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天津一中2022-2023-1高三年級(jí)二月考英語試卷第I卷(選擇題，共115分)第一部分：聽力測(cè)試(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatarethestudentsaskedtodobeforeTuesday?A.Dosomereading.B.Listentosomeradioprograms.C.TalkabouttheOlympicGames.2.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthegraduationceremony.B.Athome.C.Inacompetition.3.Whydoestheguestcomplainaboutthefood?A.Itisn’twhatheordered.B.Thefishissmelly.C.Thefooddoesn’ttastegood.4.Whatdoesthemanseemtoworryaboutmost?A.Whetherthechildrenwilllikeit.B.Thenumberofbedrooms.C.Thepricetofittheirbudget.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewon’tbeabletohelpthewoman.B.Thelibraryisclosedtonight.C.Jeanisusinghiscar.第二節(jié)(共10個(gè)小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)聽下面幾段材料。每段材料后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并涂在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀每道小題(每小題5秒鐘),聽完后,你將有5秒鐘時(shí)間回答各個(gè)小題。每段材料讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Whydoesthewomanchoosetherestaurant? A.Therestaurantisthenearest.BThefoodtastesgoodandthepriceisreasonable.C.Shedecideseverythingbecausesheknowsbest.7.Whatdoesthemanneedfirst?A.AChinesediet.B.Someorange.C.Aglassofmineralwater.8.Whydoesn’tthemanlikewhatthewomanordered?A.Thepriceistoohigh.B.Theywillhavetowaitforalongtime.C.Itisnothealthful聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9WherewillthewomanstayinParis?A.ShehasbookedahotelB.Shewilllivewiththeman.C.Shewillstayathercousin’s.10.Whenwillthewomanleaveforherholiday?A.At9:15a.m.onWednesday.B.Wednesdayevening.C.OnFriday.11.Howsoonwillthespeakersseeeachother?A.Notdefinitelydecided.B.OnFriday.C.Inaweek.聽第8段材料，回答第12至15題。12.WhatistheaimoftheresearchintheUnitedStates?A.Topreventpeoplefromgoingtopublictoilets.B.Toobservehowpeoplebehaveinthepublicplaces.C.Toseehowthegoodadvicetowashhandsisfollowed.13.Whatdoesthestudyshow?A.Peopledon’tseemtowashtheirhandsasoftenastheysay.B.Mostpeoplearenotafraidofgettingsick.C.Notmanypeopleusepublictoilets.14.HowmanypeopleintheU.S.A.wereobservedintheprogram?A.1,000.B.8,000.C.9,000.15.Whatisthepercentageofpeoplewholiedaboutwashinghandsaccordingtothestudy? A.95%B.67%C.28%第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)1.-Childrenshouldbetaughthowtobehaveproperlyinpublic.-________.Goodmannersshouldbeadoptedfromanearlyage.A.Goodforyou.B.That’sallright.C.That’sagoodpoint.D.Itdepends.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——應(yīng)該教孩子們?nèi)绾卧诠矆?chǎng)合舉止得體。——你說得很有道理。禮貌應(yīng)該從小養(yǎng)成。A.Goodforyou.你真行；B.That’sallright.沒關(guān)系；C.That’sagoodpoint.你說得很有道理；D.Itdepends.那得看情況。根據(jù)語境可知，答語“Goodmannersshouldbeadoptedfromanearlyage.(禮貌應(yīng)該從小養(yǎng)成)”所表述的內(nèi)容同上一句所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是一樣的，所以此處應(yīng)該表示肯定上文觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“你說得很有道理”符合語境。故選C。2.Technological________ineducationsuchasonlinecoursesandsocialnetworkingtoolsarehavingasignificantimpactoneducationalsystemsatalllevels.A.insightsB.qualificationsC.instructionsD.innovations【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在線課程和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具等教育技術(shù)創(chuàng)新正在對(duì)各級(jí)教育系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生重大影響。A.insights見解；B.qualifications資格；C.instructions說明；D.innovations創(chuàng)新。由后文“onlinecoursesandsocialnetworkingtools”可知，這些都是教學(xué)的“創(chuàng)新”。故選D項(xiàng)。3.Severalbigcompanies________thewholeindustry,leavingnoroomforsmallbusinessestodevelop.Thiswillonedaydestroytheindustry.A.boostB.expandC.resolveD.dominate【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾家大公司主導(dǎo)了整個(gè)行業(yè)，沒有給小企業(yè)留下發(fā)展的空間。這總有一天會(huì)摧毀這個(gè)行業(yè)。A.boost提高；B.expand擴(kuò)大；C.resolve解決；D.dominate占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，支配，控制。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eavingnoroomforsmallbusinessestodevelop”可知，此處指幾家大公司主導(dǎo)了整個(gè)行業(yè)。