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1、Chapter14preventionandtreatmentofseriouscomplicationsduringgeneralanesthesiaIntroductionComplicationsofanesthesiainvolvethreeaspects：1.Patient'scondition2.Diathesisofanesthetist3.Influenceandfaultofanesthetics、anestheticapparatusandcorrelatedinstrumentSeriousComplicati

2、onsduringGeneralAnesthesiaRespiratorytractobstructionRespiratorydepressionHypotensionandHypertensionMyocardialischemiaHyperthermiaandHypothermiaAwarenssandDelayofAwakeCough、Singultus、Postoperativevomiting、PostoperativepulmonaryinfectionMalignanthyperthermiaRespiratoryO

3、bstruction一、Glossocoma：1．Aetiology：2．Liabilityfactor：（1）Justomajorofcorpuslinguae（2）Shortandstout（3）Shortneck（4）Lymphadenosisofthroatposteriorwall（5）HypertrophyoftonsilsRespiratoryObstruction3．Clinicalfeatures：4．Management：（1）Sidelying、（2）Headhypsokinesis、（3）Liftsubmax

4、illa、（4）OropharyngealparichnosNasopharyngealparichnosRespiratoryObstruction二、Airwayobstructionbysecretion、purulentsputum、bloodandforeignobject1．Aetiology：（1）Inhalationofstimulantanesthetic，（2）Bronchiectasis、pulmonaryabscess、pulmonarytuberculouscavityRespiratoryObstruct

5、ion（3）Operationofcavumnasopharyngeum、oralcavity、Harelip（4）Desquamationoftoothorartifcalteeth2．Management：（1）Sufficientbelladonnapremedication（2）Intubation（3）Suckrespiratorytract（4）PulloutdentiumvacillatiaorartifcalteetRespiratoryObstruction三、RegurgitationandAspiration1

6、．Aetiology：AnticholinergicagentMorphineGeneralanaestheticsMusclerelaxant2．Clinicalfeatures：（1）Bronchospasm（2）Tachypneaanddyspnea（3）Moistrales（4）SeverhypoxiaRespiratoryObstruction3．Management：（1）Fasting：Adult：8hbeforeanesthesiaChildren：milkandsoliddietliquid<6m4h2h6~36m

7、6h3h>36m8h3hRespiratoryObstruction（2）PreoperativeadministrationofanH2-receptorantagonist（cimetidineorranitidine）todecreasefurthersecretionofadditionalacid.（3）Applicationofgastricdecompressionbyawide-borenasogastrictube;Preparingforsuction（4）Fullstomach/highlevelileus：a

8、wakeintubation（5）Rapid-sequenceinductionandintubationwithoutpositive-pressureventilationbeforeintubation.RespiratoryO