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1、中文摘要物理學(xué)是一門以實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的科學(xué),物理實(shí)驗(yàn)貫穿整個(gè)物理教學(xué)的始終,是素質(zhì)教育的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。但教學(xué)中存在忽視實(shí)驗(yàn)的傾向,教師以講實(shí)驗(yàn)代替學(xué)生做實(shí)驗(yàn),學(xué)生處于看實(shí)驗(yàn)和聽實(shí)驗(yàn)的被動狀態(tài),限制學(xué)生主觀能動性的發(fā)展。本研究以“主動參與,樂于探究,勤于動手’’為前提,在初中物理教學(xué)中實(shí)施小實(shí)驗(yàn)探究教學(xué)模式,以促進(jìn)學(xué)生能力的發(fā)展。本研究在教育心理學(xué)和杜威的“做中學(xué)’’理論指導(dǎo)下,以實(shí)驗(yàn)法為主,調(diào)查法為輔,采用等組前測一后測準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)模式。隨機(jī)選取天津七中初二年級兩個(gè)平行班,每班30人,男女各半。對照班采用傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式;實(shí)驗(yàn)班采用小實(shí)驗(yàn)探究教學(xué)模
2、式,它的實(shí)施途徑是開展師生自制教具小實(shí)驗(yàn),進(jìn)行學(xué)生隨堂小實(shí)驗(yàn)和增設(shè)啟迪性小實(shí)驗(yàn)。將測量數(shù)據(jù)輸入計(jì)算機(jī),利用Excel軟件統(tǒng)計(jì)處理,采用Z檢驗(yàn)。研究結(jié)果表明:初中物理新課程中實(shí)施小實(shí)驗(yàn)探究教學(xué)模式,對教學(xué)效果產(chǎn)生了積極影響,達(dá)到了預(yù)期研究的目的,有利于激發(fā)廣大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)物理的興趣;有利于提高了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績;有利于培養(yǎng)廣大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新意識和初步的創(chuàng)造能力。關(guān)鍵詞:初中物理小實(shí)驗(yàn)探究教學(xué)模式教學(xué)效果素質(zhì)教育ABSTRACTPhysicsisasubjectbasedonexperiments,whichcoversthewholeteaching
3、ofphysics,andplaysanimportantpartinthequalityeducation.Butthereisatendencytoignoretheexperiments,teachersshowthestudentshowtodoexperimentsinplaceofmakingthemtryoutbythemselves.Studentswatchandlistentotheexperimentsofapassivestate,whichleadstoarestrictiononstudents’initiat
4、ivedevelopment.Inthisstudy,”toparticipateintheinitiativeway,willingtoexplore,diligentlytryingout”isonthepremisethatsmallexperimentsexplorativeteachingmodeisencouragedinjuniorhighschoolphysicaleducationinordertopromotethedevelopmentofstudents’ability.Thisstudyisunderthegui
5、danceofeducationalpsychologyandDewey’S”learningbydoing”.takestheexperimentsasamainmethod,testthemainsurveyasasupplement,maketheuseofgrouppre—test—post—testquasi·experimentaldesign.ThisstudyrandomlyselectstwoparallelclassesinJunior2,TianjingNo.7MiddleSchool,andineachclass3
6、0studentswerechose,withhalfboysandhalfgirls.Thecontrolclassusesthetraditionalmodeofteaching;thetestclassmakestheuseofsmallexperimentsexplorativeteachingmode.Inthetestclass,theteacherandstudentscarryoutsmallexperimentswiththeteaching—aidsmadebythemselves,andthestudentscarr
7、youtexperimentsandsmallin—classadditionalinspirationofsmallexperiments.ThedataisenteredintothecomputerusingExcelsoftwaretodealwithstatistics,alongwithZtest.Theresultsshowthat:thenewjuniorhighschoolphysicscourseintheimplementationofsmallexperimentsexplorativeteachingmodeha
8、sapositiveimpactonresults,achievesthepurposeofthestudy,andhelpstostimulatestudents’interestinlea