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通州區(qū)2022—2023學(xué)年高一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試卷本試卷共8頁，共100分。考試時(shí)長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ChineseoperaChineseoperaisoneofthethreeoldestdramaticartformsintheworld.DuringtheTangDynasty,anemperorestablisheda(n)____1____schoolnamedPearGarden.Fromthattimeon,____2____ofChineseoperawerereferredtoas“disciples(弟子)ofthePearGarden”.SincetheYuanDynastyithasbeen____3____bycourtofficialsandemperorsandhasbecomeatraditionalartform.DuringtheQingDynasty,itbecamefashionableamong____4____people.Performanceswerewatchedintearooms,restaurants,andstages.ManyofthefeaturesthatcharacterizemodernChineseoperadevelopedinNorthernChina,includingtheuseofcertainset____5____likeSheng(theman),Dan(thewoman),Jing(thepaintedface)andChou(theclown).Itdevelopedfromfolksongs,dances,talkingandespeciallydistinctive(獨(dú)特的)dialectalmusic.Graduallyitcombinedmusic,artandliteratureintooneperformanceonthestage.Accompaniedby____6____musicalinstrumentslikeerhu,gong(鑼),andlute(琵琶),actorspresentuniquemelodiesaswelldialogueswhicharebeautifullywrittenandofhighliteraryvalue.ForChineseespeciallyseniorpeople,tolistentothiskindofoperaisareal____7____.BeijingOperaisconsideredtobetheessenceofChineseoperabutactually,thelanguageofBeijingOperaisnotthedialectofBeijing.In1790,fourfamousoperaperformingteamstraveledtoBeijing.TheycreatedtheBeijingOperaby____8____theirlocaloperawiththeoperasinHubei,ShanxiandZhejiang.Itwas____9____tocreateanewoperabasedontheoperasfromthesepartsofChina.Atthebeginning,theBeijingOperawasonlypopularinroyalfamiliesandbeforetoolong,ithad_____10_____toeverypartofaChina.Now,peoplefromallwalksoflifelikeit.1.A.artB.danceC.operaD.musical2.A.listenersB.foundersC.fansD.performers3.A.programmedB.encouragedC.preparedD.designed 4.A.seniorB.richC.ordinaryD.wise5.A.charactersB.dialoguesC.actorsD.actresses6.A.modernB.traditionalC.dramaticD.different7A.desireB.attitudeC.pleasureD.expectation8.A.combiningB.comparingC.workingD.providing9.A.surprisingB.interestingC.shockingD.amazing10.A.sentB.spreadC.broughtD.belonged【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.C5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國戲曲藝術(shù)的發(fā)展歷史。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：唐朝時(shí)，一位皇帝建了一所戲劇學(xué)校，名叫梨園。A.art藝術(shù)；B.dance舞蹈；C.opera戲??；D.musical音樂片。根據(jù)“Chineseoperawerereferredtoas“disciples(弟子)ofthePearGarden”.”可知，梨園是中國唐代培養(yǎng)戲曲人才的機(jī)構(gòu)。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，中國戲曲演員被稱為“梨園弟子”。A.listeners聽眾；B.founders創(chuàng)立者；C.fans愛好者；D.performers表演者；演員。根據(jù)“disciples(弟子)ofthePearGarden”可知，梨園培養(yǎng)戲曲演員，所以過去稱戲曲演員為“梨園子弟”。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自元朝以來，它一直受到朝廷官員和皇帝的鼓勵(lì)，并已成為一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式。A.programmed編制程序；安排；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備；D.designed設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)“andhasbecomeatraditionalartform.”可知，戲曲已成為一種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式，這與它一直受到朝廷官員和皇帝的“支持”分不開。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在清朝，它在普通百姓中成為一種時(shí)尚。A.senior高級(jí)的；B.rich富有的；C.ordinary普通的；D.wise明智的。根據(jù)“Performanceswerewatchedintearooms,restaurants,andstages.”可知，人們可以在茶室、餐廳和舞臺(tái)上觀看表演。這些場(chǎng)所并非大雅之堂，由此推斷觀看者是“普通”百姓。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代中國戲曲的許多特征都是在中國北方發(fā)展起來的，包括對(duì)某些特定角色的使用，如生（男人）、旦（女人）、凈（花臉）和丑（小丑）。A.characters角色；B.dialogues對(duì)話；C. actors男演員；D.actresses女演員。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikeSheng(theman),Dan(thewoman),Jing(thepaintedface)andChou(theclown).”可知，文中的生（男人）、旦（女人）、凈（花臉）和丑（小丑）是中國戲曲中人物角色的行當(dāng)分類。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在二胡、鑼、琵琶等傳統(tǒng)樂器的伴奏下，演員們呈現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的旋律和優(yōu)美的對(duì)白，具有很高的文學(xué)價(jià)值。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.dramatic戲劇性的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikeerhu,gong(鑼),andlute(琵琶),”可知二胡、鑼、琵琶等樂器是中國傳統(tǒng)樂器。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于中國人，尤其是老年人來說，聽這種歌劇是一種真正的樂趣。