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重慶市第八中學(xué)2024屆高考適應(yīng)性月考卷（二）英語試題注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽力部分答題時，請先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandolater?A.Gotoaparty.B.Finishhiswork.C.Catchabus.2.WhatcouldMr.Hopkinsprobablybe?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesman.C.Apoliceman.3.WhatdoesthemanthinkofJessie?A.Sheisacoffeelover.B.Sheisingoodshape.C.Sheisnotserious.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havearest.B.Talkabouthisday.C.Washthedisheslater.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemissedthespeech.B.Helosthiswaytothetrainstation. C.Hecouldn’tunderstandwhatthelecturersaid.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2至4個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。6.Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’scall?A.Toasktheway.B.Tosetatimetomeet.C.Toaskaboutarefrigerator.7.Whendoesthestoreopen?A.At9:00.B.At10:00.C.At11:00.聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。8.WherehasJacksonbeen?A.TotheForbiddenCity.B.TotheGreatWall.C.Tohutongs.9.Whatactivitydidboysalwaysdoinhutongs?A.Theyjumpedrope.B.Theyplayedfootball.C.Theyenjoyedhide-and-seek.10.WhatseemsraretoWesternersabouthutongs?A.Keepingtraditionalhabits.B.Peopleoftenlosingtheirway.C.Differentgenerationslivingtogether.聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。11.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Homesick.B.Annoyed.C.Hungry.12.Whatfestivaliscelebratedinthewoman’smotherlandatthistime?A.Halloween.B.TheDayoftheDead.C.TheNewYamFestival.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.TreatYonMitolunch.B.Sharesomethingaboutafestival. C.JoinintheInternationalFallFestival.聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。14.Whatisthewomanmostconcernedwithaboutthehotel?A.Theprice.B.Theposition.C.Theenvironment.15.Howmuchwillthewomanpayintotal?A.￡220.B.￡400.C.￡660.16.Whereisthehotel?A.Acrossfromacinema.B.OntherightofHydePark.C.OppositeMarbleArchstation.聽下面一段獨白，回答小題。17.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheproject?A.Tohelpstudentsbereadyforreallife.B.Toteachstudentstowriteapplicationletters.C.Toletstudentsknowaboutsometypicaljobs.18Whatistheheadmasterexpectedtodo?A.Recommendjobstostudents.B.Asktheteachertoexplaintheproject.C.Announcethenewsoftheprojectclearly.19.Whowillhelpstudentstowriteapplicationletters?A.Amemberofthecommittee.B.Theheadmaster.C.Ateacher.20.Whatisthelaststepofdoingtheproject?A.Gatherstudents’opinions.B.Makealistofsuitablejobs.C.Askstudentstotakeonresponsibility.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A Inc.comIcons&InnovatorsPowerfulbooksElonMuskrecommendsElonMusk’smust-readlistexhibitshiswell-knownanddeepinterestinscience,aswellasthepersonalitiesbehindit.BenjaminFranklinAnAmericanLifeByWalterIsaacsonWhyIt’sInspiring:BorninSouthAfrica,MuskwasalwaysappealedtoAmerica.wherehetookmultipledegrees,foundedhisbusinesses,andgainedcitizenshipattheageof41.MuskseesFranklinasthetypeofAmericanhehimselfwouldliketobeandbecome:acombinationofstatesman,inventor,andbusinessman.CatherinetheGreatPortraitofaWomanByRobertK.MassieWhyIt’sInspiring:Musk’ssisterisanotedfilmdirector,hisfirstwifeanaccomplishednovelist,andhissecondwifeasuccessfulactressstudyingphysics.It’seasytoseehowMuskisdrawntoanhistoricalfigurewhoinmanywaysresemblesthewomeninhislife.EinsteinHisLifeandUniverseByWalterIsaacsonWhyIt’sInspiring:Musk’sfirstcollegedegreewasaBSinphysics,andhiscompanies一SpaceX,Tesla,andSolarCityalldependonadeepandongoingunderstandingofphysicsandchemistry.Einsteinessentiallycreatedhumans’modernunderstandingoftheworld,soit’slogicalthatMuskisinterestedinEinstein’slifeandwork.HowardHughesHisLifeandMadnessByDonaldL.BarlettWhyIt’sInspiring:Despitehisbrillianceasaninventorandbusinessman,Hughesneverachievedtheleveloftechnologicalsuccesshesought.Today,he’srememberedmoreforhisgreatestfailure(theSpruceGoose)thanforhissuccesses.TeslaseesHowardHughesasarolemodelforwhattoavoidratherthanfollow.1.WhichofthefourtypesofpeopledoesElonMuskwanttobe?A.Einstein.B.HowardHughes.C.BenjaminFranklin.D.CatherinetheGreat. 2.WhataspectofHowardHughesinspiresTeslamost?A.Hissuccessintechnology.B.Hisunderstandingoftheworld.C.Hisbrillianceasabusinessman.D.HisfailureintheSpruceGoose.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Areview.B.Awebpage.C.Abiography.D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹ElonMusk推薦的幾本書?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由AnAmericanLife中“MuskseesFranklinasthetypeofAmericanhehimselfwouldliketobeandbecome:acombinationofstatesman,inventor,andbusinessman.