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皖豫名校聯(lián)盟2024屆高中畢業(yè)班第二次考試英語試卷考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwasthewomandoingwhenherbagwasstolen?A.Shewassleeping.B.Shewaslookingforaseat.C.Shewasreadingsomedocuments.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sir,someonestolemybag.M:Wheredidyouleaveit? W:IputitonthischairandIwassittingnexttoit.Iwasalittletiredandfellasleep.WhenIwokeup,mybagwasgone.Itcontainssomeimportantdocuments.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atahotel.C.Atanairport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,excuseme.Ihaveareservationforasingleroomfortonight.W:Underwhatname?M:It’sDavid.W:That’sright.Yes.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutTommy?A.Heeatsverylittle.B.Hetriestoloseweight.C.Hemaintainshisweightwell.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:MyfriendTommyeatslikeahorsebutstilldoesn’tgainanyweight,despitegettingoninyears.W:Luckyguy.Ieatlikeabirdbutstillhavetowatchmyweight.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Agreatbook.B.Presentsforfriends.C.Theirco-worker.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:LookwhatMarygaveme!Isn’tthisagreatbook?W:Yeah,itis!Maryissosweet—sheisalwaysgivingherfriendsandco-workerspresents.Iwishtherewere morepeoplelikeherinthisworld!We’resoluckytoworkwithher.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.GotoChina.B.Learnalanguage.C.Takeabreak.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Dad,IamplanningtolearnChineseinthiscomingsemesterbreak.Chinaisanewgloballeaderforinnovationandtrade.Wemustlearnitslanguagetoexplorethebest.M:OK,great.Goahead,Linda.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wherewillthemansitinthetheater?A.Inthefront.B.Inthemiddle.C.Intheback.7.Whenwillthemanseethefilm?A.At8:00p.mB.At7:00p.mC.At6:00p.m.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:I’dlikesixticketsforthefilmMoonflashplayingat7pmtonight,please,asclosetothefrontaspossible,sowecanenjoyallthosespecialeffectswe’veheardabout!W:I’msorry,sir,butwedon’thavemanyticketsleftforthisperformance.Icanmanagetwogroupsofthreeseats—butonegroupisinthemiddleorthebackrow.I’vegotagroupofsixseatstogetherbutthey’rerightattheback,too. Isthatanygood?M:No.Wereallywanttobeclosetotheaction.W:Well,Icanmanagesixseatstogether,inthefrontrow,butthat’sforthenextshowing,at8o’clock.M:Great.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehotel?A.Disappointing.B.Acceptable.C.Surprising9.Whyisthewomanunhappy?A.Thebathroomisinamess.B.Thereceptionistisunfriendly.C.Thebedisuncomfortable.10.Whatdoesthewomanagreetodoatlast?A.Askforanotherroom.B.Getthemoneyback.C.Stayinthehoteltonight.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:David,thisistheworsthotelwe’veeverstayedin!M:It’sbetterthanthelasthotelinLondon.Atleastthebediscomfortable.W:WellI’mgoingtocomplaintothereceptionist!Therearen’tanytowelsinthebathroom!M:Wecanaskforsometowels,Pat.W:Yesbutthebathroomisn’tclean,David—youmustbeabletoseethat!It’sunbelievable!Andthelockonthewindow’sbroken!Askthereceptionistifwecanchangerooms.M:Irememberthereceptionistsaidthehotelwasfullsowecan’tasktochange.W:Well,thenIwanttogotoanotherhotelnow!Tellthereceptionistwewantallourmoneyreturned.M:Idon’tthinkwe’llbeabletofindanotherhotelnow.It’sverylate,sowe’llhavetostayheretonight.W:Well,I’mnotstayingheretomorrow.Wemustfindanotherhotel. 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Takingphotos.B.Readingamagazine.C.Touringaroundanisland.12.Whatisthehotelshapedlike?A.Aship.B.Anisland.C.Asail.13.Howlongdiditactuallytaketobuildthehotel?A.Twoyears.B.Threeyears.C.Fouryears.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Coolmagazine!W:It’smymum’stravelmagazine.Thisissueisaboutfamoustouristattractions.Look!Here’soneofthemostphotographedstructuresintheworld.M:Whatisit?Itlookslikeahugesailthat’sjustsittingonthewater,doesn’tit?W:Yeah,butit’snotasail.It’sahotelinDubai—theBurjAlArabHotel.Andyou’reright.ItsaysherethatthedesignwasinspiredbythesailsofanArabiantradingship.M:Nice!Wasitbuiltonanisland?W:Yep.Anislandwascreatedjustforthehotel!M:Wow!Ibetittooklongertoconstructtheislandthanthehotel,don’tyou?W:Yeah,itsaysthatittookthreeyearstofilltheseatomaketheisland.Andittookoneyearlessthanthattoactuallybuildthehotel.M:I’dlovetogothereoneday.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14Whatarethespeakersdoing? A.Discussingaproject.B.Makingashoppinglist.C.Planningatrip15.Whowillberesponsibleforthelocaldocuments?A.Ben.B.Sharon.C.Vivian.16.WhatdoesBenoffertodo?A.Interviewtheelderly.B.Helpcontactorganizations.C.Decideonalistofinterviewees.17.Wherewillthespeakersgotogettheoldmapsofthetown?A.Thepubliclibrary.B.Retirementhomes.C.Therecordsoffice.