故選D。4.Joenevermissesanopportunitytotalkabouthisworkingexperienceabroad;________heisamanwholikes showingoff.A.particularlyB.cruciallyC.criticallyD.apparently【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)虖牟诲e(cuò)過談?wù)撍趪夤ぷ鹘?jīng)歷的機(jī)會(huì)；顯然他是個(gè)喜歡炫耀的人。A.particularly尤其；B.crucially關(guān)鍵地；C.critically批判地，嚴(yán)重地；D.apparently顯然，明顯地。根據(jù)上文“Joenevermissesanopportunitytotalkabouthisworkingexperienceabroad”可知，Joe顯然是一個(gè)喜歡炫耀的人。故選D。5.We’dbettertakeumbrellas—I’msureit________whenwearriveinLondon;it’salwayswetthereatthistimeofyear.A.willrainB.israiningC.willberainingD.wouldrain【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們最好帶上雨傘。我肯定當(dāng)我們到達(dá)倫敦時(shí)，天氣會(huì)下雨，每年這個(gè)時(shí)候那里都是潮濕的。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句適用主將從現(xiàn)，故主句用一般將來時(shí)，根據(jù)“it’salwayswetthereatthistimeofyear.”可知，此處表將來一段時(shí)間內(nèi)都在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。6.________advanced5Gtechnologies,Huaweihasbecometheonlyequipmentproviderthatcanofferend-to-end5Gproductsandsolutions.A.PossessingB.PossessedC.TopossessD.Beingpossessed【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：憑借先進(jìn)的5G技術(shù)，華為已成為唯一能夠提供端到端5G產(chǎn)品和解決方案的設(shè)備供應(yīng)商。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)謂語動(dòng)詞hasbecome，空處作非謂語動(dòng)詞，possess與邏輯主語Huawei之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。此處不表目的或?qū)?，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Ijustsatbythewindowwatchingthepassingscene________Icaughttheeyeofawaiterandorderedmymeal.A.onceB.whileC.untilD.since【答案】C【解析】 【分析】【詳解】考查從屬連詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是坐在窗前看著過往的場(chǎng)景，直到我引起了一個(gè)服務(wù)員的注意，點(diǎn)了餐。A.once一旦；B.while雖然；C.until直到；D.since既然。根據(jù)“Icaughttheeyeofawaiter”可知此處表示“直到我引起了一個(gè)服務(wù)員的注意”，故選C。8.—Tonymusthaveletoutthesecretonpurpose.—________.Couldyoutellmewhyhedidthat?A.Forgetit.B.Idon’tgetit.C.Nocomment.D.Letitbe.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——托尼肯定是故意泄露秘密的?！也幻靼?。你能告訴我他為什么那樣做嗎？A.Forgetit.算了吧；B.Idon’tgetit.我不明白；C.Nocomment.無可奉告；D.Letitbe.隨他去吧。由空后的“Couldyoutellmewhyhedidthat?（你能告訴我他為什么那樣做嗎？）”可知，他不明白。所以，B項(xiàng)“Idon’tgetit.我不明白?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。9.Thebookdiscussestheextent________familylifehaschangedoverthepast50years.A.whereB.inwhichC.towhichD.that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞和定語從句。句意：這本書討論了過去50年家庭生活的變化程度。extent通常和介詞to搭配，totheextent...“到……的程度/地步”，代替先行詞extent作介詞to的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句。故選C。10.Theyoungman,________inheavytrafficontheway,gothomeanhourlaterthanusual.A.catchingB.caughtC.havingcaughtD.tobecaught【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這名年輕人在路上堵車了，比平時(shí)晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)到家。分析句子可知，句中有謂語動(dòng)詞“got”且句中無連詞，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，“becaughtin…”意為“陷入……”，“man”與“catch”為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故空格處應(yīng)用“catch”的過去分詞“caught”作狀語。故選B項(xiàng)。11.Therestauranthaschangeditsserviceandsomeofitsdishes________thecomplaintsfromthecustomers.A.inresponsetoB.inreturnforC.inrespectofD.inexchangefor 【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：為了回應(yīng)顧客的投訴，這家餐廳已經(jīng)改變了服務(wù)和一些菜品。A.inresponseto為了回應(yīng)；B.inreturnfor作為……的報(bào)答；C.inrespectof關(guān)于，涉及；D.inexchangefor以換取。由“Therestauranthaschangeditsserviceandsomeofitsdishes”可知，句子表示“為了回應(yīng)顧客的投訴，這家餐廳已經(jīng)改變了服務(wù)和一些菜品”，空格處意為“為了回應(yīng)”，故選A。12.—Sandy,couldyourepeattheanswertothisdifficultquestion?—Sorry,MissChen.I________somethingelsethen.A.amthinkingofB.thoughtofC.hadthoughtofD.wasthinkingof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——桑迪，你能重復(fù)一下這個(gè)難題的答案嗎？——對(duì)不起，陳老師。我當(dāng)時(shí)在想別的事。根據(jù)句意及空后then可知，此處陳述過去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選D。