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1、外文文獻資料（外文文件名：Defining,Modeling,andSolvingaRealUniversityCourseTimetablingProblem）IntroductionAswithmanyreallifeproblems,theuniversitycoursetimetablingproblemcanbemessyandcomplicated.Solvingtheuniversitycoursetimetablingprobleminvolvesmanypeoplecommuni

2、catingtotrytoachieveatimetablethatmeetsasetofrequirementsandgoals.AsexplainedinChapter3,theliteratureonautomatedtimetablingoftentakesagiventimetablingproblemandreducesittoamathematicaldefinition,whichcanthenbesolved.Inreality,thereisalotmoretoarealwor

3、ldtimetablingproblemthanwhatisrepresentedinsuchadefinition.Thetimetablingprocessislongandconsistsofmanystagesbeforethatofactuallyplacingcoursesintotimeslots.ThefirststageofsolvingaprobleminORinvolvesadetailedstudyofthesystem,identifyingspecificproblem

4、s,systemconstraints,andobjectivefunctions.Thischapterlooks,indetail,atthetimetablingproblematthefacultyofappliedscienceandengineeringattheUniversityofToronto(APSC).Theprocessdescribedistheonethattookplaceinordertocreatethetimetableforthe2006-2007schoo

5、lyear.Thisprocessshowshowrealworldproblemsareactuallymuchmorecomplicatedthanwhatappearsinamathematicalmodel.Aswell,adetailedanalysisofagivenproblemisasteptowardscreatingaproblemdefinition.Itallowsonetoidentifyalloftheprocessissues,constraints,restrict

6、ions,andgoals,therebyprovidingabaseofinformationthatmaybeincludedinaproblemdefinition.TheundergraduateprogramatAPSCconsistsoffouryearsofstudy.Thereare4000students,over1200ofwhicharefirstyears.Therearesevendepartmentsandninedegreeprogramstotaling79POSt

7、s1.Thereare219facultymembers,12buildings,and80labroomsthataremanagedinternally.ThefacultyusesasoftwareschedulingpackagethatispartoftheSyllabusPlussuiteofschedulingproducts.InparticularthesoftwareCoursePlanner(CP)isusedtoschedule,identifyissues,andsupp

8、ortdecisions.CPisasoftwarepackagethatusesseveralheuristicswhenscheduling.75%oftimetablesaredeliveredtotheindividualstudentconflict-free,basedonprogramstructure.Inthefollowingsections,wedescribethegoalsthatthetimetabletriestoachieve,theconstrai