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2022學年南模中學高二年級第一學期線上期末考試英語試卷(本次考試時間120分鐘，滿分140分)I.ListeningComprehension(25%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Theparcelwasputsomewherearoundthestreetcorner.B.Sheseldomreceivesparcels.C.Theparceldoesn’tbelongtoher.D.Shemadeamistakebybuyingawrongparcel.2.A.Thesteakhouseisperfectforeveryone.B.Thefoodinthesteakhouseisnotsatisfactory.C.Thewomanhasbeentothesteakhousetwice.D.Thefoodinthesteakhouseistooexpensive.3.A.Themanhasastomachdisease.B.Inappropriateeatinghabithasmadethemanuncomfortable.C.Themanshouldeatnothingfordinner.D.Themanshouldhaveathoroughbodycheck.4.A.Shedidn’tsleepwellthismorning.B.Hersondidn’tcatchtheschoolbus.C.Shedrivestheschoolbus.D.Sheisalwayslateforwork.5.A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandheadmaster.C.Gardenerandemployer.D.Waiterandcustomer.6.A.ShecanmemorizeMr.Cannes’sphonenumber.B.ShebarelyknowsMr.Cannes.C.Mr.Cannesisbeyondreachrightnow.D.ShewilltryvariouswaystogettouchwithMr.Cannes.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 7.A.Shedoesn’thearthenoise.B.Thenoiseiscausedbyaneighbour’shousedecoration.C.TheyshouldthankMr.Jamesforthenotification.D.Thereisafightonthe11thfloorofthebuilding.8.A.Somerestaurantsdon’trequesttips.B.Theservicethey’vegotisn’tworththetiptherestaurantrequests.C.Theyhaverefusedtopaythetip.D.Thefoodoftherestaurantisexpensive.9.A.Theirgasbillisroughlysteadyeverymonth.B.Thismonth’sgasbillhasn’tarrivedyet.C.Thenumberonthegasbilliswrong.D.Thegasbillwillgetevenhigherinwinter.10A.Hernecklaceisnotexpensiveatall.B.Someonewillreturnthenecklacesometimelater.C.Callingthepoliceisnotagoodidea.D.Shehasgiventhenecklacetotheman.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Becausetheywantedtoproducecheapcoffee.B.Becausetheycouldn’tbearthetasteofordinarycoffee.C.Becausetheydidn’twantcoffeetodamagetheirteeth.D.Becausetheywantedtohavecoffeewithstrongerflavor.12.A.Byonlyusingcoffeebeansandwater.B.Byavoidingartificialflavorsandsugar.C.Byphysicalprocessing.D.Byaddingsomematerials.13.A.Becausedrinkers’reviewsvary.B.Becauseit’sonlyavailableintheU.K.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 C.Becauseitisexpensive.D.Becausetherearetoomanyonlineorders.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Itsolvedallpsychologicalproblems.B.Itlackedattentiononwhatwasgoodaboutlife.C.Itignoredresearchintotreatingmentalillnesses.D.Itwasdevelopingtooslowly.15.A.Itwasconfusedwithpositivethinking.B.It’sstillnotascienceyet.C.Itignoresindividualdiversity.D.Itdoesn’tpresentenoughfindings.16.Theoriginandfactsofpositivepsychology.A.Theadvantagesofpositivepsychology.B.People’sopinionsaboutpositivepsychology.C.Thespecialcasesinpositivepsychology.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Datingbackto6000yearsago.B.FeaturingGreekandRomancivilization.C.Focusingonthelightoftheoldtime.D.Displayinggardensofdifferenttimes.18.A.Chargetoomuchforadmission.B.Notpayenoughattentiontomodernart.C.Exhibitartworksofpoorquality.D.Dealwithcriticismsbadly.19.A.AvoidtakingkidstotheMet.B.Bookatourguideservice.C.Visitthegalleriesneartotheentrance.D.Selectinterestinggalleriesonlineinadvance.20.A.Allthepeoplepay25dollars.B.Localpeoplecandecidehowmuchtopay.C.Foreignvisitorscanpayzero.D.Studentsmustpayhalfprice.II.Grammar(30%)SectionAMultipleChoice1.Weshouldtakeintoaccountstudents’suggestionthattheschoollibrary______morebooksonpopularscience.A.provideB.providedC.providingD.provides2.Shesaidshewouldhavesentacarforme________thatIwasarrivingtoday.A.ifitdidn’tsliphermindB.ifitweren’ttosliphermindC.haditnotslippedhermind第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 D.shouldn’titslippedhermind3.________itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will4.LeadingpoliticiansintheU.S.havesentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesurgingthatit________actionsthatcouldbetakenbystateandlocalgovernmentsanduniversities________nationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificeducation”.A.toidentify;maintainingB.identifies;tomaintainC.identify;tomaintainD.willidentify;maintaining5.Whenitcomestodeath,VincentVanGogh________byothersinthathiswounddidn’tindicatesuicide,whileAlbertEinstein________longerbutherefusedsurgery.A.mayhavebeenkilled;shouldhavelivedB.shouldhavebeenkilled;shouldhavelivedC.mayhavebeenkilled;musthavelivedD.shouldhavebeenkilled:musthavelived6.“Chinglish”isgrammaticallywrong,misspelledEnglishwrittenandspokenbyChinese;however,sopopular_________ontheInternetthatthephenomenonisgeneratingitsownspecialists.A.ithasbecomeB.hasitbecomeC.itisbecomingD.becomesit7.Onlyifyouintoordinarypeople’slifefindoutwhytheyaredissatisfiedandunderstandtherevolutionthreateningthecountry.A.havegone…youwillB.go…mayyouC.go…youmayD.dogo…youwill8.Neverinmywildestdreams____leadtoacareerofwritingnovels,whichhasallowedmetosharemyexperiencewithpeoplelikeme.A.IthoughtthechancewouldB.IthoughtwouldthechanceC.didIthinkthechancewouldD.didIthinkwouldthechance9._____atfirstthought,practicallyeverysentenceyouspeakandwritehasneverbeenspokenorwrittenbefore.A.AmazingasitmayseemB.AsitmayseemamazingC.AsamazingitmayseemD.Itmayseemasamazing10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.SonaughtyaboyheisthathehasbeenlabeledasatroublemakerB.Downdidthevasefall,breakingintopieces第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 C.OntopofthemountaincanbeseenamonumentclearlyD.NotuntilthenhadherealizedtheimportanceofobeyingthetrafficrulesSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.MeettheIslandsLocated86kmnorth-eastofBougainvilleintheSouthPacific,theCarteretIslandsofPapuaNewGuineaarecomposedoflow-lyingislands____11____(distribute)inahorseshoeshape,withatotallandareaof0.6squarekilometersandamaximumelevationof1.5metersabovesealevel.TheCarteretIslandsarebelieved____12____(inhabit)formorethanonethousandyears.Fewplacesareascalm,peacefulandbeautifulastheseasidehereonacalmday.Peoplearevery____13____(welcome),gentle,andcalm.There’snophonenetwork,shops,computers,roads,cars,ormotorbikes.Foodiscookedonopenfires.Peopleherelivesustainably.Theydon’toverfishorpollute,makingnocontributiontothewarmingofourplanet.However,theyarefeelingtheconsequencesoftheclimatechange.Now,astheland____14____(swallow)bytherisingsea,theislandersarefacedwithanuncertainfuture.Stormsandhightideswashawayhomes,destroyvegetablegardensandpollutefreshwatersupplies.Thetreesontheislandarealsobeingimpactedbythesaltwater.Thebeachexists____15____fertilesoiloncedid.____16____thecoralandseagrassesdie,sodothebreedingareasforfish.Manyseawallshavebeenbuilt____17____withlittlesuccess.Theislandshavegraduallybecomeuninhabitable.TheCarteretislandersarelabelledastheworld’sfirstofficialclimate-changerefugees,astheyareforcedtoabandontheirhomelands____18____foodshortages,risingsealevels,sinkingshorelines,andthedangersofstormsandtides.Infrontof____19____isthechoicewhethertostayandwatchtheislandsshrinkandslowlydisappearortrytorebuildtheircommunitysomewhereelse.Yet,therelocationisnotamoveembracedbymost,andsomeareunhappylivingawayfromtheirhome,andhavereturnedafterstrugglingtoadapt.Ontheotherhand,relocationwillbeagreatchallengetothepreservationoftheidentityandcultureoftheCarteretislanders.TheCarteretIslanders’storyillustrateshowsmallislandstatesandcoastalcommunitiesfallvictim____20____risingsealevelscausedbyclimatechange.TheCarteretIslanders,withacarbonfootprintamongthelowestintheworld,willbeamongthefirsttohavetoleavetheirhomesbecauseofrisingseascausedbyemissionsfromothernations.SectionC第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.biologicalB.distinctC.distinguishedD.evidenceE.familiarF.gazingG.interpretedH.pre-packagedI.revealingJ.signK.wrinkleBaby’sRainbowInEnglishtheskyisblue,andthegrassisgreen.ButinVietnamesethereisjustonecolorcategoryforbothskyandgrass:xanh.Fordecades,scientistshavepointedtosuchexamplesas____21____thatlanguagelargelydetermineshowweseecolor.Butnewresearchwithfour-tosix-month-oldinfantsindicatesthatlongbeforewelearnlanguage,weseeuptofivebasiccategoriesofcolor—afindingthatsuggestsastronger____22____linktocolorperception（洞察力）thanpreviouslythought.Thestudytestedthecolor-discrimination（區(qū)別）abilitiesofmorethan170Britishinfants.ResearchersattheUniversityofSussexinEnglandmeasuredhowlongbabiesspent____23____atcolorswatches,ametricknownaslookingtime.Firsttheteamshowedinfantsoneswatchrepeatedlyuntiltheirlookingtimedecreased—a(n)____24____thattheyhadgrownboredwithit.Thentheresearchersshowedthemadifferentswatchandnotedtheirreaction.Longerlookingtimeswere____25____tomeanthebabiesconsideredthesecondswatchtobeanewcolor.Theirresponsesshowedthatthey____26____amongfivecolors:red,green,blue,purpleandyellow.Thefinding“suggestswe’reallworkingfromthesametemplate（模板）,”explainsleadauthorAliceSkelton,adoctoralstudentatSussex.“Youcome____27____tomakecolordistinctions,butgivenyourcultureandlanguage,certaindistinctionsmayormaynotbeused.”Forinstance,infantslearningVietnamesemostlikelyseegreenandblue,eveniftheirnativelanguagedoesnotuse____28____wordsforthetwocolors.Thestudysystematicallyexploredinfants’colorperception,____29____howweperceivecolorsbeforewehavethewordstodescribethem,saysAngelaM.Brown,anexperimentalpsychologistattheOhioStateUniversity’sCollegeofOptometry,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.Theresultsaddanew_____30_____totheso-calledSapir-Whorfhypothesis—theideathatthewayweseetheworldisshapedbylanguage.III.ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Mostformsofconventionaladvertising—print,radioandbroadcasttelevision—havebeenlosinggroundto第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 onlineadsforyears;onlybillboards,datingbacktothe1800s,andTVadsareholdingtheirown.Suchout-of-homeadvertising,asitisknown,isexpectedto____31____by3.4%in2022,anddigitalout-of-home(DOOH)advertising,whichincludestheLCDscreensfoundinairportsandshoppingmalls,by16%.Suchadsdrawviewers5attentionfromphonesandcannotbeskippedor____32____,unlikeadsonline.Billboardownersarealso____33____thelocationdatathatarepouringoffpeople’ssmartphones.Informationabouttheirowners’locationsandonlinebrowsinggetscollectedandsoldtomediaowners.Theythenusethesedatatoworkoutwhendifferentgroups—“businesstravellers”,say—walkbytheirads.That____34____isaddedtoinsightsintotraffic,weatherandotherexternaldatatoproducehighlyrelevantads.DOOH____35____candeliveradsforcoffeewhenitiscoldandiceddrinkswhenitiswarm.Such____36____worksparticularlywellwhenitisaccompaniedby“programmatic”advertisingmethods,atermthatdescribestheuseofdatatoautomateandimproveads.InthepastyearbillboardownerssuchasClearChannelandjcDecauxhave____37____programmaticplatformswhichallowbrandsandmediabuyerstoselect,purchaseandplaceadsinminutes,ratherthandaysorweeks.Itissaidthatoutdooradswillincreasinglybeboughtlikeonlineones,basedonaudienceandviewsaswellas____38____.Thatispossiblebecausebillboardownersclaimtobeableto____39____howwelltheiradsareworking,eventhoughno“click-through”ratesareinvolved.Datafirmscantelladvertisershowmanypeoplewalkpastindividualadvertisementsatparticulartimesoftheday.Advertiserscanestimatehowmanyindividuals____40____toanadforahandbagthengoontovisitanearbyshop(orwebsite)andbuytheproduct.Suchmetricsmakeoutdooradsmore____41____-driven,automatedandmeasurable,arguesMichaelProvenzano,co-founderofVistarMedia,anad-techfirminNewYork.However,theoutdoor-adrevolutionisnot____42____-free.Thecollectionofmobile-phonedataraisesprivacyconcerns.And____43____oftheonline-adbusinessforbeingvague,andoccasionallydishonest,mayalsobetargetedattheOOHbusinessasitbecomesbiggerandmorecomplex.Theindustryisreadyto____44____suchconcerns,saysJean-ChristopheConti,chiefexecutiveofVIOOH,amedia-buyingplatform.Oneofthe____45____offollowingtheonline-adpioneers,henotes,islearningfromtheirmistakes.31.A.shrinkB.growC.disappearD.emerge32.A.obtainedB.blockedC.separatedD.arranged33.A.makingprogressinB.gettingengagedinC.becomingpartofD.takingadvantageof34.A.valueB.recordC.knowledgeD.feeling35.A.opponentsB.providersC.learnersD.instructors36.A.addingB.collectingC.targetingD.producing第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 37.A.changedB.forbiddenC.clearedD.launched38.A.marketingB.evolutionC.locationD.branding39.A.measureB.wonderC.noticeD.forget40.A.devotedB.opposedC.relatedD.exposed41.A.conceptB.dataC.customerD.research42.A.stressB.conflictC.injuryD.problem43.A.aspectsB.demandsC.criticismsD.details44.A.addressB.shareC.reflectD.emphasize45.A.benefitsB.difficultiesC.challengesD.conditionsSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ANoahreachedforhisguitar,rememberinghisfatherashedidso,thinkinghowmuchhemissedhim.Hestrummedonce,adjustedthetensionontwostrings,thenstrummedagain.Thistimeitsoundedaboutright,andhebegantoplay.Softmusic,quietmusic.Hehummedforalittlewhileatfirst,thenbegantosingasnightcamedownaroundhim.Heplayedandsanguntilthesunwasgoneandtheskyblack.Itwasalittleaftersevenwhenhequit,andhesettledbackintohischairandbegantorock.Byhabit,helookedupwardandsawOrionandtheBigDipper,GeminiandthePoleStar,twinklingintheautumnsky.Hestartedtorunthenumbersinhishead,thenstopped.Heknewhe’dspentalmosthisentiresavingsonthehouseandwouldhavetofindajobagainsoon,buthepushedthethoughtawayanddecidedtoenjoytheremainingmonthsofrestorationwithoutworryingaboutit.Besides,thinkingaboutmoneyusuallyboredhim.Earlyon,he’dlearnedtoenjoysimplethings,thingsthatcouldn’tbebought,andhehadahardtimeunderstandingpeoplewhofeltotherwise.Itwasanothertraithegotfromhisfather.Clem,hishounddog,cameuptohimthenandnuzzledhishandbeforelyingdownathisfeet.“Hey,girl,how’reyoudoing?”heaskedashepattedherhead,andshewhinedsoftly,hersoftroundeyespeeringupward.Acaraccidenthadtakenherleg,butshestillmovedwellenoughandkepthimcompanyonquietnightslikethese.Hewasthirty-onenow,nottooold,butoldenoughtobelonely.Hehadn’tdatedsincehe’dbeenbackhere,hadn’tmetanyonewhoremotelyinterestedhim.Itwashisownfault,heknew.Therewassomethingthatkeptadistancebetweenhimandanywomanwhostartedtogetclose,somethinghewasn’tsurehecouldchangeevenifhetried.Andsometimes第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 inthemomentsrightbeforesleepcame,hewonderedifhewasdestinedtobealoneforever.Theeveningpassed,stayingwarm,nice.Noahlistenedtothecricketsandtherustlingleaves,thinkingthatthesoundofnaturewasmorerealandarousedmoreemotionthanthingslikecarsandplanes.Naturalthingsgavebackmorethantheytook,andtheirsoundsalwaysbroughthimbacktothewaymanwassupposedtobe.