13.Thetwomenfromthetruckwerepoorlydressedandspokein________soundedlikeaneasternEuropeanlanguage.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：卡車上的兩名男子穿著寒磣，說話聽起來像是東歐語言。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，表示物應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故選C。14.Realizingthatthingswerebecomingworseandworse,thelocalgovernment________tofindawaytostopthespreadofthedisease.A.setdownB.setasideC.setoutD.setoff【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣庾R(shí)到情況變得越來越糟，開始尋找阻止疾病傳播的方法。A.setdown放下；B.setaside留出；C.setout開始；D.setoff出發(fā)。根據(jù)句意，本處表示“開始尋找阻止疾病傳播的方法”，故空處表示“開始”，用setout符合題意；故選C項(xiàng)。15.-Willmycarbereadybytheendofthisweek? -It________be,sir.Iwillgiveyouacallifitisready.A.shouldB.shallC.wouldD.must【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。句意：——我的車這周末能準(zhǔn)備好嗎？——應(yīng)該能，先生，如果準(zhǔn)備好了我會(huì)給你打電話的。A.should應(yīng)該會(huì)；B.shall將會(huì)；C.would將；D.must一定。根據(jù)句意，本處表示肯定的推測(cè)，根據(jù)“Iwillgiveyouacallifitisready.”可知，此處指非常有可能的事，用should符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)完型填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)Thepandemichasgreatlychangedthelandscapeofeducation.Butthatnever____16____onebrilliantgirl’sresolvetoreachforthestars.Whilemostteensaretacklingthechallengesofmiddleschool,AlenaWicker,hasalready____17____herhighschooldiplomaattheageof12.Andafterlearninginalong-termonlineprogram,sheis____18____toattendArizonaStateUniversitythissummer.There,she____19____tomajorinbothastronomicalscienceandchemistryto____20____herdreamofworkingatNASAwhereshehopesto____21____herextraordinaryskillstobuildspacecraftaftergraduation.____22____,shewantedtobeanastronomer,butthensheswitchedovertoengineering____23____herloveofbuildingthings.Alena’sspacejourneybeganwithherearly____24____forLego(樂高),withwhichshe’salwaysplayedaroundsinceshewas4.Sofar,she’sbuilt____25____ofeverythingfromtheTajMahaltoNASArockets.“Shewould___26___theLegopiecesbycolorandsize,”hermotherMcQuatersaid.“Shewasalways____27____atherLegopieces,andifyou____28____herLegopieces,itwouldbeeasyforhertoputthemtogether.”Besidesbringinghervisionsintoreality,thisgeniushadremarkable____29____inotheraspectsoflife.Seeingthe____30____ofopportunitiesintheSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)fieldsforwomen,Alenawantedtomakeachange.Withhermum’sencouragement,Alena____31____awebsitetoencourageothergirlswith____32____intereststofocusonfieldswhichhadbeen____33____inaccessibletowomen.Alenahopestosetanexampleforothergirls--neverletthelong-establishedconceptkeepusfrom____34____thecourseofourlife.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyourageisorwhatyouareplanningtodo,”shesaid.“Goforit,andthen____35____it.”16.A.identifiedB.conveyedC.opposedD.weakened 17.A.reviewedB.receivedC.approvedD.questioned18.A.nervousB.willingC.readyD.hesitant19.A.continuesB.happensC.refusesD.intends20.A.pursueB.changeC.demonstrateD.assess21.A.recoverB.appreciateC.employD.discover22.A.ImportantlyB.OriginallyC.ObviouslyD.Fortunately23.A.incontrastwithB.inspiteofC.incaseofD.onaccountof24.A.passionB.chargeC.requestD.occasion25.A.instructionsB.sitesC.modelsD.pictures26.A.designB.organizeC.produceD.recommend27.A.amusedB.expertC.astonishedD.mad28.A.handedoutB.putawayC.showedoffD.messedup29.A.achievementsB.privilegesC.adaptationsD.explanations30.A.varietiesB.growthC.inequalityD.advantages31.A.examinedB.launchedC.visitedD.removed32.A.similarB.beneficialC.impressiveD.typical33.A.historicallyB.graduallyC.casuallyD.suddenly34.A.recordingB.trackingC.spreadingD.determining35.A.judgeB.submitC.accomplishD.advertise【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.D20.A21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AlenaWicker12歲時(shí)就已經(jīng)拿到了高中文憑，在一個(gè)長期在線課程學(xué)習(xí)后，她準(zhǔn)備今年夏天進(jìn)入亞利桑那州立大學(xué)。文章介紹了Alena的夢(mèng)想以及她在其它方面取得的成就?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這從未削弱一個(gè)聰明女孩航天的決心。A.identified識(shí)別；B.conveyed表達(dá)；C.opposed反對(duì)；D.weakened削弱。