A.desire欲望；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.pleasure快樂；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)“ForChineseespeciallyseniorpeople,”可知，喜歡戲曲的大多為老年人，對(duì)他們而言聽?wèi)蛘媸且环N樂趣。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把當(dāng)?shù)氐膽蚯c湖北、山西和浙江的戲曲結(jié)合起來，創(chuàng)造了京劇。A.combining結(jié)合；B.comparing比較；C.working工作；D.providing提供。根據(jù)“Itwas____9____tocreateanewoperabasedontheoperasfromthesepartsofChina.”可知，京劇是以中國這些地方戲曲為基礎(chǔ)的一種新劇種。也就是說它把地方戲和湖北、山西、浙江的戲曲結(jié)合起來。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：以中國這些地區(qū)的戲曲為基礎(chǔ)創(chuàng)作一部新戲曲，真是太棒了。A.surprising令人驚訝的（側(cè)重“出人意料”）；B.interesting有趣的；C.shocking使人震驚的；D.amazing令人驚異的（側(cè)重“令人驚嘆的，很了不起”）。根據(jù)“”可知，根據(jù)上下文邏輯可知，要在中國這些地方戲的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)作出一種新劇并非易事，但京劇就這樣誕生了，令人驚嘆。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，京劇只在皇室中流行，不久，它就傳播到了中國的每一個(gè)地方。A.sent發(fā)送；B.spread傳播；C.brought帶來；D.belonged屬于。根據(jù)“DuringtheQingDynasty,itbecamefashionableamong____4____people.”可知，在清朝，戲曲成為時(shí)尚。由此推斷出，當(dāng)時(shí)它已經(jīng)傳播到中國的每一個(gè)地方。故選B。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。 Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeetagain.____11____strongsupportfromthegovernmentandtirelesseffortsofthecityspeople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcity____12____(become)ahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildfora____13____(bright)future.【答案】11.With12.hasbecome13.brighter【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要簡述了唐山地震后的重建和恢復(fù)?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于在唐山人民的大力支持和不懈努力下，地震廢墟上建起了一個(gè)新唐山。介詞with意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?，表示原因。故填With?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：新城已經(jīng)成為700多萬人口的家園，交通、工業(yè)和環(huán)境都有了很大的改善。表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語是Thenewcity，謂語動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbecome。【13題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：唐山市向中國和世界證明，在災(zāi)難面前，人們必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來，展現(xiàn)出保持積極和重建更光明未來的智慧。結(jié)合句意可知，用形容詞bright的比較級(jí)形式。故填brighter。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Theprojectbroughttogethergovernmentsandenvironmentalistsfromaroundtheworld.Templesandotherculturalsites____14____(take)downpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininaplace____15____theyweresafefromthewater.In1961,Germanengineersmovedthefirsttemple.Overthenext20years,thousandsofengineersandworkers____16____(rescue)22templesandcountlessculturalrelics.Fifty____17____(country)donatednearly$80milliontotheproject.【答案】14.weretaken15.where16.rescued17.countries 【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹來自世界各地的政府和環(huán)保人士拯救世界文化遺產(chǎn)所作的共同努力。【14題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：寺廟和其他文化遺址被一塊一塊地拆除，然后搬到一個(gè)安全的地方重新組裝起來。主語Templesandotherculturalsites為復(fù)數(shù)形式，且與動(dòng)詞take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。填weretaken?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：寺廟和其他文化遺址被一塊一塊地拆除，然后搬到一個(gè)安全的地方重新組裝起來。句中先行詞為aplace，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。【16題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在接下來的20年里，成千上萬的工程師和工人拯救了22座寺廟和無數(shù)的文物。陳述過去事實(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)。故填rescued?！?7題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：50個(gè)國家向該項(xiàng)目捐贈(zèng)了近8000萬美元。數(shù)詞Fifty后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填countries。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Theairisthinandwehavetorestseveraltimesontheshorthikefromcamp.Toourleft,snow-coveredmountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenough____18____(touch).Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjustmakeoutaherdofgracefulanimals.Thisiswhywe’rehere-toobserveTibetanantelopes.TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.____19____(watch)themmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass,I’mstruckbytheirbeauty.I’malsoremindedofthedangertheywerein.Theywerehunted,____20____(illegal),forthetheirvaluablefur.