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1、DatabaseSystemsforProgrammableLogicControllersABSTRACTInthispaper,weidentifythedatabaseissuesassociatedwithprogrammablelogiccontrollers(PLC),special-purposecomputersusedinscientificandindustrialapplications,e.g.infactoriesinmanufacturingenvironments.Wepr

2、oposeasaPLCdatabasesystemasingle-user,real-time,scalablemain-memory-onlyrelationaldatabasesystemwithatwo-levelarchitecturehavinghistoricaldatamodelingandmanipulationcapabilities,andqueryprocessingtechniquesincorporatingtime-and/orerror-constrainedqueryev

3、aluation.Werevisetheladderlogiclanguage,themostcommonPLClanguage,toincorporatedatamanipulationlanguageinstructions.WeaddaseparatetimecomponentintothePLCprocessorscantimetohandledatabaseupdates,backup,integrityenforcementanddataarchivalissues.1.Introducti

4、onAprogrammablelogiccontroller(PLC)isaspecial-purposecomputerusedwithinreal-timescientificcomputingsystems,andindustrialcontrolsystems,say,theautomatedcontrolofafactory'smachinery-therunningexampleusedinthispaper.ThispaperisapositionpaperthatproposesaPLC

5、databasesystemanddiscussesitsfeatures.Indoingso,wetouchbaseswithanumberofbasicdatabasetopics,and,thus,frequentlyrefertootherworkfordetails.PLCsaremostlyusedinmanufacturingenvironments-hence,thechoiceofourrunningexample.However,PLCsarealsousedinscientific

6、applicationsforsignaldatagatheringandpreliminarydataprocessing.Thus,wethinkthatforsomescientificapplications,aPLCdatabasemayalsoserveasalocal/transientpartofalargerscientificdatabase.Withtherapidadvancesincomputerhardwareandfallingmemoryprices,inrecentye

7、ars,thecapabilitiesofthenewPLCsinthemarketplacehavebeenincreasingdramatically.ThispaperisapositionpaperthatarguesthataPLCsoftwarecannowcontainadatabasesystemtogreatlyincreaseitsfunctionality.WeproposethearchitectureinFigure1asthearchitectureofanenvironme

8、ntwherereal-timedatagathering(frommultiplesensors)andreal-timedatamanipulationtakesplace.WenowlisttheadvantagesofhavingadatabasesystemdirectlyinsideaPLC.(1)DataModelingTechniques:Theinputandoutputbuffersrepresentaratheruno