根據(jù)上文“Thepandemichasgreatlychangedthelandscapeofeducation.(疫情極大地改變了教育的面貌)”以及but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明教育的改變沒有削弱一個(gè)聰明女孩航天的決心。故選D?！?7題詳解】 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)大多數(shù)青少年都在應(yīng)對(duì)中學(xué)的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，AlenaWicker在12歲時(shí)就已經(jīng)拿到了高中文憑。A.reviewed回顧；B.received收到；C.approved贊成；D.questioned質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)后文“herhighschooldiplomaattheageof12”指在12歲收到高中文憑。故選B。【18題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)長期在線課程學(xué)習(xí)后，她準(zhǔn)備今年夏天進(jìn)入亞利桑那州立大學(xué)。A.nervous緊張的；B.willing愿意的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)后文“toattendArizonaStateUniversitythissummer”可知，AlenaWicker準(zhǔn)備今年夏天進(jìn)入亞利桑那州立大學(xué)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，她打算主修天文科學(xué)和化學(xué)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)在美國宇航局工作的夢(mèng)想，她希望在畢業(yè)后利用她的非凡技能建造宇宙飛船。A.continues繼續(xù)；B.happens發(fā)生；C.refuses拒絕；D.intends打算。根據(jù)后文“tomajorinbothastronomicalscienceandchemistry”可知，主修天文科學(xué)和化學(xué)是她的打算。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，她打算主修天文科學(xué)和化學(xué)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)在美國宇航局工作的夢(mèng)想，她希望在畢業(yè)后利用她的非凡技能建造宇宙飛船。A.pursue追求；B.change改變；C.demonstrate證明；D.assess評(píng)定。根據(jù)后文“herdreamofworkingatNASA”指追求在美國宇航局工作的夢(mèng)想。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，她打算主修天文科學(xué)和化學(xué)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)在美國宇航局工作的夢(mèng)想，她希望在畢業(yè)后利用她的非凡技能建造宇宙飛船。A.recover恢復(fù)；B.appreciate感激；C.employ雇傭，利用；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“herextraordinaryskillstobuildspacecraftaftergraduation”指畢業(yè)后利用她的非凡技能建造宇宙飛船。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，她想成為一名天文學(xué)家，但后來她轉(zhuǎn)到工程，因?yàn)樗矚g建造東西。A.Importantly重要地是；B.Originally起初；C.Obviously顯然；D.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)后文“shewantedtobeanastronomer,butthensheswitchedover”可知，天文學(xué)家是她最初的夢(mèng)想，后來改變了。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：起初，她想成為一名天文學(xué)家，但后來她轉(zhuǎn)到工程，因?yàn)樗矚g建造東西。A.incontrastwith形成對(duì)比；B.inspiteof盡管；C.incaseof萬一；D.onaccountof由于。根據(jù)后文“herloveofbuildingthings”改變夢(mèng)想是因?yàn)樗矚g建造東西。故選D。【24題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Alena的太空之旅始于她早年對(duì)樂高的熱愛，她從4歲起就開始玩樂高。A.passion激情；B.charge費(fèi)用；C.request要求；D.occasion場(chǎng)合。根據(jù)后文“withwhichshe’salwaysplayedaround”可知，她小時(shí)候喜歡樂高，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到目前為止，她已經(jīng)制作了從泰姬陵到美國宇航局火箭的各種模型。A.instructions指令；B.sites位置；C.models模型；D.pictures圖片。根據(jù)后文“ofeverythingfromtheTajMahaltoNASArockets”可知，此處指用樂高制作各種模型。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“她會(huì)按照顏色和大小來整理樂高積木，”她的母親麥克奎特說。A.design設(shè)計(jì)；B.organize組織，整理；C.produce產(chǎn)生；D.recommend建議。根據(jù)后文“theLegopiecesbycolorandsize”指按照顏色和大小來整理樂高積木。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是擅長樂高積木，如果你把她的樂高積木弄亂了，她很容易就能把它們拼起來。A.amused被逗樂的；B.expert專業(yè)的；C.astonished吃驚的；D.mad瘋狂的。后文提到積木弄亂后她很容易就能拼好，可見很擅長。短語beexpertat表示“擅長”。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她總是擅長樂高積木，如果你把她的樂高積木弄亂了，她很容易就能把它們拼起來。A.handedout分發(fā)；B.putaway放好；C.showedoff炫耀；D.messedup混亂。根據(jù)后文“itwouldbeeasyforhertoputthemtogether”可知，弄亂后她很容易就能拼好。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了將她的愿景變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)，這位天才在生活的其他方面也取得了顯著的成就。A.achievements成就；B.privileges特權(quán)；C.adaptations改編；D.explanations解釋。后文提到她創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，鼓勵(lì)其他有相似興趣的女孩專注于女性在歷史上無法進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域，可見這位天才在生活的其他方面也取得了顯著的成就。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到女性在STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域的機(jī)會(huì)不平等，Alena想要做出改變。