(hù)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)和服務(wù)質(zhì)量。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞alaw，并在從句中作主語，指物。故填which。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你所在學(xué)校本周六晚上將舉行詩詞比賽，并進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播（livebroadcast），你的英國(guó)網(wǎng)友布萊克夫婦對(duì)中國(guó)詩詞非常感興趣，請(qǐng)用英語給他們寫一封郵件，要點(diǎn)如下： 1．簡(jiǎn)要介紹詩詞比賽安排；2．邀請(qǐng)布萊克夫婦上網(wǎng)觀看。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.&Mrs.Black,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMr.&Mrs.Black,Goodnewsforyou!Apoetrycontestistobeheldfrom19:00to21:30inourschoolhallthisSaturdayevening,accompanyinglivebroadcastontheInternetatthesametime.Knowingthatyou’vegreatinterestinChineseliterature,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutowatchitlive.Apartfromtheintensecompetitionamongthecompetitors,therewillbevariousfully-preparedprograms,includingsinginganddancing,whichIbelievewillsurelycatchyourinterest.Idohopeyouwilljoinusonlineandsharethehappinesswithus.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國(guó)網(wǎng)友布萊克夫婦用英語寫一封郵件，向他們簡(jiǎn)要介紹學(xué)校本周六晚上舉行詩詞比賽并進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播的情況，并邀請(qǐng)布萊克夫婦上網(wǎng)觀看?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累與此同時(shí)：atthesametime→inthemeantime除……之外：apartfrom→inadditionto比賽：competition→contest各種各樣的：various→varietiesof2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句 原句：Knowingthatyou’vegreatinterestinChineseliterature,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutowatchitlive.拓展句：Iamwritingtoinviteyoutowatchitlive,sinceIknowthatyou’vegreatinterestinChineseliterature.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Apoetrycontestistobeheldfrom19:00to21:30inourschoolhallthisSaturdayevening,accompanyinglivebroadcastontheInternetatthesametime.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語）【高分句型2】Apartfromtheintensecompetitionamongthecompetitors,therewillbevariousfully-preparedprograms,includingsinginganddancing,whichIbelievewillsurelycatchyourinterest.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Lookingupattheblackskywithshiningstars,Ismiled.Thenextmorning,myTathraSurfLifesavingClubteammatesandIwouldbeginthefirstleg(賽程)oftheGeorgeBassSurfboatMarathon—thelongestandtoughestsurfboatraceintheworld.Oversevendaysandsevenlegs,we’drow190kmdowntheNSWcoast,startingatCorrigan’sBeachinBatemansBayandendinginCocoraBeach,Eden.Itwasacompetitionmy10teammatesandIhadbeentrainingtwoyearsfor.Atdawneachmorning,includingChristmasDay,we’dbeenstraightintotheboatandoutonthewater.Forthelastsixmonthswe’daddedingymsessions,too.SurfclubsfromalloverAustraliahadcometocompete.Whenourturncametosetoff,wereadiedourboat.“Wecandothis,ladies,”Icheered.Onthewater,wegaveiteverythingwehad.Myachingmusclesscreamedatmetostop,butIpushedthrough.Aftertwo-and-a-halfhours,wecrossedthelinefirstandwonthatleg.Overthenextthreedays,wewonanothertwoandlostone.Withthreeoffourwinsinthebag,onthefifthdaywewerehopeful.Weonlyneededonemorewintosecurethemarathon.Oursurfboatmarathonwinwassoclose—thendisasterstruck!Whenwemadeourwaybacktotheshoreline,thewaterbecameaggressivelyrough.Itwasnothingwehadn’trowedthroughbefore,sowekeptgoing.Buttheboatstartedtoshakeandsuddenly,itturnedside-onandonebyoneweleaptofftheboat,meincluded.Secondslater,the300kgsurfboatsuddenlyslammedontopofme.Mybodyimmediatelywentnumb(麻木).Emergencydoctorsracedover.Itwasdecided,duetotheseverityofmyinjuries,Ishouldbeairliftedtohospital.IwastakentoCanberrawhereIunderwenttests,includingCTscans,whoseresultsshowedIhadaspinal(頸椎)injury.Ireceivedanoperation.WhenIwokeup,thesurgeonvisited.“We’veinsertedmetalplates toputyourbacktogether,”hesaid.“We’llremovetheminaboutsixmonths.”注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ThesupportIreceivedwhileIwasinhospitalwasamazing.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Now,afterspendingtwomonthsinhospital,I’mbackathome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThesupportIreceivedwhileIwasinhospitalwasamazing.Withthemedicalstaff’shelp,Ipushedmyselfonestepatatime,determinedtogetbetter.Itwashard,butIknewit’dbeworthit.Mysurfboatteammateswereequallyamazing.Theybarelyleftmysideandtookturnsnursingme,encouragingmeandcomfortingme.AGoFundMepageraisedover$50,000tohelpcovermymedicalcosts,whichwastrulyunbelievable.Iwasconvincedafewbrokenboneswouldneverkeepmefrompursuingmydream.Now,afterspendingtwomonthsinhospital,I’mbackathome.Althoughthere’sstillalongwaytogobeforefullrecoveryandgettingbackonthewateragain,Iamresolvednottogiveupbuttocontinue.Mylifemaybeasunpredictableastheocean,butmyloveforsurfboatwillneverfadeaway.Fourmonthslater,thebigdayforthemetalplatetoberemovedfrommybodyultimatelycomes,accompaniedbythethrillingnewsthatwecankickoffpreparationsfornextGeorgeBassSurfboatMarathon.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開。作者和隊(duì)友一起參加他們?yōu)橹疁?zhǔn)備了兩年的喬治·巴斯沖浪船馬拉松賽時(shí)不幸傷到了頸椎，在醫(yī)護(hù)人員、隊(duì)友們和社會(huì)人士的精心照顧和鼓勵(lì)下，作者堅(jiān)定信念、努力恢復(fù)，成功康復(fù)并和隊(duì)友們準(zhǔn)備參加下一次的喬治·巴斯沖浪船馬拉松賽時(shí)。 【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我在醫(yī)院期間得到的支持是驚人的?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡咴卺t(yī)院里得到了什么樣的幫助。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“現(xiàn)在，在醫(yī)院住了兩個(gè)月后，我回到了家里。”可知，第二段可描寫作者出院后的恢復(fù)情況。2.續(xù)寫線索：醫(yī)護(hù)幫助——隊(duì)友陪護(hù)——募捐——絕不放棄——去金屬板——備賽3詞匯激活行為類①看護(hù)：nurse/lookafter/takecareof②鼓勵(lì)：encourage/hearten③阻止某人做某事：keepsbfromdoing/stopsb(from)doing/preventsb(from)doing情緒類①堅(jiān)定：determined/decisive②令人激動(dòng)的：thrilling/exciting【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]AGoFundMepageraisedover$50,000tohelpcovermymedicalcosts,whichwastrulyunbelievable.(運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)[高分句型2]Fourmonthslater,thebigdayforthemetalplatetoberemovedfrommybodyultimatelycomes,accompaniedbythethrillingnewsthatwecankickoffpreparationsfornextGeorgeBassSurfboatMarathon.(運(yùn)用了過去分詞作狀語和that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句)聽力1—5AACCA6—10ABACA11—15ACBCA16—20BCACB