【答案】18.totouch19.Watching20.illegally【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。講述了作者觀看藏羚羊的經(jīng)歷?！?8題詳解】 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在我們的左邊，白雪覆蓋的山脈消失在似乎觸手可及的云層中。enough...todosth.“足夠用來做某事”，用不定式作結(jié)果狀語，故填totouch?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：看著它們慢慢地在綠色的草地上移動(dòng)，我被它們的美麗所打動(dòng)。分析句子可知，watch用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，與邏輯主語I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填Watching。【20題詳解】考查副詞。句意：因?yàn)樗滟F的羊毛，它們被非法獵取。修飾動(dòng)詞hunted用副詞作狀語，故填illegally。第三節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)從方框中選擇合適的詞語并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问酵瓿上铝芯渥?。dieout,makeout,relateto,adaptto,leadto,asif,dueto,makeprogress,referto,takepartin21.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemed________theworldwerecomingtoanend!22.Youdon’tneedto________adictionaryeverytimeyoumeetwithanewwordwhilereading.Youcanguessitsmeaningfromthecontext.23.BythelightofthemoonIcouldjust________shapesandoutlines.24.Doeseachsentence________themainidea?25.Theworldwillbedifferent,andwewillhavetobepreparedto________thechange.26.Bigchallenges,however,cansometimes________greatsolutions.27.Ifsomething________,itbecomeslessandlesscommonandeventuallydisappearscompletely.28.Aslongasyoustudyhard,youwillsurely________.29.Mostofthestudentsinourclass________thesportsmeetlastweek.30.Tomcamebacklate________acaraccidentonhiswayhome.【答案】21.asif22.referto23.makeout24.relateto25.adaptto26.leadto27.diesout28.makeprogress 29.tookpartin30.dueto【解析】【21題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：凌晨3點(diǎn)42分，一切都開始搖晃。好像世界末日就要到了！分析句子可知，該句為Itseemedasif…“看起來，似乎”的固定句型，滿足句意要求。故填asif。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：在閱讀過程中，你不需要每次遇到新單詞都去查字典。你可以從上下文猜出它的意思。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語referto“參考，查閱”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前不定式符號(hào)to，可知為動(dòng)詞原形。故填referto?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：借著月光，我只能辨認(rèn)出形狀和輪廓。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語makeout“辨認(rèn)出”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前could情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可知為動(dòng)詞原形。故填makeout?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：每句話都與中心思想有關(guān)嗎？根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語relateto“與……有關(guān)”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合句首Does助動(dòng)詞可知為動(dòng)詞原形。故填relateto。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：世界將變得不同，我們必須做好適應(yīng)這種變化的準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語adaptto“適應(yīng)”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前不定式符號(hào)to，可知為動(dòng)詞原形。故填adaptto?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：然而，巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時(shí)可以帶來偉大的解決方案。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語leadto“導(dǎo)致”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前can情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填leadto?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：如果某物滅絕的話它會(huì)越來越少最終直至消失。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語dieout“滅絕”，滿足句意要求，根據(jù)主句謂語動(dòng)詞becomes判斷從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語something不定代詞為單數(shù)，所以為動(dòng)詞的三單形式。故填diesout?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你一定會(huì)進(jìn)步的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語makeprogress“取得進(jìn)步”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前助動(dòng)詞will，可知為動(dòng)詞原形。故填makeprogress?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：我們班大多數(shù)學(xué)生參加了上周的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語takepart in“參加”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合該句時(shí)間狀語lastweek，可知為過去時(shí)。故填tookpartin?！?0題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：湯姆回來晚了，因?yàn)樗诨丶业穆飞铣隽塑嚨湣８鶕?jù)句意可知，此處為介詞短語dueto“因?yàn)椤?，滿足句意。故填dueto。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIfyou’dliketogosightseeing,thefollowingWorldHeritagesitesmaybeyourbestchoices.