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1、淺談綠色化學(xué)化工的發(fā)展摘要:對(duì)綠色化學(xué)化工的定義、原則、綠色度的定量化以及綠色化學(xué)研究中出現(xiàn)的“綠色非綠”等基本問題的發(fā)展及研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了綜述。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)綠色化學(xué)的基本原則是否需要做必要的補(bǔ)充、綠色化學(xué)是否應(yīng)該單獨(dú)成為一門學(xué)科,以及如何更加有效地定量描述和評(píng)價(jià)產(chǎn)品的綠色度(綠色化學(xué))和制造過程的綠色度(綠色化工)等基本問題進(jìn)行了探索和研究。研究結(jié)果認(rèn)為:綠色化學(xué)的十二原則仍然是今后綠色化學(xué)化工研究的指導(dǎo)原則,但應(yīng)增加設(shè)計(jì)并制備可回收并反復(fù)使用的物質(zhì),如催化劑、手性試劑等,以及使用過程強(qiáng)化及集成方法,改進(jìn)原有化工工藝,以提高生產(chǎn)效率和減少能耗等兩
2、條原則;綠色化學(xué)應(yīng)該成為一門獨(dú)立的學(xué)科而加以深入的研究和發(fā)展;綠色化學(xué)中的綠色度是可以量化的,但要根據(jù)不同的目標(biāo)選擇合適的評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)和方法;同時(shí)要特別注意研究和克服離子液體等綠色化學(xué)研究中出現(xiàn)的“綠色非綠”問題。關(guān)鍵詞:綠色化學(xué);綠色化學(xué)化工;綠色度定量化;綠色非綠DevelopmentandresearchonbasicissuesofgreenchemistryandchemicaltechnologyJIHongbing1,SHEYuanbin2(1SchoolofChemicalEngineering,SouthChinaUniversity
3、ofTechnology,Guangzhou510640,Guangdong,China;2InstituteofGreenChemistryandFfineCchemicals,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Beijing100022,China)Abstract:Thepaperfirstlyreviewsedthedevelopmentandresearchprogressofnthebasicissues,suchasdefinitionandprinciplesofgreenchemistryandchemi
4、caltechnologyaswellasquantitativedescriptionofgreennessextendand“non-greenproblems”intheresearchofgreenchemistryandchemicaltechnology,andsecondlyexploresdandstudiesdthequestions,aboveissuesbasedsuchashowtomakeanecessarycomplementaritiestheopresentbasicprinciples,i.e.,likethetw
5、elveprinciples,whetherthegreenchemistryshouldbeseparatedintoanindependentdisciplineornot,andhowtodescribeandevaluateeffectivelythegreennessextendofgreenproducts(greenchemistry)andgreenprocesses(greenchemicaltechnology).Intheviewofourpoints,tThetwelveprinciplesareconsideredwoul
6、dbestilltheguidingeprinciplestostudygreenchemistryaftertime,buttwonewprinciplescshouldbeadded,thatis,designandmanufactureofmaterialswhichcouldbereclaimedandusedtimeaftertime,suchascatalysts,chiralreagentsetc.et.al,aswellasimprovementofformerchemicalengineeringprocessesandtechn
7、iquecsbyusingprocessintensificationandintegrationetc.et.al..Greenchemistryandchemicaltechnologyshouldbeasanindependentdisciplinetobeasthatwecanstudiedinvestigateitmoredeeply.Thegreennessextendofproductsandprocessescouldbequantitativedescribed,butwemustchoosedifferentparameters
8、andmethodsmustbechosendependingondifferentobjectives.Inthesam