A.varieties多樣性；B.growth成長；C.inequality不平等；D.advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)后文“awebsitetoencourageothergirlswith”建立網(wǎng)站鼓勵(lì)其它女孩，可知是因?yàn)榭吹搅伺栽赟TEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域的機(jī)會(huì)不平等，故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在母親的鼓勵(lì)下，Alena 創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，鼓勵(lì)其他有相似興趣的女孩專注于女性在歷史上無法進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域。A.examined檢查；B.launched啟動(dòng)；C.visited參觀；D.removed去除。根據(jù)后文“awebsite”指創(chuàng)辦網(wǎng)站，應(yīng)用launch。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在母親的鼓勵(lì)下，Alena創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，鼓勵(lì)其他有相似興趣的女孩專注于女性在歷史上無法進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域。A.similar相似的；B.beneficial有益的；C.impressive令人印象深刻的；D.typical典型的。根據(jù)后文“intereststofocusonfields”可知，鼓勵(lì)的是有相似興趣的女孩。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在母親的鼓勵(lì)下，Alena創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，鼓勵(lì)其他有相似興趣的女孩專注于女性在歷史上無法進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域。A.historically歷史地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.casually隨意地；D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文“fieldswhichhadbeen”以及提到的女性在STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域的機(jī)會(huì)不平等，所以這里指鼓勵(lì)其他有相似興趣的女孩專注于女性在歷史上無法進(jìn)入的領(lǐng)域。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alena希望為其他女孩樹立一個(gè)榜樣——永遠(yuǎn)不要讓根深蒂固的觀念阻止我們決定自己的人生道路。A.recording記錄；B.tracking追蹤；C.spreading傳播；D.determining決定。根據(jù)后文“thecourseofourlife”指決定人生道路，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：放手去做，然后完成它。A.judge判斷；B.submit提交；C.accomplish完成；D.advertise打廣告。后文it指代上文提到的計(jì)劃去做的事情，即放手去做，然后完成它。故選C。第三部分閱讀理解(共20小題：每小題2.5分，滿分50分)AParticipantsinanonlineforumwereaskedwhetherspaceexplorationwasworthwhile.Herearesomeofthecommentstheyposted:PlanetGirl7.17pmOurworldisdamagedbywar,hungerandpoverty.Billionsofpeoplestrugglejusttosurvivefromdaytoday.MeanwhiletheUSspaceagencyhasUS$16billiontoplaywitheveryyear.Wemustdealwiththeworld’surgentproblems.Spaceexplorationisaluxurywecannotafford.Dragon7.18pmThat$16billionspentonspaceisnothingcomparedtothe$370billionspentonthemilitaryJJ7.20pmExploringspaceisinvestinginthefuture.Everyoneknowswe’rerunningoutofresources.There’smassiveover-populationtoo.Thesolarsystemhasheapsofresourceswecanuseformining,andmaybewecanexplore otherplanets.Ifwedon’tdoitnow,itmightbetoolate.PlanetGirl7.22pmWehavetosettleproblemsofover-populationandresourceconsuminghereonEarth,insteadofchasingsciencefictiondreams.Otherwisewewilljustexportourunsustainablelifestyletoanotherplanet.Wemightconsumethewholeuniverse!!JJ7.23pmSpaceexplorersrock!Theyknowwhattheyareinfor,andtheystilldoitanyway.That’swhatIcallcourage!Wehumanshavealwaysstruggledtoexpandourhorizons.Wewanttoknowwhatelseisoutthere.Whoknows,maybewe’lldiscoverthesolutiontoallourproblemsoutthere!Switched-on7.25pmSpaceexplorationhashadahugeeffectonourlives.Wanttotalktosomeonehalfwayaroundtheworld?Sure.Gettheweatherforecast?Comingrightup.Checkexactlywhereyouare?Absolutely.It’sallpossible,thankstosatellitetechnology,globalpositioningsystems,andtherest.Iftherewasnospaceexploration,we’dbesittingaroundinthedark,nottalkingonline!Penny7.50pmSatellitesarelaunchedbyprivatecompanies—forprofit.PlanetEarthdoesn’talwaysbenefit.ExploringremoteplanetscertainlydoesnotcontributetolifeonEarth.36.Theunderlinedsentence(Par.2)meansthatspaceexplorationis_________.A.expensivebutnecessaryB.expensiveandunnecessaryC.veryimportantbuttooexpensiveD.notveryimportantbutaffordable37.WhatisDragon’sopinion?A.Thecostofspaceexplorationistoomuch.B.PlanetGirl’sideaisacceptable.C.Spaceexplorationisworthwhile.D.Themilitaryismoreusefulthanspaceexploration.38.WhatisthemostlikelyreasonthatJJdoesnotdiscussthecostofspaceexploration?A.Heagreesthatspaceexplorationcoststoomuch.B.Hedoesnotknowhowmuchspaceexplorationcosts.C.Hethinksspaceexplorationisworthwhile,whateverthecost. D.HeknowsPlanetGirliswrongaboutthecostofspaceexploration.39.WhichaspectofspaceexplorationdoesSwitched-onmainlywriteabout?A.Itscosttothecommunity.B.Itseffectonenvironment.C.Itscontributiontotechnologyineverydaylife.D.Itscapacitytoservepeopleintheireverydaylife.40.WhatisonepointthatPlanetGirlandJJaremostlikelytoagreeabout?A.Livingonotherplanetsisarealpossibility.B.Spendingmoneyonwarisunnecessary.C.Spaceexplorationencouragescreativity.D.Earth’sresourcesarefastdisappearing.