(Musk認為富蘭克林是他自己想要成為的美國人：政治家、發(fā)明家和商人的結(jié)合體)”可知，ElonMusk想成為像富蘭克林那樣的人。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由HisLifeandMadness中“Today,he’srememberedmoreforhisgreatestfailure(theSpruceGoose)thanforhissuccesses.TeslaseesHowardHughesasarolemodelforwhattoavoidratherthanfollow.(今天，人們對他的記憶更多的是他最偉大的失?。╰heSpruceGoose），而不是他的成功。特斯拉將HowardHughes視為避免而非遵循的榜樣)”可知，HowardHughes在theSpruceGoose上的失敗激勵了特斯拉。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章開頭“Inc.comIcons&Innovators(Inc.com圖標和創(chuàng)新者)”可知，.com是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之DNS上的一個通用頂級域，所以這篇文章應(yīng)來自于一篇網(wǎng)頁。故選B項。BMytwelve-year-olddaughter,Clementine.isobsessedwiththecharacterElevenfromNetflix’sStrangerThings.Sandwichedbetweentwobrothers,Clementineisroughandawkwardattimes,whatbackinmydaypeoplecalledatomboy.ForawhileIfeared,despiteallthefemaleempowermentmessagesonTVandT-shirts,shewasstartingtothinkgirlswerestupid.ThenalongcameStrangerThings,withitstongue-tiedandbaldrebelwhocansmashtraincarswiththepowerofhermind.Forthemostpart,I’mthrilledthatClementinewantstobeEleven,whoistherareyoungheroine,equallybrilliantandrawandpossessedofperseveranceandhope,withadesireforhumanconnectionandtheskilltobattletheevil.Sheisanenormoussetupfrommychildhoodgirl-crushesincludingallsixIadiesinCharlie’sAngelsand theLyndaCarterversionofWonderWomanwhoareallcompetitiveandsmart.Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?Parentseverywhereunderstandthereisamentalhealthcrisisamongstyoungpeople.Girlsespeciallyarelosinghope.Wejustdon’tknowhoworevenwhattofix.MaybeElevencangivethesegirlsablueprint,orfaiththattheycanonedaybeinchargeagain.Maybeshecanencouragethosegirlstofightback.Somewheredeepdown,theysensethatrageisexactlytherightthingtofeel.Andwhywastethatpassionslammingdoorsandcursingbrotherswhentheirangercouldbeemployedtoconquersomuchmore?Forourdaughters,Elevenlaysoutapathintothefuture.Simplybeingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerenough.Circumstancesarecallingforanewsortofheroine,onewithabrainpotentenoughtomakethebestofheranger.4.WhatcanweknowaboutClementineaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Clementineconsidersgirlsfoolish.B.ClementineisobsessedwithTVdramas.C.Clementinepossessessupernaturalpower.D.Clementinesometimesbehavesinaboyishway.5.Whyistheauthorinterestedinherdaughter’snewidol?A.Becausetheauthoriscuriousabouthowthedarkforceisdefeated.B.Becausetheauthorisnotsurewhetherherdaughterispowerfulenough.C.BecausetheauthortriestounderstandifherdaughterdoesadmireEleven.D.BecausetheauthorwantstofigureoutwhetherElevenisaproperidoltofollow.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“suchpowers”inparagraph2referto?A.Brillianceanddesire.B.Competenceandsmartness.C.Angeranditsapplication.D.Hopeanditscrisis.7.Whichoffollowingmightbetheauthor’sadviceforgirls?AYounggirlsshouldhavetheirownmodelstofollow.B.Itisnecessaryforgirlstomanagetheirnegativeemotions.C.Theworldneverexpectsgirlstobeangrywithpeoplearoundthem.D.Beingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerimportantforgirls’growth.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B 【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者女兒Clementine沉迷于《怪奇物語》中的角色Eleven，想當一位女英雄，而作者也贊成女兒的做法，認為形勢需要一個新的女英雄，一個有足夠強大的大腦來充分利用她的憤怒的女英雄?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Sandwichedbetweentwobrothers,Clementineisroughandawkwardattimes,whatbackinmydaypeoplecalledatomboy.(Clementine夾在兩個兄弟之間，有時粗魯笨拙，在我那個時代人們稱之為假小子。)”可知，Clementine有時表現(xiàn)得很男孩子氣。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題，由文章第二段“Forthemostpart,I’mthrilledthatClementinewantstobeEleven,whoistherareyoungheroine,equallybrilliantandrawandpossessedofperseveranceandhope,withadesireforhumanconnectionandtheskilltobattletheevil.(在大多數(shù)情況下，我很高興Clementine想成為Eleven，她是一位罕見的年輕女英雄，同樣才華橫溢，充滿毅力和希望，渴望與人建立聯(lián)系，并具備與邪惡作斗爭的技能。)”以及“Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?(但我感興趣的是，我的女兒發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個角色，她的主要情感是巨大的憤怒，她在劇中的主要角色是學(xué)會引導(dǎo)她的憤怒來擊敗黑暗勢力。Clementine看到了她渴望或認同的東西嗎？如果她有這樣的權(quán)力，她會想做什么？)”可知，作者對女兒新偶像感興趣的原因是試圖了解她的女兒是否真的很欣賞Eleven。故選C項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段“Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?(但我感興趣的是，我的女兒發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個角色，她的主要情感是巨大的憤怒，她在劇中的主要角色是學(xué)會引導(dǎo)她的憤怒來擊敗黑暗勢力。Clementine看到了她渴望或認同的東西嗎？如果她有這樣的權(quán)力，她會想做什么？)”可知，文章中suchpowers指代前文“channelherangertodefeatadarkforce”即憤怒以及如何應(yīng)用憤怒。