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Ben,weneedtoplanourprojectonthehistoryofthistown.Thereisalistofwhatneedstobedone.Ithoughtwecoulddividethejobsbetweenus.M:OK,Sharon.I’dliketousetheInternetforresearch.Thentherearesomelocaldocumentsinthepubliclibrary.Whatdoyouthink?W:Well,myfriendVivianisalibrarianthere.Soit’llprobablybeeasierifIdoit.M:Good.Thentheothertypeofresearchisinterviewingelderlypeoplewho’velivedherealltheirlives.Weneedtofindpeoplewillingtobeinterviewed.W:Iamthinkingaboutcontactinglocalorganizationsforelderlypeople,likeretirementhomesanddaycenters.M:Mm.Theremustbealotoforganizationstocontact.ShallItakeonhalfofthem?W:Allright.I’llmakealistandmarkwhichonesweshouldeachcontact.M:Fine.We’llneedtohavecopiesofoldmapsofthetown,won’twe?W:Whynotgototherecordsoffice?They’reboundtohavesomethere.M:Soundsgood.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】 18.Whyisthebaobab’strunkreallyfat?A.Itisshapedbypeople.B.Itstoresalargequantityofwater.C.Itmustbestrongenoughtosupportthetree.19.Whatisthefullheightofabaobab?A.About12metre.B.About15metre.C.About30metre.20.Whatarebaobabsoftenusedasnowadays?A.Shops.B.Wildlifehabitats.C.Busshelters【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.Welcometoourpark.Thesubjectofmytalktodayisthisstrange-lookingtreethatyouseehereinfrontofyou.Itisknownasthebottletreeinsomepartsoftheworld.Weprefertocallitbyitsmorecommonname—thebaobab.Thebaobabsurvivesbystoringwaterinsideitstrunk.Thetrunkcanswellupenormously,andstoreupto120,000litersofwater.Youcanseeinthistreehowthetrunkisreallyfatandshapedlikeabottle.Baobabsgenerallycanreachheightsofabout30metresbutthisone,at15metre,isjustababybycomparison.Baobabshadbeenusedasshopsinthepast.Nowadays,however,abaobabisoftenusedasabusshelterbecauseitprovidesshadewhenit’ssunnyandprotectionwhenitrains!Thisamazingtreehasanothername—theTreeofLife,andwhenyouthinkhowitcancreateacompleteecosystem,supportingthelifeofmanyanimals,youunderstandwhy.Thenthinkofthemanywayshumansusethistree.Yes,Ithinkthisisthebestnameofall:theTreeofLife.Doesanybodyhaveanyquestions?第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorld PlacedesFetes—NewYorkCityThisfamouswinebarprovidesaspotwithararesweetandwarmatmosphere.Fordatenight,gotothebarwithviewsoftheopenkitchen,orfillupthelargetableinthebackwithagroupandtastetheentire20-itemmenu.Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.LeDoyenné—Saint-Vrain,FranceAustralianchefsJamesHenryandShaunKellytransformedtheformerstables(馬廄)ofa19th-centuryprivateestateintoaworkingfarm,restaurant,andguesthousedrivenbytheprinciplesofregenerativeagriculture.Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurtured(培育)byKelly.MiCompaChava—MexicoCitySeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.Onthesidewalk,crowdsoflocalsandtouristsalikelineupforfishermanSalvadorOrozco’screativetakesonSinaloaandBajaseafood.Anythingfromtherawhalfofthemenuisasurebet,thoughcookeddisheslikefishcanhelpfilloutameal.Vilas—BangkokCanadishinspiredbyaSpanishrecipeusingJapaneseingredients(原料)stillbeconsideredThai?ForChefPrinPolsuk,oneofBangkok’smostfamousThaichefs,itmostcertainlycan.Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’slandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hedrawsinspirationfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.21.WhatdoweknowaboutLeDoyenné?A.Itfeaturesseafood.B.Itservesfamousmushroomsoup.C.Itsvegetablesaregrownbythemselves.D.Itsdishesareinspiredbyforeignrecipes.22.WhoaremorelikelytovisitMiCompaChava?A.Peoplewhoenjoynightviews.B.Peoplewhoprefervegetablestomeat.C.Peoplewhofavorasweetandwarmatmosphere.D.Peoplewhowanttogetafreshstartfromdrunkenness.23.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoufindthistext?A.Education.B.Travel.C.Sports.D.Food.【答案】21.C22.D23.D 【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了世界上的幾個餐廳的情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LeDoyenné部分中“Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurtured(培育)byKelly.(經(jīng)過凱利的精心培育，一百多種水果、蔬菜和草藥進(jìn)入了亨利的烹飪)”可知，LeDoyenné的蔬菜是自己種的。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“SeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.(在墨西哥，海鮮是解宿醉的良藥，幾乎每個在這里吃飯的人都致力于修復(fù)昨晚醉酒造成的損害，并為今天的創(chuàng)造做準(zhǔn)備)”可知，想從醉酒中重新開始的人有可能訪問MiCompaChava。故選D。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorld(熱門榜單：世界上最好的新餐廳)”以及文章主要介紹了世界上新開的幾個餐廳，因此有可能出自報紙的Food版塊。故選D。BThelocalgovernmentofZibo,EastChina’sShandongProvince,hasissuedtwoopenlettersinashorttimetoallcitizens,extendingitsgratitudefortheirwarmthandhospitalitytowardvisitorswhohavecometoenjoythecity’ssignaturebarbecue,whichhasrecentlybecomeahitacrossthecountry.Suchanunexpectedsuccesshasshownthecity’sspiritofunityandtenacity(堅毅),furtherboostingitstourismandeconomicdevelopment.Foralongtime,ZibowasanaveragecityinalmostallaspectsontheChinesescale.However,sinceearlyMarch,Zibolocalbarbecuehascausedasensation(轟動)online.Thelittledouble-layerstove,smallpancakes,greenonionsandsaucebecameiconsamongnetizen.