【答案】36.B37.C38.C39.D40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。一個(gè)在線論壇的參與者被問及太空探索是否值得。文章介紹了他們的一些評(píng)論?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中MeanwhiletheUSspaceagencyhasUS$16billiontoplaywitheveryyear.Wemustdealwiththeworld’surgentproblems.Spaceexplorationisaluxurywecannotafford.可知，與此同時(shí)，美國航天局每年有160億美元可供使用，我們必須處理世界上緊迫的問題，太空探索是我們負(fù)擔(dān)不起的奢侈品。由此推知，劃線句子的意思是“空間探索是昂貴和不必要的。”故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段That$16billionspentonspaceisnothingcomparedtothe$370billionspentonthemilitary.可知，這160億美元的太空開支與3700億美元的軍事開支相比簡(jiǎn)直是小巫見大巫。由此可知，Dragon認(rèn)為太空探索是值得的。故選C。【38題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Theyknowwhattheyareinfor,andtheystilldoitanyway.That’swhatIcallcourage!Wehumanshavealwaysstruggledtoexpandourhorizons.Wewanttoknowwhatelseisoutthere.Whoknows,maybewe’lldiscoverthesolutiontoallourproblemsoutthere!(他們知道自己在做什么，但無論如何他們?nèi)匀辉谧觥＿@就是我所說的勇氣!我們?nèi)祟愐恢痹谂U(kuò)展我們的視野。我們想知道外面還有什么。誰知道呢，也許我們會(huì)找到解決所有問題的方法!)可知，JJ不討論太空探索成本最有可能的原因是“他認(rèn)為不管付出什么代價(jià)，太空探索都是值得的。”故選C?！?9題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中Spaceexplorationhashadahugeeffectonourlives.Wanttotalktosomeonehalfwayaroundtheworld?Sure.Gettheweatherforecast?Comingrightup.Checkexactlywhereyouare?Absolutely.(太空探索對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。想和遠(yuǎn)在地球另一端的人說話嗎？確定。得到天氣預(yù)報(bào)？來了。檢查你在哪里？絕對(duì)的)可知，Switched-on主要寫的是太空探索在日常生活中為人們服務(wù)的能力。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Ourworldisdamagedbywar,hungerandpoverty.Billionsofpeoplestrugglejusttosurvivefromdaytoday.(我們的世界被戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、饑餓和貧困破壞了。數(shù)十億人每天都在為生存而掙扎)和第四段中Exploringspaceisinvestinginthefuture.Everyoneknowswe’rerunningoutofresources.(探索太空是對(duì)未來的投資。大家都知道我們的資源快用完了)可知，PlanetGirl和JJ最可能達(dá)成一致的一點(diǎn)是“地球上的資源正在迅速消失。”故選D。BThelibraryofPharaohRamessesIIissaidtohavebornetheinscription(碑文)“thehouseofhealingforthesoul”.DylanThomas,anEnglishwriter,reportedlylikedtorelaxbyreadingAgathaChristie’sdetectivenovels.AsforthenovelistYiyunLi,itwasWarandPeacethathelpedhergetthroughthetoughesttimes;whenshelaunchedavirtualreadinggroupofLeoTolstoy’smasterpieceinlockdown,3,000peoplesignedup.Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasbackeduptheideathatbooksnotonlyentertain,butalsohelpusrecoverandgrow.Theyoffercompanionshiptothelonely,insighttotheanxious,andreleasetothosewhofeeltrapped.ThisfeaturehasmotivatedAnnCleevestoturnherattentiontotheoldlong-lastingbibliotherapy.Shethenco-sponsoredsuchaprograminnortheastEngland,workingwithpublichealthteams.Bibliotherapyisanapproachusingbooksandotherformsofliteraturetoimproveapatient’smentalhealth.Areviewofseveralstudiesfoundsuchprogramshavealong-termeffectonpeople’swell-being.ButCleeveshasabroaderideainmind.WritingforTheGuardian,shedescribedhowreadingandwritingfictionhelpedherunderstandherownresponseandallowedhertoescapeintoadifferentworld.Thereadingcoacheswillmatchtheirpatientswithappropriatepoetryandnovelsaswellasnon-fictionbasedonpatients’condition,andwillintroducethemtolibrariansandotherreaders.Afterall,what’supliftingtoonereaderwillseemtwee(花哨的)toanotherandwhatonefindsunpleasantmaybereassuringtothenext.ForCleeves,itishappytoseepeopleseekself-discoveryintheworldofbooks.Somemayrespondtochildren’sclassicTheSecretGarden;otherswillrecognizethemselvesinToniMorrison’snovels.Anancientideahasfoundfreshresonance(共鳴). 