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Somewheredeepdown,theysensethatrageisexactlytherightthingtofeel.Andwhywastethatpassionslammingdoorsandcursingbrotherswhentheirangercouldbeemployedtoconquerso muchmore?(在內(nèi)心深處的某個地方，她們感覺到憤怒正是正確的感覺。既然兄弟們的憤怒可以用來征服更多，為什么還要浪費這種激情去摔門詛咒男孩們呢？)”以及文章最后一段“Forourdaughters,Elevenlaysoutapathintothefuture.Simplybeingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerenough.Circumstancesarecallingforanewsortofheroine,onewithabrainpotentenoughtomakethebestofheranger.(對于我們的女兒們來說，Eleven為她們開辟了一條通往未來的道路。僅僅雄心勃勃和足智多謀是不夠的。形勢需要一個新的女英雄，一個有足夠強大的大腦來充分利用她的憤怒的女英雄。)”可知，作者建議女孩們應(yīng)管理好自己的消極情緒（憤怒），不應(yīng)該用它來做一些破壞性事情，而應(yīng)用它作更多有意義的事情，成為女英雄。故選B項。CInthewinterof2022,AndreasKellerdecidedthetimewasrighttobranchoutfromhisdayjobasascientistandlaunchanewartgallery.Notjustanygallery,butonedevotedentirelytosmell-basedart.Smellhasalwaysbeenourunderdogsense,though.Ourscientificunderstandingofhowsmellworksfallssofarbehindourgraspofhearingandvision,andsmellscannotatthispointberecordedoremailedorInstagrammed.It’sbothprimitiveandcomplex,whichmakesithardtostudyandharderstilltobringintoourincreasinglydigitalexistence.“Whenyouareaskedtosmellart,”Kellersays,“yourealizehowpooryourperceptionoftheworldiswhenyoulimityourselftothevisual.”Forseveralweeks,thegallery’swindowswerecoveredintintoallowforfullimmersioninthesmellof“oldbanana”and“youngbanana”.Orthevisitorsmaygetasmellofaperfumer’sinterpretationofwhatabeavermightsmellliketoadogorabee’shomemadeperfume.Somepeoplegotveryconfused.Thenthere’salwayssomebodywhocan’tsmellanythingandthinksit’sasillytrick.Thosevisitorswillingandabletostayandthinkcarefullyaboutascentbythenameof“sinner”oftenargueaboutwhattheyaresmellingisthathospitalstuff?Churchincense(熏香)?ThesepersonalresponsesareexactlywhatKellerhasdevotedmuchofhisacademiclifetostudying:Whydovariousindividualsseemtounderstandthesamesmellsdifferently,orinterpretthesamesmellsindifferentways,ornotnoticesomeofthematall?Suchquestionsareattheheartofthelargerproblemofhowsmellsarecodedbythebrain.Perhapsscientistwillsooncatchwindoftheanswers,asthepandemichasalsobroughtafloodofnewfundingtothisfield.Progressinthisfieldmaydependonunusualcreativityandcooperation,betweenperfumersandlanguageexperts,artistsandengineers.“Perceptionisaphilosophicalaswellasascientificproblem.”Kellersays.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“underdog”inparagraph2?A.Acquired.B.Strong.C.Natural.D.Ignored. 9.Whydidsomevisitorsthinktheywerefooled?A.Becausetheyfeltsick.B.Becausetheysmeltnothing.C.Becausetheywerelimitedtothevisual.D.Becausetheywereimmersedinthesmellofbanana.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthescienceofsmell?A.Itiscodedbythebrainindifferentways.B.Ithassufferedfromlackoffundsforalongtime.C.Ithasthepotentialtoanswerphilosophicalquestions.D.Itneedstheteamworkofprofessionalsinvariousfields.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SniffingOuttheScienceofSmellingB.SmellingExperiment—ASillyTrickC.InterpretingSmellsinDifferentWaysD.ArguingAboutSmelling—AHospitalStuff【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個只需要用鼻子聞的藝術(shù)館。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Ourscientificunderstandingofhowsmellworksfallssofarbehindourgraspofhearingandvision,andsmellscannotatthispointberecordedoremailedorInstagrammed.It’sbothprimitiveandcomplex,whichmakesithardtostudyandharderstilltobringintoourincreasinglydigitalexistence.(我們對氣味工作原理的科學(xué)理解遠遠落后于我們對聽覺和視覺的理解，而且氣味目前還無法被記錄下來、通過電子郵件發(fā)送或在Instagram上傳播。氣味既原始又復(fù)雜，這使得它很難研究，更難以將其帶入我們?nèi)找鏀?shù)字化的生活中)”可知，嗅覺難以理解和轉(zhuǎn)化，不如聽覺和視覺那樣應(yīng)用廣泛。由此推知，劃線詞underdog表示“被忽視的”。故選D項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Somepeoplegotveryconfused.Thenthere’salwayssomebodywhocan’tsmellanythingandthinksit’sasillytrick.(有些人很困惑?？傆腥寺劜坏饺魏螙|西，認為這是一個愚蠢的把戲)”可知，總是會有人什么也聞不出來，覺得這個是惡作劇。故選B項?！?0題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Progressinthisfieldmaydependonunusualcreativityandcooperation,betweenperfumersandlanguageexperts,artistsandengineers.“Perceptionisaphilosophicalaswellasascientificproblem.”Kellersays.(這一領(lǐng)域的進步可能取決于香水師和語言專家、藝術(shù)家和工程師之間不同尋常的創(chuàng)造力和合作?！案兄且粋€哲學(xué)問題，也是一個科學(xué)問題。”凱勒說)”可知，該領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展有賴于異乎尋常的創(chuàng)造性和合作等。由此推知，嗅覺科學(xué)需要來自不同領(lǐng)域的專家的共同努力。故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthewinterof2022,AndreasKellerdecidedthetimewasrighttobranchoutfromhisdayjobasascientistandlaunchanewartgallery.Notjustanygallery,butonedevotedentirelytosmell-basedart.(2022年冬天，安德烈亞斯·凱勒(AndreasKeller)決定是時候從他的科學(xué)家日常工作中走出來，創(chuàng)辦一家新的藝術(shù)畫廊了。不是隨便一家畫廊，而是一家完全致力于嗅覺藝術(shù)的畫廊)”及下文介紹可知，本文主要介紹了一個嗅覺藝術(shù)館。