“Takingthehigh-speedtraintotastebarbecueinZibo”miraculouslybecameatrendinghashtag(話題標(biāo)簽)forthisnon-traditionaltouristcity.ButhowdidZiborisetofame?Thishasnotbeensomerandomcoincidence.First,itcomesdowntothecitygovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.FromJuly2022toFebruary2023,Ziboorganizedmanytripstothecityforuniversitystudents.Despitereachingpeakvisitationnumbers,therewasnosenseofpanic.Instead,severalsupportivepolicieswerepromptlyintroduced,suchasestablishinga“GoldenStoveAward”,formingabarbecueassociation,creatingamapofZibobarbecuerestaurants,andlaunching21dedicatedtouristroutesthatgobeyondjustbarbecue.Italsoorganizedvolunteerstoguidetouristsandappointedpersonneltoensurepublicsafety.Second,Zibo’ssuddenboominpopularityalsoresultedfromthepost-pandemictourismrevivalChinahas experienced.Thecityaimstorecoveritstourismindustryandensuresustainablegrowth.Toachievethisgoal,ithascreatedawelcomingenvironmentwithconvenientservicesforyoungpeople,particularlyuniversitystudents.Forinstance,non-localstudentscanenjoythreefreestaysperyearatyouthinns,eachlastingtwonights.ThecityhasalsoinvitedstudentsfromdistinguisheduniversitiestovisitZiboforfree,signalingitseagernesstoattracttalentedyoungindividuals.24.Whatisthepurposeofthetwoopenletters?A.Toexpressthecity’sgratitudetoitscitizens.B.Tointroducethecity’simpressivesightstotourists.C.Tospeciallypromotethecity’ssignaturebarbecue.D.Toboostthecity’stourismandeconomicdevelopment.25.WhatmainlycontributestoZibo’srisetofame?A.Thecity’sperfectlocationontheChinesescale.B.Thecity’sreputationasatraditionaltouristcity.C.Thegovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.D.People’sdesireforatasteofbarbecueafterthepandemic.26.WhydoesthecityinvitestudentsfromfamousuniversitiestoZibo?A.Toofferpart-timejobsforthosestudents.B.Toencourageyoungpeopletobevolunteers.C.Toprovidestudentswithchancestogetpracticalknowledge.D.Toattracttalentedyoungpeopletoworkthereaftergraduation.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthissensation?A.Unconcerned.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Opposed.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了山東淄博燒烤背后的“流量密碼”?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThelocalgovernmentofZibo,EastChina’sShandongProvince,hasissuedtwoopenlettersinashorttimetoallcitizens,extendingitsgratitudefortheirwarmthandhospitalitytowardvisitors whohavecometoenjoythecity’ssignaturebarbecue,whichhasrecentlybecomeahitacrossthecountry.(中國東部山東省淄博市當(dāng)?shù)卣诙虝r間內(nèi)向所有市民發(fā)出了兩封公開信，對前來享受該市標(biāo)志性燒烤的游客的熱情好客表示感謝，這一燒烤最近在全國范圍內(nèi)受到歡迎)”可知，這兩封公開信的目的是表達(dá)城市對市民的感激之情。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“First,itcomesdowntothecitygovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.(首先，這取決于市政府的雄心、決心和創(chuàng)造力)”可知，淄博成名的主要原因是政府的雄心、決心和創(chuàng)造力。故選C項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThecityhasalsoinvitedstudentsfromdistinguisheduniversitiestovisitZiboforfree,signalingitseagernesstoattracttalentedyoungindividuals.(淄博還邀請著名大學(xué)的學(xué)生免費參觀淄博，這表明該市渴望吸引有才華的年輕人)”可知，淄博邀請名牌大學(xué)的學(xué)生來淄博是為了吸引有才華的年輕人畢業(yè)后到那里工作。故選D項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Suchanunexpectedsuccesshasshownthecity’sspiritofunityandtenacity(堅毅),furtherboostingitstourismandeconomicdevelopment.(這一意想不到的成功顯示了這座城市團(tuán)結(jié)和堅韌的精神，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了它的旅游業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展)”以及縱觀全文可知，作者對于這一現(xiàn)象是持贊同的態(tài)度的。故選B項。CAccordingtoanewUSDA(theU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture)report,U.S.forestscouldworsenglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanet-warminggasesastheygetolder.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldreleaseupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissionsfromdecaying(腐爛)treesgoabovetheircarbonabsorption.Forestscouldbecomea“substantialcarbonsource”by2070,theUSDAreportsays.Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Thedisastersdestroyforestland,destroyingitsecosystemanddecreasingitsabilitytoabsorbcarbon,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescienceattheAmericanForestFoundation.Agingforestsalsocontribute.Thereportfoundthatolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andU.S.forestsarerapidlyaging.Thistrendislikelytocontinue,asforestscomeunderincreasingthreatfromclimatechangeandexploitation( 開采).Thetypicaltropicalforestmaybecomeacarbonsourcebythe2060s,accordingtoSimonLewis,professorintheschoolofgeographyatLeedsUniversity.“Humanshavebeenluckysofar,astropicalforestsarecleaninguplotsofourpollution,buttheycan’tkeepdoingthatindefinitely,”hesaid.