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaJiuzhaigouValley,whichliesinthenorthernpartofSichuanProvince,China,reachesaheightofmorethan4,800m,withaseriesofdifferentforestecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)).It’sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.Some140kindsofbirdsalsoliveinthevalley,aswellasanumberofendangeredplantsandanimals,includingthegiantpanda.JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.KhamiRuinsNationalMonumentThecityofKhami,whichdevelopedafterthecapitalofGreatZimbabwehadbeengivenupinthemid-16thcentury,isofgreatarchaeological(考古的)interest.ThediscoveryofobjectsfromEuropeandChinashowsthatKhamiwasamajorcentrefortradeoveralongperiodoftime.ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.HendersonIslandHendersonIsland,whichliesintheeasternSouthPacific,isoneofthefewatolls(環(huán)礁)intheworldwhoseecology(生態(tài))hasbeenuntouchedbyhumans.Itisparticularlyfamousforthe10plantsand4birdsthatcanonlybeseenontheisland.ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.OldCityofJerusalemAsaholy(神圣的)cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast,Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe“WorldHeritageinDangerList”thefollowingyear.31.WhatdoweknowaboutJiuzhaigouValleyaccordingtothepassage?A.ItliesinthenorthernpartofChina.B.Itisfamousformanyancientobjects. C.Wonderfulwaterfallscanbeseenthere.D.Ithasbeenuntouchedbyhumanbeings.32.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatJerusalem________.A.wasoncebusinesscenterfortradeB.wasgivenupinthemid-16thcenturyC.hasmorethan140kindsofbirdslivingthereD.isaholycityforthreemajorreligionsintheMiddleEast33.Accordingtothepassage,whichWorldHeritagesitewasmostrecentlyset?A.HendersonIsland.B.OldCityofJerusalem.C.KhamiRuinsNationalMonument.D.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea.【答案】31.C32.D33.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四處世界遺產(chǎn)地供游客選擇。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea”部分關(guān)鍵句“It’sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.”（它以其狹窄的地形和極好的瀑布而聞名。）可知，九寨溝以其狹窄的地形和極好的瀑布而聞名，由此可知，在九寨溝可以看到極好的瀑布。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OldCityofJerusalem”部分關(guān)鍵句“Asaholy(神圣的)cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast,Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.”（作為中東三個(gè)不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意義。）可知，耶路撒冷是中東三個(gè)不同宗教的圣城，由此可知，從這篇文章中，我們可以了解到耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea”部分關(guān)鍵句“JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.”（九寨溝于1992年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織確認(rèn)為世界遺產(chǎn)。）可知，九寨溝是1992年被確認(rèn)為世界遺產(chǎn)的；根據(jù)“KhamiRuinsNationalMonument”部分關(guān)鍵句“ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.”（它于1986年加入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。）可知，卡米國家遺址紀(jì)念地是1986年被確認(rèn)為世界遺產(chǎn)的；根據(jù)“HendersonIsland”部分關(guān)鍵句“Itwasrecordedinthe WorldHeritageListin1988.”（它于1988年被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。）可知，亨德森島是1988年被確認(rèn)為世界遺產(chǎn)的；根據(jù)“OldCityofJerusalem”部分關(guān)鍵句“ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe“WorldHeritageinDangerList”thefollowingyear.”（1981年被授予世界遺產(chǎn)地位，次年被列入“瀕危世界遺產(chǎn)名錄”。）可知，耶路撒冷古城是1981年被授予世界遺產(chǎn)地位，次年被列入“瀕危世界遺產(chǎn)名錄”，綜上所述，對(duì)比時(shí)間可知，最近確定的世界遺產(chǎn)是九寨溝風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。BIwasexcitedtotakemyrescueBeagle(比格犬)totherivertheotherday,asit’swithinwalkingdistanceofournewhome.Havingspentherfirstsixyearsinacage,Georgiehadneverseenabodyofwater,andIwantedtogettherebeforesunsettowatchherexperienceit.IwasgrowingincreasinglyimpatientaboutallthestopsherlittleBeaglenoserequired.Sheinspectedthegrassdirt,andtrees,andlicked(舔)whateverwasstucktotheroad.Thesewereallnewdiscoveriesforher,andshetookhertimestudyingthem.WhenIacceptedthatitwasfruitlesstohurryheralong,Iwhippedoutmycellphoneandbegantexting.IthoughtthatIneededsomethingtodowhileGeorgiewasslowingusdown.Then,forsomereason,Iheardthecicadas(蟬),andIrememberedthatthesoundofcicadasismyfavoritesoundintheworld.Thatawakenedsomethingburiedwithinmethatlongedforthesimplepleasuresthathadbeenreplacedbytechnology.Imadeaconsciousdecisiontobepresent,andtoenjoythejourneytotheriverJustlikeGeorgie.Now,Iadmiredtheflowersandthewindingivyonourpath.Ismelledthegrassandtheflowers,andthedirtandtheair.Itreasuredeachoneequally,asifdiscoveringthemforthefirsttime.Aswenearedourdestination,1realizedsomethingevenmoreimportant:Itdidn’tmatterifweevenreachedtheriver.Whymusttherealwaysbeadestination?Georgiehadnoideathatwehadadestination.Shewaspresentforthejourney,andshesavoredeverybitofthatsweetexperience.Therewasnoraceandnofinishline.NowI’mnotsurewhorescuedwhom.34.Whydidtheauthortakeoutthecellphone?A.Tokilltime.B.Toawakenthesimplepleasures.C.Tohurrythedogalong.D.Torecordthesoundofcicadas.35.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowIenjoyedthejourney.B.WhatIsawontheway.C.WhyItraveledtotheriver.D.WhetherIreachedmydestination.36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“savored”inthefifthparagraphmean?A.Smelt.B.Expected.C.Enjoyed.D.Deserved. 37.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SayGoodbyetoCellPhonesB.ThinklikeaDogC.LearntoGetalongwithPetsD.TraveltowardDestinations【答案】34.A35.A36.C37.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者學(xué)著像自己的狗Georgie一樣享受旅程的經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段WhenIacceptedthatitwasfruitlesstohurryheralong,Iwhippedoutmycellphoneandbegantexting．（當(dāng)我意識(shí)到催她走是徒勞的時(shí)候，我掏出手機(jī)，開始發(fā)短信。）可知，作者拿出手機(jī)是為了消磨時(shí)間。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Imadeaconsciousdecisiontobepresent,andtoenjoythejourneytotheriverJustlikeGeorgie．（我有意識(shí)地決定活在當(dāng)下，像Georgie一樣享受去河邊旅程。）以及第四段主要內(nèi)容為描述作者的旅途，可知，第四段主要講述了“我”如何享受這次旅行。故選A?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文everybitofthatsweetexperience可知她是這次旅行的親歷者，她盡情地享受著這次甜蜜的經(jīng)歷。故劃線單詞意思為“享受”。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Imadeaconsciousdecisiontobepresent,andtoenjoythejourneytotheriverJustlikeGeorgie．（我有意識(shí)地決定活在當(dāng)下，像Georgie一樣享受去河邊的旅程。）以及閱讀全文可知，本文主要講述了作者學(xué)著像自己的狗狗一樣享受旅程的經(jīng)歷。故B選項(xiàng)“像狗一樣思考”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】關(guān)于詞義猜測(cè)題做題技巧。詞義猜測(cè)題是閱讀理解中常見的一種題型，主要有對(duì)生詞的詞義猜測(cè)，熟詞新義以及代詞的猜測(cè)。其關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的時(shí)候，借助生活或者文化常識(shí)，確定單詞的詞義。如第三小題，根據(jù)下文everybitofthatsweetexperience可知她是這次旅行的親歷者，她盡情地享受著這次甜蜜的經(jīng)歷。故劃線單詞意思為“享受”。故選C。CTheworld’sanimalpopulationshavedecreasedbymorethantwo-thirdssince1970,accordingtoarecentresearchfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF).TheLondongroupprovidedinformationon32,000wildlifepopulationswhichincludedmorethan5,000species.Theresearchersfoundthatpopulationsizeshadreducedby69percentonaverage.Theysaidthelossof forests,humanexploitation(開發(fā))oftheenvironment,pollution,andclimatechangeweregreatcausesoftheloss.Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreat(威脅)towildlife.However,theresearchersadded,“ifwecannotlimitwarmingto1.5°C,climatechangeislikelytobecometheprimarycauseofbiodiversity(生物多樣性)lossinthecomingyears.”WildlifepopulationsinLatinAmericanandtheCaribbeanSeaareaweregreatlyaffected.Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereducedbyanaverageof83percentsince1970.Forexample,onepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1994and2016.Thesefindingsarearedflagthatwarnsofalargersystemfailureonthehorizon.Evenonespecies’populationreductioncanaffectotherspecies,eventuallyimpactingtheecosystem’s(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))abilitytofunction.Humansdependonastableclimate,predictableweatherpatterns,andproductivefarmlandandfisheriestothrive(蓬勃發(fā)展),butthecurrenttrendsaresevereenoughtothreatenmanylife-sustainingsystems.Ourfuturedependsonreversing(扭轉(zhuǎn))thelossofnaturejustasmuchasitdependsonaddressingclimatechange.Andyoucan’tsolveonewithoutsolvingtheother.Everyonehasaroleinreversingthesetrends,fromindividualstocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges,animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall,drivingwildlifetoextinctionandthreateningthewholenessoftheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.38.Whatisthegreatestthreattowildlifepopulationsrecently?A.Illegalhunting.B.Globalwarming.C.Land-usechange.D.Environmentalpollution.39.HowdoestheauthorexplainthereductionoffreshwaterwildlifeinParagraph3?A.Bylistingfigures.B.Byanalyzingthecauses.