41.WhatdidDylanThomasandYiyunLihaveincommon?A.Theysoughtinspirationinforeigncountries.B.Theyturnedtobooksforspiritualcomfort.C.Theyhadagreatinfluenceontheworldliterature.D.Theyoncelaunchedareadinggroupduringtoughtimes.42.WhatinspiredAnnCleevestoco-sponsortheprogram?A.Thehealingpowerofbooks.B.Thesupportfrompublichealthteams.C.Thepopularityoftheprogramamongpeople.D.ThelackofsuchaprograminnortheastEngland.43.Whatcanbeinferredaboutbibliotherapy?A.Itcangreatlyimprovepublichealth.B.Itcanbringaboominbookmarkets.C.Itcanbeusedasacurefordepression.D.Itcanbringindiverseformsofliterature.44.Howdoesareadingcoachplayhisorherrole?A.Bysuitingspecificbookstopatients.B.Byhelpinglibrarianssortoutallkindsofbooks.C.Byassistingreadersinwritingtheirownfiction.D.Byrecordingreaders’responsetodifferentbooks.45.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthistext?A.Virtualreadinggroups:therisingindustryinlockdownB.Aninscription:thehouseofhealingforthesoulC.Novelreading:twosidestomentaltroublesD.Bibliotherapy:anoldideafindsnewlife【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.A45.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了書籍不僅具有娛樂功能，還可以幫助人們恢復(fù)和成長。AnnCleeves資助了一個(gè)閱讀療法項(xiàng)目，為這種古老的療法賦予了新的生命。【41題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“DylanThomas,anEnglishwriter,reportedlylikedtorelaxbyreadingAgatha Christie’sdetectivenovels.AsforthenovelistYiyunLi,itwasWarandPeacethathelpedhergetthroughthetoughesttimes;(據(jù)報(bào)道，英國作家迪倫·托馬斯喜歡通過閱讀阿加莎·克里斯蒂的偵探小說來放松。至于小說家李翊云，《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》幫助她度過了最艱難的時(shí)期)”可知，迪倫·托馬斯和李翊云都會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向書籍尋求精神慰藉。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasbackeduptheideathatbooksnotonlyentertain,butalsohelpusrecoverandgrow.Theyoffercompanionshiptothelonely,insighttotheanxious,andreleasetothosewhofeeltrapped.(近年來，越來越多的研究支持了這種觀點(diǎn)，即書籍不僅能娛樂我們，還能幫助我們恢復(fù)和成長。它們?yōu)楣陋?dú)的人提供陪伴，為焦慮的人提供洞察力，為那些感到被困的人提供解脫)”以及第三段“ThisfeaturehasmotivatedAnnCleevestoturnherattentiontotheoldlong-lastingbibliotherapy.Shethenco-sponsoredsuchaprograminnortheastEngland,workingwithpublichealthteams.(這一特點(diǎn)促使AnnCleeves將注意力轉(zhuǎn)向古老的長期閱讀療法。然后，她與公共衛(wèi)生團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，在英格蘭東北部共同贊助了這樣一個(gè)項(xiàng)目)”可知，是書籍的治愈能力鼓舞了AnnCleeves共同贊助長期閱讀療法項(xiàng)目。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Bibliotherapyisanapproachusingbooksandotherformsofliteraturetoimproveapatient’smentalhealth.(閱讀療法是一種利用書籍和其他形式的文獻(xiàn)來改善患者心理健康的方法)”可知，閱讀療法可以用來改善患者的心理健康，由此可推測(cè)閱讀療法可以用來治療抑郁癥。故選C項(xiàng)。【44題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thereadingcoacheswillmatchtheirpatientswithappropriatepoetryandnovelsaswellasnon-fictionbasedonpatients’condition,andwillintroducethemtolibrariansandotherreaders.(閱讀教練將根據(jù)患者的情況為患者匹配合適的詩歌、小說和紀(jì)實(shí)文學(xué)，并將它們介紹給圖書館員和其他讀者)”可知，閱讀教練通過為患者匹配合適的書籍來發(fā)揮作用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThisfeaturehasmotivatedAnnCleevestoturnherattentiontotheoldlong-lastingbibliotherapy.(這一特點(diǎn)促使AnnCleeves將注意力轉(zhuǎn)向古老的長期閱讀療法)”以及最后一段“Anancientideahasfoundfreshresonance.(一個(gè)古老的想法得到了新的共鳴)”可知，本文主要介紹了古老的閱讀療法得到了新的共鳴，所以“閱讀療法：一個(gè)舊的想法找到新的生命”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。CTheworld’sclocksmarkeverypassingsecond,minuteandhour.Buttohumans,secondsofpaincanfeellikeminutes,andhoursspentatapartycanendinablink. Thebraincanstretchorsqueezethefeelingoftimeformanyreasons,includingpleasure,pain,fearandage.Althoughthesciencebehindthis“subjectivetime”isnotfullyunderstood,someresearchsuggeststhatanadditionalfactormightinfluencethesubjectivelengthofyourlife:yourincome.Researchalreadysuggeststhat,onaverage,wealthypeoplelivelonger,biologically.Now,emergingworkindicatesthatvariedandnovelexperiencescouldcreatemore“timecodes”inthehumanbrainasitprocessesmemoryformation.This,inturn,couldmeanthatpeoplewhocanaffordtoenjoymorevacationsandhobbies,andwhohavemorestimulatingjobs,willrecallhavinglivedforalongertimeonEarth.