“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.”U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothecombinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.“Asweworktodecarbonize(碳減排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttools.Ifweweretolosethattool,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions,”Rileysaid.28.Whatisthemainfindingofthereport?A.Forestsaresufferingfromdecayingtrees.B.Forestscouldcontributetoglobalwarming.C.Forestsarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisasters.D.Forestshavebecomesubstantialcarbonabsorbers.29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thekeyroleofforestsintheecosystem.B.Theconsequencesoffrequentnaturaldisasters.C.Theimpactofrisingglobaltemperaturesonforests.D.Thereasonsforforests’decliningabilitytoabsorbcarbon.30.WhatisSimonLewis’suggestiononaddressingtheproblem?A.Reducingfossilfuelemissions.B.Cleaningupdecayingtreesintime.C.Plantingtreesonalargescale.D.Limitingtheexploitationofforests.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tooffersuggestionsonforestmanagement.B.Tostressthesignificanceofforestprotection.C.Topresenttheeffortsmadetoreachnetzero.D.Toshowthecarbonemissionsfromcoalpowerplants.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.B【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的一份新報告稱森林在未來可能會加劇全球變暖，而非緩解全球變暖，到2070年，森林甚至可能會成為主要的碳排放者?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句話“AccordingtoanewUSDA(theU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture)report,U.S.forestscouldworsenglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanet-warminggasesastheygetolder.(根據(jù)美國農(nóng)業(yè)部（USDA）的一份新報告森林可能會加劇全球變暖，因為它們正在受到自然災(zāi)害的破壞，并且隨著年齡的增長，它們正在失去吸收導(dǎo)致地球變暖氣體的能力)”可知，該報告的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)是森林可能導(dǎo)致全球變暖。故選B?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合“Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.(碳吸收的減少部分是由野火、龍卷風(fēng)和颶風(fēng)等自然災(zāi)害造成的，隨著全球氣溫上升，這些自然災(zāi)害的頻率和強(qiáng)度都在增加)”以及“Agingforestsalsocontribute.(森林老化也是原因之一)”可知，本段主要列舉了幾個導(dǎo)致森林吸收碳能力減少的原因，如自然災(zāi)害、森林老化等。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.(我們需要在全球碳循環(huán)開始對我們不利之前減少化石燃料的排放)”可知，SimonLewis建議減少化石燃料排放。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothecombinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.‘Asweworktodecarbonize(碳減排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttools.Ifweweretolosethattool,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions,’Rileysaid.(根據(jù)該港口的數(shù)據(jù)，美國森林目前吸收了美國11%的碳排放量，即每年1.5億噸碳，相當(dāng)于40座燃煤電廠的總排放量。作為天然碳吸收器的森林的消失將要求美國更快地減少排放，以達(dá)到凈零排放。‘在我們努力脫碳的過程中，森林是最偉大的工具之一。如果我們失去了這個工具，這意味著我們將在排放方面做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)，’Riley說)”可知，森林在吸收碳方面起著重要作用，如果森林消失，意味著對排放量有非常高的要求，故本段主要是在分析森林保護(hù)的重要性。故選B。DAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelted downandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganEco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradable(可生物降解的)glassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads(玻璃珠)madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadsandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowedhowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsiterecovered,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotesdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinhightemperature.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallyimprovedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Ittakeslesstimetobreakdown.B.Itcanberecycledatalowercost.C.Ithasawiderrangeofapplications.D.Itcanbeproducedonalargerscale.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.B.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice’sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdle”inparagraph4referto? A.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.B.Thechallengeofimprovingglassmanufacturing.C.Theinstabilityofaminoacidsinhightemperature.D.Theenvironmentalproblemscausedbyaminoacids.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BiodegradableGlass:ClosertoSustainabilityB.BiodegradableGlass:ReadytoHittheMarketC.AminoAcidsLowerCostsofGlassManufacturingD.AminoAcidsCastNewLightonGlassApplication【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊利用氨基酸研制出了一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第一句“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.(今天，許多由沙子和碳酸鈉制成的人造玻璃可以重復(fù)使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，但它不會在環(huán)境中分解，將在垃圾填埋場中放置數(shù)千年)”和第二段最后一句話“Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.(這種玻璃對環(huán)境的影響較小，可以在幾周或幾個月內(nèi)分解)”可知，新型玻璃的優(yōu)點是可以更短的時間內(nèi)分解，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss(在整個實驗期間，沒有老鼠表現(xiàn)出可能由玻璃植入引起的任何與疼痛相關(guān)的行為，也沒有老鼠出現(xiàn)明顯的體重減輕)”可知，科學(xué)家把氨基酸做成的玻璃珠植入小白鼠皮下是為了觀察在玻璃珠溶解的過程中，小白鼠是否會呈現(xiàn)出痛苦的動作或者體重減少等癥狀。