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byreferringtoaconcept.40.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Climatechangethreatensmanywildanimals.B.Farmlandisthebasisoflife-sustainingsystems.C.Extremeweathereventshavebecomemorefrequent.D.Speciesvarietyisimportanttomaintainastableecosystem.41.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainthedifficultyofrestoringecosystems.B.Tocallonpeopletotakeactiontoprotectnature.C.Topresenttheincreasingtrendofclimatechange. D.Toshowpeople’seffortsinmakingupforthelossofnature.【答案】38.C39.A40.D41.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了野生動(dòng)物種群數(shù)量自1970年以來已經(jīng)減少了三分之二以上?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreat(威脅)towildlife.(土地利用變化仍然是野生動(dòng)物面臨的最大威脅。)”可知，最近野生動(dòng)物種群面臨的最大威脅是土地利用變化。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereducedbyanaverageof83percentsince1970.Forexample,onepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1994and2016.(研究顯示，50多年來，這些地區(qū)的人口下降了94%。河流和湖泊棲息地的野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量減少最多。自1970年以來，淡水種群平均減少了83%。例如，從1994年到2016年，巴西亞馬孫河地區(qū)的粉紅河海豚數(shù)量下降了65%。)”可推斷，作者通過列出數(shù)字解釋第三段中淡水野生動(dòng)物的減少。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Evenonespecies’populationreductioncanaffectotherspecies,eventuallyimpactingtheecosystem’s(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))abilitytofunction.(即使一個(gè)物種的數(shù)量減少也會(huì)影響到其他物種，最終影響到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作能力。)”可知，物種多樣性對(duì)維持穩(wěn)定的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)很重要。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Everyonehasaroleinreversingthesetrends,fromindividualstocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges,animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall,drivingwildlifetoextinctionandthreateningthewholenessoftheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.(從個(gè)人到公司再到政府，每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任扭轉(zhuǎn)這些趨勢(shì)。如果沒有任何改變，動(dòng)物數(shù)量無疑將繼續(xù)下降，導(dǎo)致野生動(dòng)物滅絕，并威脅到我們賴以生存的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的整體性。)”及全文可推斷，本文的主要目的是呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)自然。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouhavebeenexposedtoanaturaldisaster(forexample,atornadoorhurricane),itisveryimportanttolearnwaysofcopingwithnaturaldisastersandtheirimpact(巨大影響).Naturaldisasterscanbeconsidered dangerouseventsthathaveahighpotentialtoplaceyouatrisk.____42____Unlikeothertraumatic(痛苦的)events,naturaldisasterscanalsoresultinthedestructionofpropertyandfinancialloss,furtheraffectingyourstresslevelsanddisrupting(擾亂)copingefforts.Despitetheeffectsofnaturaldisasters,therearestepsyoucantaketocope.____43____Overandoveragain,ithasbeenfoundthatsupportfromotherscanbeamajorfactorinhelpingpeopleovercomethenegativeeffectsofatraumaticevent.Giventhatanaturaldisastercanimpactanentirecommunity,yoursupportsystemmaybeweakenedbyanaturaldisaster.Trytoestablishaschedule.____44____Anaturaldisastercangreatlydisruptyourregularscheduleincreasingtheextenttowhichyourlifefeelsoutofcontrol.Comingupwithadaily,structuredschedulecanhelpyouestablishasenseofpredictability(可預(yù)測(cè)性)andcontrol.Talkabouttheeffectofthenaturaldisaster.____45____Anaturaldisastercanresultinstrongfeelingsofanger,anxiety,andsadness.Theseemotionsneedtobeexpressed.Ifyouholdthemin,theymayonlygrowstrongerinintensity.Practicehealthycopingstrategies.Followinganaturaldisaster,youwillexperienceanumberofintensenegativeemotions.