由此可知，SniffingOuttheScienceofSmelling(嗅出嗅覺的科學(xué))適合作本文最佳標題。故選A項。DAteamofurbanplannersandinformationscientistsatTsinghuaUniversityinChinahasfoundthatanAI-basedurbanplanningsystemcouldoutperformhumanexpertsincreatingurbanplanningdesigns.Intheirstudy,thegroupintroducedthefactorsfortheidealurbanplanandhowwelltheirAIdidwhentested.Formuchofhistory,citieshavebeenlefttogroworganically—immediateneedsweredeterminedandurbanplannersattemptedtofulfillthoseneeds.Sucharandomapproachtourbangrowthhasoftenledtoless-favoredresults.Inmorerecenttimes,cityofficialsandotherplannershaveattemptedtotakeamorelogicalapproachtotheproblembycreatingdesignsthataccountforlivabilityandpollutioncontrols.Thishasresultedinthedevelopmentofurbanplanningasascienceandtheemergenceofurbandevelopmentprofessionals.Thissciencecanbecomplicatedduetotheincreasingnumberofvariablesthatmustbeaccountedforasanewdevelopmentexpands.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamattemptedtoapplyAItoeasetheburden.Inhopethatresidentsoftheplannedcommunitycouldtravelfromtheirhomestoessentialserviceswithin15minutes,theresearcherstrainedthesystemwithpriorplanscraftedbyhumansalongwithfactorsthatarebelievedtobegooddesignfeaturessuchastheinclusionofparks,generalgreenery,bikepathsandplacesforentertainment,thusimprovingtheirqualityoflife.Oncethesystemwasbuilt,theresearchgroupusedittofirstdesignasmall-sizecityblock.Theywouldadjustthesystemforfurtherimprovementsandgraduallyincreasedthesizeandstudieditsresults.Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).Theteamconcludesthattheirsystemisnotmeanttoreplacehuman urbanplanners,buttofreethemfromthemundane(單調(diào)的)partsofurbanplanning,allowingthemtofocusonoverallconcepts.Hopefully,itwouldbeanefficiencybooster,ifdoneright.12.Whywasurbanplanningoftenunsatisfactoryinhistory?A.Urbangrowthwasnotwell-organized.B.Urbanplanningexpertswereinshortage.C.Cityofficialsfailedtomeetresidents’needs.D.Cityofficialsignoredthefactorsforidealurbanplan.13.WhatfactorsdidtheresearchteamconsiderwhentrainingtheAIsystem?A.Largecommunityandecoparks.B.Economicdevelopmentandjobopportunities.C.Smoothtrafficandadvancedgreenbelt.D.Convenienttransportandpublicservices.14.WhatisthemainadvantageoftheAI-basedurbanplanningsystem?A.Itreducestheburdenonhumanurbanplanners.B.Itguaranteesoptimalresultsforurbandevelopment.C.Itensuresfastercompletionofurbanplanningprojects.D.Iteliminatestheneedforanyhumaninvolvementinplanning.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheAIsystem?A.Dismissive.B.Approving.C.Critical.D.Ambiguous.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項研究表明基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)在創(chuàng)建城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計方面可以勝過人類專家，但該系統(tǒng)并不是要取代人類城市規(guī)劃者，而是要讓他們從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來，讓他們能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谡w概念。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Formuchofhistory,citieshavebeenlefttogroworganically—immediateneedsweredeterminedandurbanplannersattemptedtofulfillthoseneeds.Sucharandomapproachtourbangrowthhasoftenledtoless-favoredresults.(在歷史的大部分時間里，城市都是有組織地發(fā)展的——直接需求是確定的，城市規(guī)劃者試圖滿足這些需求。這種對城市發(fā)展的隨機方法往往導(dǎo)致不太受歡迎的結(jié)果)”可知，人們想要城市有組織地發(fā)展，但對城市發(fā)展的隨機方法往往導(dǎo)致不太受歡迎的結(jié)果，即城市規(guī)劃在歷史上常常令人不滿意。故選A項。 【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Inhopethatresidentsoftheplannedcommunitycouldtravelfromtheirhomestoessentialserviceswithin15minutes,theresearcherstrainedthesystemwithpriorplanscraftedbyhumansalongwithfactorsthatarebelievedtobegooddesignfeaturessuchastheinclusionofparks,generalgreenery,bikepathsandplacesforentertainment,thusimprovingtheirqualityoflife.(為了希望規(guī)劃社區(qū)的居民能夠在15分鐘內(nèi)從家中前往基本服務(wù)，研究人員用人類事先制定的計劃以及被認為是良好設(shè)計特征的因素對該系統(tǒng)進行了培訓(xùn)，如公園、一般綠化、自行車道和娛樂場所，從而提高了他們的生活質(zhì)量)”可知，研究團隊在訓(xùn)練人工智能系統(tǒng)時考慮了如公園、一般綠化、自行車道和娛樂場所等這些設(shè)施，即考慮了“便捷的交通和公共服務(wù)”兩個因素。故選D項。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamattemptedtoapplyAItoeasetheburden.(在這項新的努力中，研究團隊試圖應(yīng)用人工智能來減輕負擔)”和最后一段中“Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).Theteamconcludesthattheirsystemisnotmeanttoreplacehumanurbanplanners,buttofreethemfromthemundane(單調(diào)的)partsofurbanplanning,allowingthemtofocusonoverallconcepts.(事實證明，該系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的計劃與人類創(chuàng)建的計劃一樣好或更好，但時間卻大大縮短（從數(shù)小時縮短到數(shù)秒）。該團隊得出結(jié)論，他們的系統(tǒng)并不是要取代人類城市規(guī)劃者，而是要讓他們從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來，讓他們能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谡w概念)”可知，基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)的主要優(yōu)勢是規(guī)劃城市用時短，能讓人類城市規(guī)劃者從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來，減輕人類城市規(guī)劃者的負擔。