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段，尤其是該詞的前一句話“Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotesdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinhightemperature.( 雖然氨基酸在環(huán)境中會隨著時間的推移而降解，但這種可生物降解玻璃比傳統(tǒng)玻璃更耐用，因為氨基酸在高溫下會迅速分解)”可知，這種氨基酸玻璃確實可以隨著時間的推移降解在環(huán)境中，但是它卻不如傳統(tǒng)的玻璃那樣經(jīng)久耐用，因為氨基酸在高溫條件下很容易快速降解。所以下文中的“hurdle”指的是可降解玻璃的這種不耐久性。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段中“InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradable(可生物降解的)glassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).(在最近發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上的一項研究中，中國科學(xué)院過程工程研究所的一個研究小組描述了他們是如何設(shè)計出由氨基酸制成的可生物降解玻璃的)”可知，文章主要講述中國科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊利用氨基酸研制出了一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃，因此A項“可生物降解玻璃：更接近可持續(xù)性”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thinkofthelasttimeyoudisagreedwithanotherperson.Maybeyouarguedwithasibling(兄弟姐妹)overwhattowatchonTV.___36___Howdidyourdisagreementend?Wereyouabletoseetheissuefromtheotherperson’sviewpoint?___37___Theyarepartoflife.Afterall,everyonehasdifferentopinions.Weallhavepastexperiencesthatshapehowweseetheworld.Still,notalldisagreementsarebad.Infact,manypeoplelookonthemasopportunitiestolearn.Theydosobytryingtounderstandwherebothsidesarecomingfrom.Howcanyouunderstandbothsidesofanissue?Oftenitisbesttostartbyaskingquestions.___38___Therightquestionscanalsohelpuslearnaboutotherpeople.Inadisagreement,askingformoreinformationcanhelpyoulearnaboutaperson’sviewpoint.Itcanalsoleadyoutogetmorefacts.Thiscanpaintabetterpictureoftheentireissue.Whenseekingtounderstandbothsidesoftheissue,it’simportanttoknowthedifferencebetweenfactsandopinions.Remember,factsarebasedontrueinformation.Opinionscanchangefrompersontoperson.Payingattentiontofactscanstopbiases(偏見)fromtakingoverinadisagreement.___39___Disagreementsmaybeuncomfortableatfirst.___40___Thenexttimeyoudisagreewithanotherperson,tryaskingquestionsabouttheirviewpoint.Youneverknowwhatyoumightlearn.A.Inmanysituations,disagreementsareunavoidable.B.Questionshelpuslearnabouttheworldaroundus.C.Thiscanhelpeveryoneinvolvedseebothsidesoftheissue. D.Afterall,don’tmostpeoplejustwanttoprovethattheirsideisright?E.Maybeyou’rewonderingwhyit’simportanttounderstandbothsidesofanissue.F.Orperhapsyoutriedtoconvincegrown-upsthaticecreammakesabetterdinnerthanvegetables.G.However,whenbothsidestrulytrytounderstandeachother,theyoftenfindtheyhavemoreincommonthantheythought.【答案】36.F37.A38.B39.C40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章闡述了生活中的分歧是不可避免的，要學(xué)會理解對方，站在對方的角度考慮問題才能解決分歧。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Maybeyouarguedwithasibling(兄弟姐妹)overwhattowatchonTV.(也許你和你的兄弟姐妹爭論看什么電視)”可知，下句也是列舉你跟別人發(fā)生分歧的情景，因此F項“或者，也許你試圖說服成年人，冰淇淋是比蔬菜更好的晚餐”符合語境。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容及下句“Theyarepartoflife.(它們是生活的一部分)”可知，分歧是生活的一部分，說明生活中不可避免地會出現(xiàn)分歧，因此A項“在許多情況下，分歧是不可避免的”符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Howcanyouunderstandbothsidesofanissue?Oftenitisbesttostartbyaskingquestions.(你怎么能理解一個問題的正反兩面呢？通常最好從問問題開始)”可知，問問題能夠讓我們更好地了解事實，根據(jù)下句“Therightquestionscanalsohelpuslearnaboutotherpeople.(正確的問題也可以幫助我們了解他人)”中的“also”可知，空處和下文一致，說明問問題的好處，所以B項“問題幫助我們了解我們周圍的世界”符合語境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Payingattentiontofactscanstopbiases(偏見)fromtakingoverinadisagreement.(關(guān)注事實可以阻止偏見在爭吵中占上風(fēng))”可知，關(guān)注事實，能讓人不帶有偏見，這能讓人看清楚事情的本身，所以C項“這可以幫助每一個卷入這場分歧的人看到事情的兩個方面”符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Disagreementsmaybeuncomfortableatfirst.(分歧最初也許會讓人感覺不舒服)”可知，下句是一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折的句子，所以G項“但是，當(dāng)雙方都試圖去理解對方時，他們經(jīng)常會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們比自己想象的有更多的相同之處”符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Mostofusareafraidtofail.Ourfearoffailureisn’t___41___.Fromanearlyage,weweresurroundedbypeoplewhovalue___42___.ParentstellustobringhomeA’s.___43___teachustogoforthegold,notthesilverorbronze.Andonsocialmedia,peopleshareonlythecoolestpartoftheirlives.Usuallytheykeeptheir___44___tothemselves.What’ssobadaboutbeingafraidtofail?Itmightseemlikea“winateverything”attitudewould___45___youtosuccess.Inreality,itcan___46___holdyouback.Forexample,manypeoplegetonebadgradeonanalgebra(代數(shù))testand___47___theyarenotsmartenoughformath.Accordingtoexperts,thatisa___48___waytothink.Theysayfailingisgoodforyou.Itteachesyouto___49___ataskevenwhenitgetshard.Theabilitytodothisiscalledgrit(毅力).Topeoplewithgrit,failureisnotareasontogiveup.Itisachanceto___50___.Thereisoneplacewherefailureissurely___51___:technologycompanies.TechleadersoftengatherforeventscalledFailCons.Theylearnfromideasthatdidn’twork.“Sometimesthingsjustdon’tgoas___52___,”saystheFailConswebsite.“Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoushouldstoptrying.”Thatmessage___53___toamannamedEvanWilliams.In2005hedevelopedanAPPcalledOdeo.Notmanypeopleusedit.Itwasabig___54___,butWilliamswasn’tupset.___55___,helearnedfromhismistakesandkeptworkinghard.Afewyearslater,hehelpedcreateoneofthebiggestsocialmediasitesever:Twitter.41.A.familiarB.surprisingC.meaningfulD.understandable42.A.perfectionB.friendshipC.creativityD.education43.A.CompetitorsB.JudgesC.CoachesD.Organizers44.A.examplesB.coursesC.strugglesD.secrets45.A.inviteB.attachC.compareD.lead46.A.temporarilyB.barelyC.narrowlyD.seriously47. A.denyB.decideC.predictD.report48.A.wrongB.properC.typicalD.unique49.A.stickwithB.giveupC.dependonD.breakdown50.A.participateB.connectC.improveD.share51.A.avoidedB.ignoredC.valuedD.measured52.A.suggestedB.offeredC.orderedD.planned53.A.relatedB.appliedC.switchedD.objected54.A.hitB.disappointmentC.reliefD.reminder55.A.InsteadB.MoreoverC.MeanwhileD.Therefore【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.C45.D46.D47.B48.A49.A50.C51.C52.D53.B54.B55.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文，文章主要論述失敗不是壞事，失敗了不要放棄，要從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)并堅持下來才能取得成功?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們對失敗的恐懼并不令人驚訝。A.familiar熟悉的；B.surprising令人驚訝的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.understandable可理解的。結(jié)合下文“Fromanearlyage,weweresurroundedbypeoplewhovalue___2___.ParentstellustobringhomeA’s.(從很小的時候起……父母告訴我們要拿A回家)”可知，我們從小就被教育要成功，因此我們害怕失敗，這并不令人驚訝，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從很小的時候起，我們就被看重完美的人所包圍。A.perfection完美；B.friendship友誼；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.education教育。根據(jù)下文“ParentstellustobringhomeA’s.___3___teachustogoforthegold,notthesilverorbronze.(父母告訴我們要拿A 回家?！涛覀円幦〗鹋?，而不是銀牌或銅牌)”可知，從小我們身邊就都是追求完美的人，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教練教我們要去爭取金牌，而不是銀牌或銅牌。A.Competitors競爭者，對手；B.Judges法官；C.Coaches教練；D.Organizers組織者。根據(jù)“thegold,notthesilverorbronze”可知，此處指教練教我們要去爭取金牌，故選C。【44題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通常他們會把自己的掙扎藏在心里。A.examples例子；B.courses課程；C.struggles掙扎，難事；D.secrets秘密。結(jié)合上文“Andonsocialmedia,peopleshareonlythecoolestpartoftheirlives.(在社交媒體上，人們只分享他們生活中最酷的部分)”可知，此處和上文的“thecoolestpartoftheirlives”形成對比，指人們分享最酷的部分，而把艱難令人掙扎的事情藏在心里，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看起來“凡事必勝”的態(tài)度會讓你走向成功。A.invite邀請；B.attach貼上，附在；C.compare比較；D.lead引領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)空后的“tosuccess”可知，此處指帶領(lǐng)你走向成功，leadsbto…“帶領(lǐng)某人去……”，固定搭配，故選D。【46題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在現(xiàn)實中，它會嚴(yán)重阻礙你的發(fā)展。A.temporarily臨時地；B.barely僅僅，幾乎沒有；C.narrowly勉強(qiáng)地；D.seriously嚴(yán)重地。根據(jù)下文“Theysayfailingisgoodforyou.”可知，失敗對人有好處，故此處指“凡事必勝”的態(tài)度會嚴(yán)重阻礙人的發(fā)展，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，許多人在代數(shù)考試中得了一個不好的分?jǐn)?shù)，就判定他們不夠聰明，不適合數(shù)學(xué)。A.deny否認(rèn)；B.decide決定，裁判，判決；C.predict預(yù)測；D.report報道。根據(jù)“theyarenotsmartenoughformath”可知，此處指由一個不好的分?jǐn)?shù)就判定他們不夠聰明，不適合數(shù)學(xué)，decide符合語境，故選B。【48題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：專家表示，這是一種錯誤的思維方式。A.wrong錯誤的；B.proper合適的；C.typical典型的；D.unique獨特的。根據(jù)語境以及下文“Theysayfailingisgoodforyou.”可知，專家認(rèn)為失敗對人有好處，故由一次失敗就判定人不夠聰明的想法是錯誤的，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：它教會你即使遇到困難也要堅持下去。A.stickwith堅持；B.giveup放棄；C.dependon依靠；D.breakdown出故障。根據(jù)下文“Theabilitytodothisiscalledgrit(毅力).”可知，毅力是堅持不懈的能力，故此處指即使遇到困難也堅持下去，故選A。 【50題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是一個提高的機(jī)會。A.participate參加；B.connect連接；C.improve提高，改善；D.share分享。根據(jù)上文“Topeoplewithgrit,failureisnotareasontogiveup.(對有毅力的人來說，失敗不是放棄的理由)”以及下文“Theylearnfromideasthatdidn’twork.(他們從失敗的想法中學(xué)習(xí))”可知，對于有毅力的人來說，失敗不是放棄的理由，他們會從失敗的中學(xué)習(xí)，將之看作一個不斷提高的機(jī)會，故選C。【51題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一個地方肯定會重視失?。嚎萍脊?。A.avoided避免；B.ignored忽視；C.valued重視；D.measured測量。根據(jù)下文“Theylearnfromideasthatdidn’twork.”可知，他們從失敗的想法中學(xué)習(xí)，故是重視失敗，故選C。【52題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“有時候事情就是不像計劃的那樣發(fā)展，”FailCons網(wǎng)站說。A.suggested建議；B.offered提供；C.ordered命令；D.planned計劃。根據(jù)“Sometimesthingsjustdon’tgo”可知，此處指“有時候事情就是不像計劃的那樣發(fā)展”，故選D。【53題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這一點適用于一個名叫EvanWilliams的人。A.related聯(lián)系；B.applied應(yīng)用，申請；C.switched轉(zhuǎn)換；D.objected反對。下文“helearnedfromhismistakesandkeptworkinghard”提到EvanWilliams從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，繼續(xù)努力工作，故此處指“失敗并不意味著停止努力”這一點適用于EvanWilliams，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個很大失望，但Williams并不沮喪。A.hit打，擊中；B.disappointment失望；C.relief解脫，寬慰；D.reminder提醒。根據(jù)上文“In2005hedevelopedanAPPcalledOdeo.Notmanypeopleusedit.(2005年，他開發(fā)了一款名為Odeo的APP。