“It’llkeepyoufromgoingcrazy,”hisfatherhadtoldhimthedayhe’dshippedout.“It’sGod’smusicandit’lltakeyouhome.”Hefinishedhistea,wentinside,foundabook,thenturnedontheporchlightonhiswaybackout.Aftersittingdownagain,helookedatthebook.Itwasold,thecoverwastorn,andthepageswerestainedwithmudandwater.ItwasLeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman,andhehadcarrieditwithhimthroughoutthewar.Ithadeventakenabulletforhimonce.Herubbedthecover,dustingitoffjustalittle.Thenheletthebookopenrandomlyandreadthewordsinfrontofhim:ThisisthyhourOSoul,thyfreeflightintothewordless.Awayfrombooks,awayfromart,thedayerased,thelessondone.Theefullyforthemerging,silent,gazing,ponderingthethemesthoulovestbest.Night,sleep,deathandthestars.ForsomereasonWhitmanalwaysremindedhimofNewBern,andhewasgladhe’dcomeback.Thoughhe’dbeenawayfromfourteenyears,thiswashomeandheknewalotofpeoplehere,mostofthemfromhisyouth.Likesomanysoutherntowns,thepeoplewholivedhereneverchanged,theyjustgrewabitolder.46.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraphtwoistheequivalentof“_________”.A.hehatedthosewhowereunabletoappreciatesimplethingsinlifeBhedidn’tseeeyetoeyewithpeoplewholikedtosavemoneyC.hehaddifficultyinfiguringouthowhegotthistraitfromhisfatherD.hedidn’tunderstandwhypeopleweresomaterialistic47.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingthepassage?A.Noahoftenplayedtheguitarandobservedthestars.B.Clemthedogshowedgreataffectionforhermaster.C.Noahwasdestinedtobealonesincenowomanseemedinterestedinhim.D.Noahplannedtorestorehishousebeforelandinghimselfajob.48.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldNoah’sfathermostagreewith?A.Patientssufferingfrommentaldisordercanbecuredbynature.B.Thecloseryouaretonature,thecloseryouaretoyourtrueself.C.WherethereisGod’smusic,thereishome.D.Agoodbookisaman’sbesetcompany.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 49.LeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman_________.A.hadbeenatreasurebutwasnowtoodamagedtoreadB.recordedthelivesofNewBern’speoplewhoneverchangedovertheyearsC.wasbeyondNoah’sunderstandingsoherandomlypickedupsomewordstoreadD.stirredafeelingofnostalgiainNoahBPeoplewithfixedmindsetsbelievethat:●Skillintelligenceandtalentsarenatural.●Failureisshamefulandshouldbeavoided.●Somepeoplearenaturallygoodatthingswhileothersnot.●Youarenotincontrolofyourabilities.Peoplewithgrowthmindsetsbelievethat:●Youhavethecapacitytolearnandgrowyourskills.●Failureisavaluablelesson.●Peoplewhoaregoodatsomethingaregoodbecausetheybuildthatability.●Youareincontrolofyourabilities.haveadesiretolooksmart,sotendto:—Avoidchallenges.—Giveupeasily.—Seeeffortasfruitlessorworse.—Ignoreusefulnegativefeedback.—Feelthreatenedbythesuccessofothers.haveadesiretolearn,sotendto:—Embracechallenges.—Persistinthefaceofsetbacks.—Seeeffortasthepathtomastery.—Learnfromcriticism—Findlessonsandinspirationinthesuccessofothers.Asaresult,theymaystayatthesamelevelearlyandachievelessthantheirfullpotential.Asaresult,theyreachever-higherlevelsofachievement.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 Changecanbetough,butI’veneverheardanyonesayitwasn’tworthit.Didchangingtoagrowthmindsetsolveallmyproblems?No.ButIknowthatIhaveadifferentlifebecauseofit—aricherone.50.Thebook“mindset”isintendedto________.A.tellreadersthattwodifferentmindsetsleadtodifferentresultsB.illustratethatpeoplewithdifferentmindsetsholddifferentbeliefsC.helpreadersbelievepeopleactdifferentlywhenfacingchallengesD.persuadepeopletolearntochangesoastoenjoyamorefruitfullife51.Generallyspeaking,peoplewithfixedmindsetsaremostly________.A.successfulB.straightforwardC.intelligentD.narrow-minded52.Apersonwithagrowthmindsetislikelytosay________.A.