故選A項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).(事實證明，該系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的計劃與人類創(chuàng)建的計劃一樣好或更好，但時間卻大大縮短（從數(shù)小時縮短到數(shù)秒）)”和“Hopefully,itwouldbeanefficiencybooster,ifdoneright.(如果做得好的話，希望它能提高效率)”可知，基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)有其優(yōu)勢，作者希望它能做得更好、提高效率，可得出作者對其持贊成態(tài)度。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manyfriendshipshitroughpatches.Sometimesitisworththeemotionalstraintoworkthroughyourproblems,whileatothertimes,especiallywhenafriendshipisharmful,itisn’t.____16____Herearesometipsforreference.●Reflectandwritedownthegood.Beforeyoufaceadifficultconversationwithafriend,pauseandreflectfirst.Thinkofaspecificmomentthat thisfriendshiphasbroughtyoujoyorexcitement.Usingthatmemoryasinspirationtowritedownthingsyouappreciateaboutafriend.____17____Evenifthereisstilltension,thatappreciationwillgoalongwaytobuildingmutualunderstanding.●Chooseadifferentwaytocommunicate.Ifrepaireffortshavenotworkedviayourusualtechchannels,tryanotherwaytocommunicate.____18____Sendsomepostcards,deliverexquisitehandicraftsormailsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy.Attachedwiththesegifts,ahand-writtenletterexplainingwhyyouthinktherelationshipfeelsawkwardandwhyyouwanttorepairitishighlyrecommended.●____19____Ifyoutakeastepbackfromthefriendshipandnoticethatit’sdoingmoreharmthangood,forexample,yourfriendisn’trootingforyoursuccess,bulliesyou,isinconsiderate,oryoufeeldrainedormisunderstoodbythem,itmightbetimetoendinsteadofmend.____20____Inotherwords,thegooddoesnotnecessarilyoutweighthebadifthere’stoomuchbad.Thus,droptherelationshiponceyouperceiveanydangeroussignshowingyouarebeinghurt.A.Followtheredflags.B.Menditbeforeit’stoolate.C.Peoplearethrilledtogetmailthat’snotacatalogorabill.D.Howtorepairafriendshiporleaveitbehindifit’stoxic?E.Notallfriendshipslastalifetimeandit’sOKtogiveupabadone.F.Thisindicatesevaluatingthebalanceofharmversusgoodiscrucial.G.Then,sharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriendregardlessoftheoutcome.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。當友誼出現(xiàn)問題的時候，有時費神解決你的問題是值得的，而在其他時候，尤其是當友誼變得有害時，就不值得了。評估傷害與好處的平衡至關(guān)重要。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sometimesitisworththeemotionalstraintoworkthroughyourproblems,whileatothertimes,especiallywhenafriendshipisharmful,itisn’t.(有時，費神解決你的問題是值得的，而在其他時候，尤其是當友誼有害時，就不值得了。)”可知此處上下文說的是解決友誼的問題值得費神，但是如果友誼有害了，就不值得了，與D項“Howtorepairafriendshiporleaveitbehindifit’stoxic?(如何修復(fù)一段友誼，或者在它變得有害的情況下把它拋在腦后？)”表達的含義一致，故選D項。 【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Usingthatmemoryasinspirationtowritedownthingsyouappreciateaboutafriend.(用這段記憶作為靈感，寫下你對朋友的感激之情。)”可知此處上下文說的是將你對朋友的感激之情列清單，可推理出下文說的是使用這個清單改善友誼，與G項“Then,sharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriendregardlessoftheoutcome.(然后，在與朋友的對話中分享該單，而不管結(jié)果如何。)”表達的含義一致，故選G項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Sendsomepostcards,deliverexquisitehandicraftsormailsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy.(寄一些明信片，送上精美的手工藝品，或者給別人寄一本你認為他們會喜歡的書。)”可推理出此處上下文說的是寫一封信，里面要有讓對方高興的東西，與C項“Peoplearethrilledtogetmailthat’snotacatalogorabill.(人們很高興收到不是目錄或賬單的郵件。)”表達的含義一致，故選C項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyoutakeastepbackfromthefriendshipandnoticethatit’sdoingmoreharmthangood,forexample,yourfriendisn’trootingforyoursuccess,bulliesyou,isinconsiderate,oryoufeeldrainedormisunderstoodbythem,itmightbetimetoendinsteadofmend.(如果你從友誼中退一步，發(fā)現(xiàn)它弊大于利，例如，你的朋友不支持你的成功，欺負你，不體貼你，或者你覺得被他們耗盡了精力或誤解了，那么可能是時候結(jié)束而不是修復(fù)了。)”可知此處上下文說的是要注意友誼變得有害的信號，如果友誼變得有害了，要及時結(jié)束而不是去修復(fù)，與A項“Followtheredflags.(密切注視危險信號)”表達的含義一致，故選A項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Inotherwords,thegooddoesnotnecessarilyoutweighthebadifthere’stoomuchbad.(換句話說，如果壞的東西太多，那么好的東西并不一定大于壞的東西。)”可知此處上下文說的是對好壞的評估很重要，與F項“Thisindicatesevaluatingthebalanceofharmversusgoodiscrucial.(這表明評估傷害與好處的平衡至關(guān)重要。)”