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1、TechnologyforAirPollutionControlTechniquesWithoutUsingEmissionsControlDevicesProcessChangeWind,Geothermal,Hydroelectric,orSolarUnitinsteadofFossilfiredUnit.ChangeinFuele.g.UseofLowSulfurFuel,insteadofHighSulfurfuel.GoodOperatingPracticesGoodHousekeepingMaintenancePlantShutdownCommonlyUse

2、dMethodsForAirPollutionControlPARTICULATECyclonesElectrostaticPrecipitatorsFabricFilterWetScrubbersGASESAdsorptionTowersThermalIncernationCatalyticCombustionSOxCONTROLGENERALMETHODSFORCONTROLOFSO2EMISSIONSChangetoLowSulfurFuelNaturalGasLiquefiedNaturalGasLowSulfurOilLowSulfurCoalUseDesul

3、furizedCoalandOilIncreaseEffectiveStackHeightBuildTallStacksRedistributionofStackGasVelocityProfileModificationofPlumeBuoyancyGeneralMethodsforControlofSO2Emissions(contd.)UseFlueGasDesulfurizationSystemsUseAlternativeEnergySources,suchasHydro-PowerorNuclear-PowerFlueGasDesulfurizationSO

4、2scrubbing,orFlueGasDesulfurizationprocessescanbeclassifiedas:ThrowawayorRegenerative,dependinguponwhethertherecoveredsulfurisdiscardedorrecycled.WetorDry,dependinguponwhetherthescrubberisaliquidorasolid.FlueGasDesulfurizationProcessesThemajorfluegasdesulfurization(FGD),processesare:Lime

5、stoneScrubbingLimeScrubbingDualAlkaliProcessesLimeSprayDryingWellman-LordProcessLimestoneScrubbingLimestoneslurryissprayedontheincomingfluegas.ThesulfurdioxidegetsabsorbedThelimestoneandthesulfurdioxidereactasfollows:CaCO3+H2O+2SO2---->Ca+2+2HSO3-+CO2CaCO3+2HSO3-+Ca+2---->2CaSO3+CO2+H2OL

6、imeScrubbingTheequipmentandtheprocessesaresimilartothoseinlimestonescrubbingLimeScrubbingoffersbetterutilizationofthereagent.Theoperationismoreflexible.Themajordisadvantageisthehighcostoflimecomparedtolimestone.Thereactionsoccurringduringlimescrubbingare:CaO+H2O----->Ca(OH)2SO2+H2O<---->

7、H2SO3H2SO3+Ca(OH)2----->CaSO3.2H2OCaSO3.2H2O+(1/2)O2----->CaSO4.2H2ODualAlkaliSystemLimeandLimestonescrubbingleadtodepositsinsidespraytower.Thedepositscanleadtopluggingofthenozzlesthroughwhichthescrubbingslurryissprayed.TheDualAlkalisystemusestworegentstoremovethesulfurdi