____46____Alcoholuse,excessivesleep,orseekingcomfortinfoodmaybeeffectiveshort-termstrategiesformanagingemotionaldistress.However,inthelong-term,thesestrategieswon’taddresstherealissueandwillonlycauseyourdistresstoincrease.A.Seekoutandconnectwithsocialsupport.B.Trytolimitalltheothersourcesofstressinyourlife.C.Forexample,setregulartimesformeals,orwakingupinthemorning.D.Naturaldisasterscanbringabouthighlevelsofstress,anxiety,andanger.E.Shareyourfeelingswithothers,orfindsomewaystoexpressyouremotions.F.Therefore,itisveryimportanttoidentifyhealthywaysofmanagingtheseemotions.G.Yourmostimportanttaskfollowinganaturaldisasterisgettingyourlifebackinorder.【答案】42.D43.A44.C45.E46.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。每個(gè)人在生活中都有可能面臨突如其來的自然災(zāi)害，當(dāng)這樣的災(zāi)難真的來臨的時(shí)候，人們肯定會(huì)有壓力、恐懼等各種不適的情緒。文章告訴人們?nèi)绾蝸硖幚磉@種不適的感覺?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Unlikeothertraumatic(痛苦的)events,naturaldisasterscanalsoresultinthedestructionofpropertyandfinancialloss,furtheraffectingyourstresslevelsanddisrupting(擾亂)copingefforts.(與其他創(chuàng)傷性事件不同，自然災(zāi)害也會(huì)導(dǎo)致財(cái)產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的破壞，進(jìn)一步影響你的壓力水平，破壞你的應(yīng)對(duì)努力。) ”可知，自然災(zāi)害不但會(huì)造成財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，而且還會(huì)造成心理上的壓力。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Naturaldisasterscanbringabouthighlevelsofstress,anxiety,andanger.(自然災(zāi)害會(huì)帶來高度的壓力、焦慮和憤怒。)”符合上下文語境。故選D。【43題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Overandoveragain,ithasbeenfoundthatsupportfromotherscanbeamajorfactorinhelpingpeopleovercomethenegativeeffectsofatraumaticevent.(人們一次又一次地發(fā)現(xiàn)，來自他人的支持是幫助人們克服創(chuàng)傷性事件負(fù)面影響的主要因素。)”可知，要在其他人那里尋求幫助和支持。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Seekoutandconnectwithsocialsupport.(尋找并聯(lián)系社會(huì)支持。)”符合上下文語境。故選A?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Trytoestablishaschedule.(試著建立一個(gè)時(shí)間表。)”可知，要制訂一個(gè)時(shí)間表，所以此處應(yīng)具體來解釋這個(gè)做法。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Forexample,setregulartimesformeals,orwakingupinthemorning.(例如，固定吃飯時(shí)間，或者早上起床時(shí)間。)”舉例子說明要建立時(shí)間表，符合上下文語境。故選C?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Talkabouttheeffectofthenaturaldisaster.(談?wù)勛匀粸?zāi)害的影響。)”可知，通過和其他人交流的方式來釋放自己壓抑的情感。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Shareyourfeelingswithothers,orfindsomewaystoexpressyouremotions.(與他人分享你的感受，或者找到一些方式來表達(dá)你的情緒。)”符合上下文語境。故選E?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Followinganaturaldisaster,youwillexperienceanumberofintensenegativeemotions.(自然災(zāi)害之后，你會(huì)經(jīng)歷一系列強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)面情緒。)”可知，當(dāng)在自然災(zāi)害中有強(qiáng)烈的消極情感體驗(yàn)后，一定要會(huì)用健康的方法去調(diào)整這樣的情感。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Therefore,itisveryimportanttoidentifyhealthywaysofmanagingtheseemotions.(因此，找到管理這些情緒的健康方式是非常重要的。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，28分)第一節(jié)(共3小題;第47、48題各2分，第49題4分，共8分)閱讀下面的短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成對(duì)該問題的回答。答語要結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整，字跡清楚。Goodmorning...Ihopeyouallaredoingwellinyourstudiesandifthereisaproblemrelatedtoyourstudies,pleasefeelfreetocometomyoffice.Today,IandalltheteachersdecidedtogatherallthechildrenforthespeechonWorldHeritageDay.Sincethedayisaroundthecorner,Iwantedtogiveknowledgetomychildrenonthissubject.AsaPrincipalofthisschool,Itrynotonlytomakemychildrenperformwellinstudies,butalsotoenlightenthemonsubjectswhichareverymuchconcernedaboutmankind. WorldHeritagehasbeendescribedasthecommonwealthofmankind.Thisdayisagreatreminderofourrichculturalpastanditisourresponsibilitythatweprotectourheritagenotonlyforourselvesbutforfuturegenerations.Undoubtedly,heritagesitesshouldbepreservedandprotected.Theyareinvaluablewealthformankind.ThedateoftheholdingofWorldHeritageDayisApril18anditwasfirststartedintheyear1982.IamspeakingfrommypersonalexperienceandIamsureeveryoneofyoumusthavenoticedatsomepoint.Regardingthefactthatmanypeoplehavedevelopedirresponsible(negligent)attitudetowardsournationalheritage.Thisisthereasonthatheritagebuildingsareoftenfounddamaged.However,itisduetothecontinuousrepairworkofsuchsitesbythegovernmentthatournationisstillabletokeepitsbeauty,ifnotinitsentirety,butatleasttoanextentitattractsmillionsoftouristsayear.WorldHeritageDayisactuallyadayforeveryconcernedcitizenofacountrytofeelproudofthegreatculturalpropertyofitsnation.Atlast,Iwanttosayinmanyways,wecancontributetowardsthemaintenance(維持)ofworldheritagesitessothattheirbeautydoesnotminimizeandtheyremainthecenterofattractionforpeopleallovertheworld.Pleaseconsiderwhatyoucandotomaintainthebeautyoftheworldheritage.Let’sdoourbest!47.Whydoesthespeakermakethisspeech?