表達的含義一致，故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TomandIfoundthemoneythattherobbershidinthecave,anditmadeusrich.Weeachgotsixthousanddollars.Itwasanawful____21____ofmoneywhenitwaspiledup.JudgeThatcherkeptitinhishouse,and____22____usadollaraday.Thewidow(寡婦),Douglas,tookmeforherson,and____23____shewouldcivilizemebutitwas____24____livinginthehouseallthetime.Consideringhowmiserablyregularanddecentthewidow wasinallherwaysandsowhenIcouldstanditnolonger,I____25____.Igotintomyoldragsagain,andfelt____26____.ButTomSawyercameupandsaidhewasgoingtostartabandofrobbers,andImightjoinifIwouldgobacktothewidowandbe____27____.SoIwentback.Thewidowcriedoverme,calledmeapoorlostlamb,and____28____mealotofothernames,too,butshe____29____noharmbyit.Sheputmeinthenewclothesagain,andIfeltsonervousthatI_____30_____allover.Withnightapproaching,Iwentuptomyroomwithacandle.Afteralongtime,Iheardtheclock_____31_____twelveandallwasquietagain.PrettysoonIheardabranchbreakinthedark.Isatstillandlistenedattentively.Icould_____32_____hearafaint“me-yow!me-yow!”downthere.Thatwasgood!Isaid“me-yow!me-yow!”as_____33_____asIcould,andthenIputoutthe_____34_____,climbedoutofthewindowand_____35_____downtotheground.Sureenough,therewasTomSawyerwaitingforme.21.A.bitB.sightC.wasteD.weight22.A.savedB.paidC.fetchedD.charged23.A.announcedB.instructedC.predictedD.urged24.A.pleasantB.roughC.inconvenientD.dangerous25.A.felloverB.brokeawayC.tookoverD.ranaway26.A.refreshedB.ashamedC.dizzyD.proud27.A.braveB.creativeC.cuteD.respectable28A.gaveB.madeC.calledD.found29.A.meantB.showedC.sensedD.saw30.A.weptB.sweatedC.struggledD.heated31.A.windB.sayC.strikeD.sound32.A.clearlyB.barelyC.deliberatelyD.accidentally33.A.excitedB.loudC.softD.fluent34.A.clothesB.branchC.clockD.light35.A.steppedB.bentC.ranD.slid【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了哈克貝利·費恩被好心人收留，但是不安于天天住在房子里的生活，逃跑并與湯·姆索亞會合。【21題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那么多錢堆在一起，看上去實在是嚇人。A.bit小量；B.sight景象；C.waste浪費；D.weight重量。根據(jù)下文“whenitwaspiledup(當錢被堆積起來的時候)”可知，此處上下文說的是錢堆積起來的時候，他們看到的景象，故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：撒切爾法官把它放在他家里，每天給我們拿一美元。A.saved拯救；B.paid支付；C.fetched拿來；D.charged收費。根據(jù)上文“JudgeThatcherkeptitinhishouse(撒切爾法官把它放在他家里)”可知，撒切爾法官要把錢從他的家里帶給我們，故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：寡婦道格拉斯把我當成了她的兒子，并宣布她會教化我，但一直住在房子里很不舒服。A.announced宣布；B.instructed通知；C.predicted預(yù)測；D.urged強烈要求。根據(jù)下文“shewouldcivilizeme(她會教化我)”可知，這是寡婦道格拉斯告訴人們的決定，所以空白處應(yīng)填表示“宣布”含義的動詞，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.rough不舒服的；不適的；C.inconvenient不方便的；D.dangerous危險的。根據(jù)下文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當我再也忍受不了的時候)”可知，我感覺到一直在房子里住著感到不適，故選B項。【25題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：考慮到這位寡婦在各個方面都是多么的平凡和正派，當我再也受不了的時候，我就逃跑了。A.fellover意外地跌落；B.brokeaway突然離開；C.tookover接管；D.ranaway逃跑。根據(jù)上文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當我再也忍受不了的時候)”以及下文“Igotintomyoldragsagain(我又穿上了破爛衣服)”可推理出我從房子里逃跑了，故選D項。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我又穿上了破爛衣服，精神抖擻。A.refreshed恢復(fù)精神的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.dizzy眩暈的；D.proud自豪的。根據(jù)上文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當我再也忍受不了的時候)”可知，我在房子里的時候感到不適，可推理出我逃跑并穿上破爛衣服以后，擺脫了不適的感覺，精神抖擻，故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但湯姆·索亞走了過來，說他要組織一伙強盜，如果我能回到寡婦身邊，表現(xiàn)得體面一點，我就可以加入。A.brave勇敢的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.cute漂亮迷人的；D.respectable體面的。根據(jù)上文“gobacktothewidow(回到寡婦身邊)”可知，寡婦道格拉斯很體面，湯姆·索亞讓我回到寡婦身邊，變得體面一些，故選D項。 【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：寡婦為我哭泣，稱我為一只可憐的迷路的羔羊，還叫了我很多其他的名字，但她并沒有惡意。A.gave給；B.made制作；C.called稱呼；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“calledmeapoorlostlamb(稱我為一只可憐的迷路的羔羊)”以及下文“alotofothernames(很多其他的名字)”可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“稱呼”含義的動詞，故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.meant表示……的意思；B.showed出示；C.sensed感覺；D.saw看見。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，meannoharm為固定短語，含義為“沒有惡意”，符合句意，故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她又給我穿上了新衣服，我感到非常緊張，渾身都是汗。A.wept哭；B.sweated出汗；C.struggled斗爭；D.heated加熱。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltsonervousthat(我感到非常緊張，以至于……)”可知，我在換上新衣服的時候，感到不適，分析四個選項，B項“sweated出汗”表達的含義符合語境，故選B項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：過了很長時間，我聽到鐘敲了十二下，一切又安靜了下來。A.wind使喘不過氣來；B.say說；C.strike敲；D.sound發(fā)出聲響。根據(jù)上文“Iheardtheclock(我聽到鐘聲)”可知作者聽到了敲鐘的聲音，故選C項。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我勉強聽到下面微弱的“我喲！我喲！”。A.clearly清晰地；B.barely勉強地；C.deliberately故意地；D.accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)下文“faint(微弱的)”可知，聲音很微弱，我勉強聽見，故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我盡可能輕柔地說“我喲！我喲！”，然后我關(guān)了燈，爬出窗戶，滑到地上。A.excited激動的；B.loud大聲的；C.soft輕柔的；D.fluent流利的。根據(jù)上文“faint(微弱的)”可知，湯姆·索亞的聲音很微弱，因為當時為晚上十二點，他們之間說話不希望被別人聽到，所以我回應(yīng)的聲音盡可能輕柔，故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.clothes衣服；B.branch樹枝；C.clock鐘；D.light燈。根據(jù)上文“putout(熄滅)”可知，我熄滅了臥室的燈，故選D項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stepped踩；B.bent彎腰；C.ran跑；D.slid 滑落。