沒有多少人使用它)”可知，開發(fā)的APP使用人數(shù)不多，這是令人失望的事情，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，繼續(xù)努力工作。A.Instead相反；B.Moreover此外；C.Meanwhile同時；D.Therefore因此。上文“butWilliamswasn’tupset”提到Williams沒有沮喪，結(jié)合下文“helearnedfromhismistakesandkeptworkinghard”可知，Instead“相反”能夠連接上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Forcenturies,globalizationwaslargelyshapedbythesea.WhileWesternnationsrapidlydevelopedthroughcolonialexpansion(殖民擴(kuò)張),landlockednationsweretrapped___56___acycleofpovertyOverthepastdecade,atransformativeinitiative___57___(launch)tobreakthiscycleandisrecoveringtheeconomiesofinlandcountries—theBeltandRoadInitiative(“一帶一路”),___58___wasestablishedin2013.ThisnetworkhasbroughttogethertheeconomiesofEastAsiaanddevelopedEuropewiththevasthinterlandcountries,___59___(result)inincreasedeconomicandtradeexchanges,thegrowthofboomingcities,andtheemergenceofanewcenterofglobaleconomicgrowth.Bytacklinginfrastructuredifferencesindevelopingcountries,___60___initiativeishelpingbreakobstaclesthathavelonglimitedtheirdevelopment.TheChina-LaosRailwayrealizes___61___theLaopeoplelongdreamedof—transformingtheircountryfromalandlockedoneintoaland-linkedcenter.Ithasalsofacilitatedthe___62___(adopt)ofcleanenergyinAfrica,helpingitavoidthepollution___63___(associate)withWesternindustrialization.TheBeltandRoadInitiativehasattractedtheparticipationofmorethanthree-quartersofcountries___64___(global),substantiallyimprovingthelivesof30%oftheworld’spopulation.ForChina,everythingthesecountriesgainfrom___65___(it)helpisagainfortheworld.【答案】56.in57.hasbeenlaunched58which59.resulting60.the61.what62.adoption63.associated64.globally65.its【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“一帶一路”及其帶來的影響?！驹斀狻?.考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)西方國家通過殖民擴(kuò)張迅速發(fā)展的時候，內(nèi)陸國家卻陷入了貧困的循環(huán)。betrappedin“被困于……”，為固定搭配，故填in。2.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：過去10年，一項旨在打破這種循環(huán)的變革性舉措已經(jīng)啟動，目前正在恢復(fù)內(nèi)陸國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)——2013年成立的一帶一路舉措。根據(jù)本句的時間狀語Overthepastdecade可知此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時，且句子主語與launch之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，助動詞應(yīng)用has。故填hasbeenlaunched。3.考查定語從句。句意：過去10年，一項旨在打破這種循環(huán)的變革性舉措已經(jīng)啟動，目前正在恢復(fù)內(nèi)陸國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)——2013 年成立的一帶一路舉措。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞theBeltandRoadInitiative，指物，且關(guān)系詞在主句中作主語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。故填which。4.考查非謂語動詞。句意：歐洲與廣大內(nèi)陸國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來日益增多，城市蓬勃發(fā)展，并出現(xiàn)了新的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中心。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填resulting。5.考查冠詞。句意：通過解決發(fā)展中國家的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施差異，該倡議正在幫助打破長期限制其發(fā)展的障礙。根據(jù)句意可知，此處特指“一帶一路”倡議，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。6.考查賓語從句。句意：中老鐵路實現(xiàn)了老撾人民長期以來的夢想——把他們的國家從一個內(nèi)陸國家轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€陸地相連的中心。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作realizes的賓語，且在從句作dreamedof的賓語，指物，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，故填what。7.考查名詞。句意：它還促進(jìn)了非洲采用清潔能源，幫助非洲避免了與西方工業(yè)化相關(guān)的污染。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的of可知此處應(yīng)該填名詞adoption作賓語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填adoption。8.考查非謂語動詞。句意：它還促進(jìn)了非洲采用清潔能源，幫助非洲避免了與西方工業(yè)化相關(guān)的污染。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)該為非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾pollution，且動詞associate和pollution是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填associated。9.考查副詞。句意：一帶一路倡議吸引了全球四分之三以上國家的參與，大大改善了世界30%人口的生活。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)該填副詞作狀語。故填globally。10.考查代詞。句意：對中國來說，這些國家從中國的幫助中獲得的一切都是世界的收獲。此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性的物主代詞，作定語，修飾名詞help。故填its。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)66.假定你是李華。你發(fā)現(xiàn)許多高三學(xué)生由于學(xué)習(xí)緊張而養(yǎng)成了不健康的生活習(xí)慣。請就此現(xiàn)象向校英文報“我們的高三生活”欄目投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.列舉不健康的生活習(xí)慣；2.提出合理的解決方案。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答案卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearEditor, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearEditor,ItisacommonphenomenonthatmanySenior3studentsareundergreatpressure,thusdevelopingunhealthyhabits,suchasstayinguplate,eatingfastfood,etc.Thesehabitsdogreatharmtotheirhealth.Tomeetthechallengeofthesenioryear,itisofgreatsignificancethatwesaynototheseunhealthyhabits.Tobeginwith,wearesupposedtogotobedearlysothatwecankeeprefreshedanddynamicinthedaytime.Besides,toprovidesufficientnutritionforourbody,weneedtoeatmorefreshfruitandvegetables.Additionally,itishighlyadvisablethatwedoexerciseonaregularbasis,whichisanidealwaytorelievestress.Nothingmattersmorethanhealth.Itishightimethatwemadeachangeandledahealthylifefromnowon!