“IfIwin,I’llbesomebody;ifIlose,I’llbenobody.”B.“Tobegoodatsports,youneedtobenaturallygifted.”C.“Learntechniquesandskillsandpracticethemregularly,andyouwillalwaysimprove.”D.“Youhaveacertainlevelofabilityinsportsandyoucannotreallydomuchtochangeit.”CInthefilmInsideOut,11-year-oldRiley’semotionsarepersonifiedasbrightlycoloredinternalfiguresthatdriveherbehaviors.Thesamefiveemotions—anger,fear,disgust(憎惡),sadness,andjoy—appearineveryothercharacter’sheadaswell,functioninginmuchthesamewayineachindividual.InWesterncultures,thisisthecase,arguespsychologistBatjaMesquitainBetweenUs.Emotionsinsuchcontexts,shewrites,areconsidered“MINE,”or“Mental,INsidetheperson,andEssentialist,”thelatterdefinedinthebookasalwayshavingthesameproperties.Thisconceptionofemotionisnotuniversal,however.Emotionselsewhere,sheargues,arethoughtofas“OURS”—“OUtsidetheperson,Relational,andSituated.”Usingthisdistinction,Mesquitasetsaboutcontrastingemotionsin“theWest,”wheretheindividualisthetopconcern,with“theRest,”wherecommunityisprioritized.MesquitadescribesamaeasacentralemotioninJapaneseculture,whereitbuildsinterdependencebyencouragingtoleranceinparentingprocess.Shedescribeshasham—whichincludesshame,embarrassment,andsocialrespectability—asafundamentalemotionforEgyptianBedouins(游牧人).Suchobservations第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 provideabackgroundforhertoexplorearangeofissues,includingchildhoodsocialization,thenatureoffriendship,theroleoflanguageinshapingemotions,andcross-culturalcommunicationinaglobalizedworld.DespiteMesquita’semphasisoncross-culturalemotions,thereislittlediscussionofwhethertheMINE-OURSdichotomy(二分法)accuratelyexplainsglobalculturalvariation.Otherscholarshavenoted,forexample,thathunter-gatherersocietiesatthesametimeemphasizebothindividualself-governmentandsocialcooperation.Andinanapparentcontradictiontoherearlierarguments,MesquitaherselfultimatelyconcludesthatWesternershaveOURSemotions.Takenasawhole,however,thebookcontributesmuchtothediscussionoftheoriginsofemotions,presentingaremarkablecollectionofcross-culturalstudiesintermixedwithpersonalstoriesaboutforeignresidents’strugglestoreunitediverseemotionalandsocialworlds.Inchapter8,forexample,Mesquitadescribesanincidentwhereshe—aDutchnativelivingintheUnitedStates—bumpedintothefamousAmericanpsychologistHazelMarkusataconferenceMarkushelpedorganize.WishingtoexpressunderstandingofMarkus’sworkload,Mesquitadeclared“Youlookalittletired.”TheremarkappearedtomakeMarkusnervousandconfusedbutwasintendedasanexpressionofsympathy—tosympathizeinDutchistoacknowledgesuffering,notoffercomfortasintheUS.Thebook’stake-homemessageisfundamental:Therearenonaturalemotions,noinbornemotions,nouniversalemotions.Mesquitaarguesthatemotionsare“meaningmaking”and“apreparationforaction”andthattheideaof“emotionsasinnerstates”isaWesternconstruct.Instead,shesuggeststhatemotionsarea“dance”cocreatedbetweenpeoplewholiveinaspecificculturalcontextataparticularhistoricalmoment.53.InBetweenUs,Mesquitaindicatesthat______.A.theJapanesebuildkids’emotionofshameinparentingB.MINE-OURSdichotomyistheverycauseofcross-culturalemotionsC.emotionsoutside“theWest”areconsideredcommunity-centredD.hunter-gatherershavebothemotionsof“OURS”and“MINE”54.Wecaninferfromtheincidentinparagraph5that______.A.theemotionofsympathyistoofferhelpinDutchcultureB.foreignresidentsfromdifferentculturesusuallyuniteasoneC.asDutchMesquitashowsherpersonalityofwarmthandcaringD.cross-culturalemotionalexchangesprobablycausemisunderstanding55.WhatisMesquita’smainargumentaboutemotionsinherbook?A.Familyeducationhardlyinfluencesone’semotions.