根據(jù)上文“climbedoutofthewindow(爬出了窗戶)”以及下文“downtotheground(向下到了地面)”可知，我是從上面的窗戶滑到了下面的地面上，故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everydayat9am,ZhangCanjin,58,comestoDrumTowerStreetinNingboandwalksintoasmallhouse____36____lessthan10squaremeters.Settlinghimself____37____(comfortable)inhisusualchair,theinheritorofcoppercoinknittingstartshisday.Inancienttimes,coppercoins____38____(represent)fortuneandwealth.Linkingcoppercoinsonebyonehadthepositivemeaningofaccumulatingwealth.In2018,coppercoinknittingwaslistedas____39____intangibleculturalheritage.Zhanglearnedtheskillfromhisdad____40____young.Thereweren’tthatmanyideasbackthen,justtraditionaloneslikeChineseknotsandswords.Butthisdidn’tsatisfyZhangashegraduallymasteredtheskill.“Knittingthecoinsintodifferentshapesdoesn’tsounddifficult,buttheessenceis____41____(think)bigandbecreative.”Zhangsaid.Sincestartinghiscoppercoinknittingstorein2014,Zhang____42____(spare)noeffortinthinkingbig.Toattractpublicattentionandbetterpromotetheskill,Zhangspenttwomonthscraftingarmor(鎧甲)usingover8,000coins,____43____(tailor)tohisownbodyproportions,in2017.Hethenappliedforanationalpatentfollowingthework’s____44____(complete).Thissuccessgavehimmoreconfidencetocontinuewithhiswork.Evennow,Zhanguseshiswealthofcreativeideastomakemorecoppercoinproductsandsharestheskillwitha____45____(wide)audience.【答案】36.of37.comfortably38represented39.an40.when##while41.tothink42.hasspared##hasbeensparing43.tailored44.completion45.wider【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)銅幣編織的繼承者——張燦金?！?6題詳解】 考查介詞。句意：每天早上9點，58歲的張燦金來到寧波鼓樓街，走進一幢不到10平方米的小房子。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用介詞，表示“……的”應(yīng)用of。故填of?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這位銅幣編織的繼承者舒舒服服地坐在他常坐的椅子上，開始了一天的工作。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞的形式作狀語修飾動詞。故填comfortably?！?8題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在古代，銅錢象征著財富。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語“inancienttimes(在古代)”可知，句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動詞的過去式的形式。故填represented?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：2018年，銅錢編織被列為非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。設(shè)空后為名詞單數(shù)heritage，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞的形式，空后為元音音素開頭的形容詞，應(yīng)用an。故填an?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：張先生很小的時候就跟他爸爸學(xué)了這門手藝。本句為時間狀語從句的省略，原句為：when/whilehewasyoung，當從句的主語和主句的主語一致且含有動詞be時，可省略從句的主語和be動詞。表示“當……的時候”為when/while。故填when/while?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：“把硬幣編織成不同的形狀聽起來并不難，但關(guān)鍵是要有遠見和創(chuàng)造力?！睆堈f。設(shè)空處為非謂語作句子的表語，應(yīng)用動詞不定式表將來。故填tothink?！?2題詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：自從2014年開辦銅錢針織店以來，張就不遺余力地想要做大。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語“Sincestartinghiscoppercoinknittingstorein2014(自從2014年開辦銅錢針織店以來)”可知，句子的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時；也可表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，結(jié)合主謂一致。故填hasspared/hasbeensparing?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了吸引公眾的注意，更好地推廣這項技能，2017年，張花了兩個月的時間，用8000多枚硬幣根據(jù)自己的身體比例制作了盔甲。設(shè)空處在句中作定語，修飾名詞armor，所以應(yīng)該用非謂語，動詞tailor和名詞armor之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞的形式。故填tailored?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：工作完成后，他申請了國家專利。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞的形式completion作賓語，當其意為“完成；結(jié)束”時，其為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填completion?！?5題詳解】 考查形容詞的比較級。句意：即使是現(xiàn)在，張還在用他豐富的創(chuàng)意制作更多的銅幣產(chǎn)品，并與更廣泛的觀眾分享他的技術(shù)。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，根據(jù)空前的more，可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)用比較級。故填wider。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是公眾號“山城學(xué)術(shù)圈”主席李華。隨著冬天的到來，學(xué)生們疏于鍛煉。請代表學(xué)生會給全校學(xué)生寫一封倡議信，呼吁大家勤于鍛煉。內(nèi)容包括：1.鍛煉的意義；2.推薦運動項目并給出理由。Dearfellowstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnion【答案】Dearfellowstudents,I’mLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnion.Giventhedeclineinourphysicalactivitylevelswithwinterapproaching,Iappealtoallofthestudentstoexercisemore.Itisuniversallyrecognizedthatexerciseisofgreatsignificancetophysicalandmentalhealth.Besidesboostingourimmunesystem,takingregularexerciseenhancesourconcentrationandreducesstresscomingfromstudy.Toencourageeveryonetoliveamoreactivelife,Irecommendengaginginjoggingandskippingrope,whicharecost-effectivewaystoenhanceenduranceandmaintainahealthyweight.Playingbasketballisanotherrecommendationespeciallyresonatingwithboys’interest.Notonlydoesitprovideafull-bodyworkoutbutalsoteamspiritiscultivatedduringtheplay.Comeon!Let’scollectivelyprioritizeourwell-beingbydedicatingtimetoexercise,achievingexcellenceinbothouracademicandphysicalpursuits.StudentUnion【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于倡議信。