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生就許多高三學(xué)生由于學(xué)習(xí)緊張而養(yǎng)成了不健康的生活習(xí)慣現(xiàn)象向校英文報“我們的高三生活”欄目投稿?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累對……有害：doharmto→beharmfulto此外：besides→what’smore鍛煉：doexercise→workout過……的生活：leada…life→livea…life2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Besides,toprovidesufficientnutritionforourbody,weneedtoeatmorefreshfruitandvegetables.拓展句：Besides,weneedtoeatmorefreshfruitandvegetablessothatwecanprovidesufficientnutritionforourbody.【點睛】【高分句型1】Tobeginwith,wearesupposedtogotobedearlysothatwecankeeprefreshedanddynamicinthedaytime.（運(yùn)用了sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句）【高分句型2】Additionally,itishighlyadvisablethatwedoexerciseonaregularbasis,whichisanidealwaytorelievestress.（運(yùn)用了it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句以及which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句） 第二節(jié)(滿分25分)67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIfirstmetGeorge,Iwasinmyearlythirties,tryingtofindsomethingcreativetogetawayfromtheboringhouseworkandraisinglittleones.Mychildren,thenagedthreeandfive,werejustenteringkindergartenandschoollife.At55,Georgehadrecentlyretiredandwasseekingarewardinghobbyforhisgoldenyears.Forbothofus,paintingwas“it”,andwemetatalocalpaintingclass.Thuswebeganafriendshipthatwastolastfor25years,untilthedayhedied.Georgewasamanwholivedlifetothefullest;heworkedhard,playedhardandhadanopinionabouteverything.Helovedhisfamilyandfriends,tookprideinhisfitnessandhealthandwalkedthreekilometerseveryday.Andastheonlymaleinapaintingclassfullofwomen,Georgeruledtheroostandwewerehishens.Helookedaftereveryonewiththesameattention.Hetooktopaintingwithagreatpassionandcommitment,eventransformingthesparebedroomofhishomeintoastudio.Hispaintingequipmentwascomprehensive—aneasel(畫架),qualitypaints,brushes,palette,canvases,charcoalpencils,etc.Georgehousedmanyoftheseitemsinaredmetaltoolboxwithoriginalshopstickerwiththeprice.Notfancy,butshinyandveryred.Foraboutsixyears,GeorgeandIstudiedtogetheruntilthecompletionofthecoursedrewusapart.Wekeptintouchaswelivedwithinacoupleofkilometersofeachother.Iwouldsometimesseehimonhisdailyworkoratlocalshops,andoccasionallywe’dchatoverafternoontea.Lastyear,Georgewasabout80yearsold.Herangonedayandaskedmetocometohishouse.WhilehiswifeDorothyservedteaandcake,Georgeexplainedthathewasgivinguppaintingandgivingawayallhisstuff.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答案卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hesaidhewouldgivemeeverything—paints,boards,canvases,completedworksandeventhepreciousredtoolbox.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ifailedtopersuadehimandfeltquiteupsetabouthisdecision.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hesaidhewouldgivemeeverything—paints,boards,canvases,completedworksandeventhepreciousredtoolbox.“Ican’tpaint,butIdon’tknowwhyIeverthoughtIcould,”hesighed.Iwasalittleannoyedbyhiswordsbecausehehadpaintedsomeuniqueandwonderfulworks.However,Georgeinsistedongivinguppaintingandhisdeterminedlookshowednoonecouldpersuadehim.Presentingallhispaintingequipmenttome,Georgesaidinacheerfulvoice,“Youaretalentedandaremostlylikelytouseit.”Ifailedtopersuadehimandfeltquiteupsetabouthisdecision.Iacceptedthispreciousgiftonconditionthathecouldreclaimitatanytime.Heneverdid,ofcourse,andIstillusemuchofhisequipmenttoday.AsIpaint,IoftenrememberGeorge,hisbigpersonalityandgenerousspirit.Themosttreasureditemistheredtoolbox,stillingoodshapeandred.Theoriginalshopstickerisstillfirmlyinplace,althoughthepriceiswornoff.Butthat’sallrightbecausetomymindsomethings,likefriendship,arebeyondprice.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者與55歲的George相識于繪畫班，他生活很充實，努力工作，也盡情享樂，他對繪畫極其熱愛和投入，設(shè)備很齊全，都裝在一個紅色的工具箱里，繪畫課程結(jié)束后作者依然和George保持著聯(lián)系。去年George大約80歲了，一天George打電話叫作者去他家，解釋說他要放棄繪畫，把他所有的東西都送人。【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“他說他會給我一切——顏料、木板、畫布、完成的作品，甚至是那個珍貴的紅色工具箱?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫George堅持放棄繪畫，并把工具送給作者。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我沒能說服他，對他的決定感到很不安?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者接受的George的贈送，并且珍視這份友誼，并在后來的日子里時常想起George。2.續(xù)寫線索：George堅持放棄繪畫——惱火——George贈送工具——接受——使用工具——珍視禮物——想起George和感悟3.詞匯激活行為類 ①堅持：insiston/stickto②放棄：giveup/quit③想起：remember/remindsbof…情緒類①惱火：annoyed/slightlyangry②大方的：generous/liberal【點睛】[高分句型1]“Ican’tpaint,butIdon’tknowwhyIeverthoughtIcould,”hesighed.（運(yùn)用了連接副詞why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作know的賓語）[高分句型2]Theoriginalshopstickerisstillfirmlyinplace,althoughthepriceiswornoff.（運(yùn)用了連詞although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句）