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 B.Socioculturalcontextslargelycontributetoemotions.C.Westernpeople’semotionshavenopropertiesofOURS.D.Internalfactorsplayavitalroleinshapinghowwefeel.56.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheculturallandscapeofemotionsB.TheculturaloriginofemotionsC.TheculturalconventionofemotionsD.TheculturalshockofemotionsSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.IronCooksRobotshavearrivedinAmericanrestaurantsandhotelsforthesamereasonstheyfirstarrivedonfactoryfloors.____57____Labor,meanwhile,isgettingexpensive,assomecitiesandstatespasslawsraisingtheminimumwage.“Wethinkwe’vehitthepointwherelabor-wageratesarenowmakingautomationofthosetasksmakealotmoresense,”BobWright,thechiefoperationsofficerofthefast-foodchainWendy’s,saidinaconferencecallwithinvestorslastFebruary,referringtojobsthatfeature“repetitiveproductiontasks.”Wendy’sandMcDonald’sareintheprocessofinstallingself-servicekiosksinlocationsacrossthecountry,allowingcustomerstoorderwithoutevertalkingtoanemployee.____58____TheinternationalchainCaliBurger,forexample,willsooninstallFlippy,arobotthatcanmake150burgersanhour.JohnMiller,theCEOofCaliGroup,whichownsthechain,saysemployeesdon’tlikeworkinginthekitchen.Oncetherobotsaresweatingthere,humanemployeeswillbefreetointeractwithcustomersinmore-targetedways,bringingthemextranapkinsandaskingthemhowthey’reenjoyingtheirburgers.Howmanyemployees,though,doyouneedworkinginthecafé?____59____WillcompanieslikeCaliBurgerseesufficientvalueinemployinghumangreetersandsoup-and-sandwichdelivererstokeepthosepositionsaroundlong-term?TheexperienceofEatsamaybeinstructive.Thestart-uprestaurant,basedinSanFrancisco,allowscustomerstoorderitsquinoabowlsandsaladsontheirsmartphoneoranin-storetabletandthenpickuptheirorderfromawhitewallofcubbies—anAutomatfortheappage.Initially,twogreeterswerestationedalongsidethecubbiestowelcomeanddirectcustomers.____60____Sothecompanynowemploysasinglegreeterinitsrestaurants.A.Theearlysuccessofthekioskssuggeststhat,atleastwhenorderingfastfood,customersprizespeedoverhigh-touchcustomerservice.第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 B.Businessownersinsistthatrobotswilltakeoverworkthatisdirty,dangerous,orjustdull,enablinghumanstofocusonothertasks.C.Thebetterhopeforworkersmightbethatautomationhelpsthefood-serviceindustrycontinuetodevelop.D.Butovertime,customersreliedlessfrequentlyonthegreeters.E.Thecostofmachineshasfallensignificantlyinrecentyears,dropping40percentsince2005.F.Thishastypicallybeenthestoryofautomation:Technologyeliminatesoldjobs,butitalsocreatesnewones.II.Translation(15%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.61.他很少想到要降低壓力，因為他認為壓力對他有益。(beneficial)(漢譯英)62.人們常把鴿子與和平聯(lián)系在一起。你知道為什么鴿子象征和平嗎?(associate)(漢譯英)63.全球變暖和青少年犯罪是競選活動中的關(guān)鍵問題。(campaign)(漢譯英)64.這項法令剛執(zhí)行，關(guān)于減肥產(chǎn)品的廣告就在電視上禁播了。(Hardly,ban)(漢譯英)III.GuidedWriting(25%)65.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositioninnolessthan150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.ChinaDaily正在開展一項國民運動調(diào)查，報告顯示，健走已成為中國人最常見運動。請根據(jù)圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容要點：1.描述調(diào)查結(jié)果；2.分析健走最受歡迎的原因；3.說明你的看法。注意：詞數(shù)150詞；短文題目已寫好。MostPopularTypesofExerciseAmongChinese第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 第16頁/共16頁學科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司