要求考生給全校學(xué)生寫一封倡議信，呼吁大家勤于鍛煉。【詳解】1.詞匯積累 呼吁：callon→appealto意義：meaning→significance建議：suggest→recommend增強：improve→enhance2句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：I’mLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnion.拓展句：I’mLiHua,whoispresidentoftheStudentUnion.【點睛】【高分句型1】Itisuniversallyrecognizedthatexerciseisofgreatsignificancetophysicalandmentalhealth（運用了it作形式主語代替后面that引導(dǎo)的主語從句）【高分句型2】Toencourageeveryonetoliveamoreactivelife,Irecommendengaginginjoggingandskippingrope,whicharecost-effectivewaystoenhanceenduranceandmaintainahealthyweight.（運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性的定語從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Hermouthopeninbothwonderandhorror,Miastaresatthebushcricketthathaslandedinfrontofheronthepicnictable.ThegirliscampingwithherparentsnearFishRiverCanyoninNamibia,insouthwestAfrica.Duringthefirstfewmonthsofayear-longtripthroughAfrica,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,Miaisseeingtheworldwithherparents.Itisafamily’sjourneytoseetheworldbeforeit’stoolatethough.FarfromtheirhomeinQuebec,thefamilies’experiences,brimmingwithcolour,shape,touchandsmell,areespeciallyimportanttothem.Becauseunlesssciencemakesabreak-throughsoon,thelittledaughterMiawillbecomeblind,likelyinadulthood.Shehasbeendiagnosedwithadiseasethathasnoeffectivetreatmentasitgraduallyrobsherofsight.ForMia’sparents,momEdithanddadSebastien,thediagnosecameafterafour-yearsearchforthereasontheirdaughtercouldn’tseeatnight.ThenMia,bangedintofurniturethathermomanddadcouldmakeoutoncetheireyesadjustedtothedark.In2013,whenMiawasthree,thefamilybeganafrustratingseriesofvisitstodoctors,noneofwhomhadananswerforherlackofnightvision.In2015,asalastresort,apediatricophthalmologist(兒童眼科醫(yī)生)enrolledthefamilyinaresearchprojectinwhichtheirentiregenewasmappedout.RP,thenameofthediseasewhichhauntedthepoorgirl,affectedthetissueatthebackoftheeyethatinterpretedimagesinbothblackandwhite,andcolour.Asthediseaseprogresses,thecellsinthemiddle,usedforseeingincolourandforeverydayactivitieslike readingandwriting,dieoff,too.Theparentswerecalledintothedoctor’soffice,wherethespecialistgaveittothemstraight:“Sofar,nocure.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Miawaitingathome,thebadlystrickenparentsstumbledback.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Andsotheideaofayear-longtripwasborn.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】【參考范文】Miawaitingathome,thebadlystrickenparentsstumbledback.Awashwithemotion,Edithscootedintothebathroom,criedgasping,heavingsobs.Duringdinner,Edithmanagedasmileandbrokethenews,“Sweetie,youmaygoblindinadulthood.”Thecoupleheldtheirbreath.“Oh,that’snotfun,”Miasaid.“ButI’llfindthesolution.”Laterthatweek,thecouplewatchedtheyoungsoul,unprompted,tofeelherwayaroundthehousewitheyesclosed,upthestairsanddown,throughthekitchenandlivingroom.Seeingit,thecouplemadeadecision.Andsotheideaofayear-longtripwasborn.Afteranelaboratepreparation,thewholefamilysetout.Theytraveledtheplacesthattheywantedtogoto.Eachday,EdithandSebastienwatchedtheirkidchange,physicallyandemotionally.Miagrewtallerand,onthecuspofadolescence,neededmoreindependence.Besides,shebecamemoreconfidentandoutgoing,unafraidtoengagewithstrangers.Thefamilyitselfgrewmoretight-knitandprotectiveofeachother,whichhelpedwhentheyfacedsituationsthatweredifficulttoexplain.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】 本文以人物為線索展開，文章一開始講述了米婭和家人在非洲旅行，探索世界，之后講述其背后的原因；四年前米婭晚上看不見，父母帶她去看病，她被診斷出一種沒有有效治療方法的疾病，醫(yī)生說這種疾病會逐漸使她失明?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“米婭在家等著，悲痛欲絕的父母跌跌撞撞地回來了?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫父母回家后的反應(yīng)，告訴米婭實情，米婭的解決方法和父母的決定。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“于是，一年之旅的想法誕生了?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫全家出發(fā)去旅行，米婭在旅行中的變化和家庭聯(lián)系更緊密。2.續(xù)寫線索：父母悲痛回家——告訴米婭實情——米婭就此找應(yīng)對方法——父母的決定——一年之旅想法誕生——全家去旅行——米婭在旅行中的變化——家庭聯(lián)系更緊密3.詞匯激活行為類①作決定：makeadecision/makeadetermination②想要做某事：wanttodosth./feellikedoingsth.③面臨：face/beconfrontedwith情緒類①哭泣：cry/weep②不害怕的：unafraid/fearless【點睛】[高分句型1].Seeingit,thecouplemadeadecision.(運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)[高分句型2].Thefamilyitselfgrewmoretight-knitandprotectiveofeachother,whichhelpedwhentheyfacedsituationsthatweredifficulttoexplain.(運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句和that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句)