________________48.WhatdoestheWorldHeritageDayremindusaccordingtothespeaker?________________49.Whatcanyoudotocontributetowardsthemaintenanceofworldheritagesites?________________【答案】47.TogiveknowledgeonWorldHeritageDaytochildren.48.WorldHeritageDayremindusofourrichculturalpastandourresponsibilitytoprotectourheritage.49.Iwilltrymybesttopromoteourrichheritageinordertoletpeopleunderstandthatitisthefoundationofthenation,protectitandfightagainstthosewhodestroyit.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇演講稿。作者在世界遺產(chǎn)日來臨前為學(xué)生們做的有關(guān)保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)的演講，呼吁從我做起，保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)。【47題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“Today,IandalltheteachersdecidedtogatherallthechildrenforthespeechonWorldHeritageDay.Sincethedayisaroundthecorner,Iwantedtogiveknowledgetomychildrenonthissubject.( 今天，我和所有的老師決定召集所有的孩子參加世界遺產(chǎn)日的演講。因?yàn)檫@一天即將到來，我想給我的孩子們這個(gè)主題的知識(shí)。)”可知，演講者做這個(gè)演講是為了宣傳有關(guān)世界遺產(chǎn)日的知識(shí)給孩子們，故答案為TogiveknowledgeonWorldHeritageDaytochildren.。【48題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的“Thisdayisagreatreminderofourrichculturalpastanditisourresponsibilitythatweprotectourheritagenotonlyforourselvesbutforfuturegenerations.(這一天是對(duì)我們豐富的文化歷史的極好的提醒，保護(hù)我們的遺產(chǎn)是我們的責(zé)任，不僅是為了我們自己，也是為了子孫后代。)”可知，世界遺產(chǎn)日提醒我們我們擁有豐富的文化歷史，保護(hù)這些遺產(chǎn)是我們的責(zé)任，故答案為WorldHeritageDayremindusofourrichculturalpastandourresponsibilitytoprotectourheritage.。【49題詳解】本題是開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Iwilltrymybesttopromoteourrichheritageinordertoletpeopleunderstandthatitisthefoundationofthenation,protectitandfightagainstthosewhodestroyit.第二節(jié)(20分)50.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。為了幫助學(xué)生更好地學(xué)習(xí)英語，下周你班要在線上開展一次關(guān)于英語學(xué)習(xí)的交流活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你用英語給你的英國好友Jim寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加并就“HowtobepoliteinEnglish”這一話題給出一些建議，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)目的；2活動(dòng)安排；3.注意事項(xiàng)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右。2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,How’severything?InordertohelpstudentslearnEnglishbetter,ourclasswillholdanonlineinteractionactivityaboutEnglish learningnextweek.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinit.OurclassmatesseemtobeconfusingabouthowtobepoliteinEnglish.Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsonit?Theactivitywillbeheldat8:00onTuesdayandlastaboutanhour.ConsideringtherearesomedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishculture,wecouldhavea10-minutequestionandanswersession.Besides,forbetterinteraction,wepreparesomerelativequestionsbeforehand.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldgiveusanearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生用英語給你的英國好友Jim寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加你班要在線上開展的關(guān)于英語學(xué)習(xí)的交流活動(dòng)，并就“HowtobepoliteinEnglish”這一話題給出一些建議?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累相關(guān)的：relative→related參加：takepartin→participatein建議：suggestion→advice/tips/hints此外：besides→what’smore2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：InordertohelpstudentslearnEnglishbetter,ourclasswillholdanonlineinteractionactivityaboutEnglishlearningnextweek.拓展句：OurclasswillholdanonlineinteractionactivityaboutEnglishlearningnextweeksothatthiscanhelpstudentslearnEnglishbetter.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】OurclassmatesseemtobeconfusingabouthowtobepoliteinEnglish.)運(yùn)用了疑問詞+不定式作賓語)