“Eventhoughtimeflieswhenyou’rehavingfun,whenyoulookbackonit,youcanremembermuchmoreofthisextendedexperiencecomparedtoaboringexperience,”saysJorgenSugar,apostdoctoralstudentattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology’sKavliInstituteforSystemsNeuroscience.He’spartofateamofscientistsinvestigatingthesementaltimecodes.Theideathatnoveltycanaffecttheexperienceoftimealsoseemstofitculturesthatdon’tmeasuretimeusingclocks-manyculturesrelyinsteadoncelestial(天空的),culturalandseasonaleventstomarktheflowoftime.“Ourexperienceoftimedoesvaryaccordingtocircumstances,andalsoaccordingtothekindofrhythmofactivityweengagein,”saysChrisSinha,acognitivescientistworkingwithHunanUniversitywhohasstudiedsocalled“event-basedtime”inAmazoniantribesandlinguisticminoritygroupsinChina.Butotherexpertsaren’tconvinced.AccordingtoMonicaCapri,aneconomistwithabackgroundinneuro-economiesatClaremontGraduateUniversity,subjectivetimeisn’twellunderstoodscientifically.Evenifhigher-paidjobscanleadtomorenewexperiences,wealthypeoplearen’tnecessarilyspendingmoneythatway.Amillionaire,forinstance,mayspendmoneyonafancywatch,butthisisn’tlikelytochangetheirfeelingoftimethewayavacationorevenalow-costhikewould,shesays.What’smore,shesays,therearemanyfactorstoconsiderinhowthebrainprocessestime.Forinstance,accordingtoAdrianBejan,aprofessoratDukeUniversity,thenoveltyoffunexperiencescansimplywearoff.Still,researchersfrommanyfieldsareeagertouncoverthemysteriesofmemoryandsubjectivetime.AccordingtoSugar,understandinghowhumansformandrecallmemoriescanaffectmanyaspectsofsociety,suchaslaw,educationandhealthcare-andperhapscanevenaidourunderstandingofourselves.“Thehumanbrainisthemostcomplexbiologicalsystemweknow,”hesays.46.Whatdoweknowabout“subjectivetime”fromthepassage?A.Itspaceisinfluencedbyaperson’smood.B.Ithasnothingtodowithone’sincome.C.Itisathingthatiscompletelyunderstood. D.Itmarkseverypassingsecondforaperson.47.Howcanincomeinfluenceapersonaccordingtosomeresearchers?A.Wealthypeopletendtoengagemoreinrememberingthings.B.Wealthypeopletendtohaveabettermemorythanpoorpeople.C.Wealthypeoplemayfeellifeisrelativelylongerpsychologically.D.Wealthypeopleusuallyneedmoretimetoprocessmemoryformation.48.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesChrisSinhamostprobablyagreewith?A.Newandunusualeventswillnotaffecttheexperienceoftime.B.Subjectivetimeisassociatedwiththerhythmofactivityweengagein.C.Amazoniantribesareoneexampleofculturesmeasuringtimewithclocks.D.ChrisSinhatotallydisagreeswithJorgenSugaronsubjectivetime.49.WhatisMonicaCapri’sopinionofsubjectivetime?A.Sheisnotconvincedthatmoneycanextendsubjectivetime,B.Shethinksthattheexcitementoffunexperiencescanhardlywearoff.C.Shedoesn’tbelievethatwealthypeoplecanbuygoodmemories.D.Shedoubtswhetherhigher-paidjobscanleadtomorenewexperiences.50.Whatdoyouthinkisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thebraincanchangeyourfeelingoftime.B.Ourexperienceoftimevariesaccordingtocircumstances.C.Yoursubjectivetimemaydependonyourincome.D.Researchersareexploringthemysteriesofsubjectivetime.【答案】46.A47.C48.B49.A50.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對(duì)“主觀時(shí)間和人類記憶”的探索與研究?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Thebraincanstretchorsqueezethefeelingoftimeformanyreasons,includingpleasure,pain,fearandage.Althoughthesciencebehindthis‘subjectivetime’isnotfullyunderstood”(大腦可以延長或縮短時(shí)間的感覺，原因有很多，包括快樂、痛苦、恐懼和年齡。盡管這種“主觀時(shí)間”背后的科學(xué)還沒有被完全理解)可知，“主觀時(shí)間”和人的情緒相關(guān)，會(huì)被情緒影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“someresearchsuggeststhatanadditionalfactormightinfluencethesubjectivelengthofyourlife:yourincome.(一些研究表明，還有一個(gè)因素可能會(huì)影響你的主觀壽命：你的收入)”和第三段“This,inturn,couldmeanthatpeoplewhocanaffordtoenjoymorevacationsandhobbies,andwhohavemorestimulatingjobs,willrecallhavinglivedforalongertimeonEarth.”(反過來，這可能意味著那些有能力享受更多假期和愛好的人，以及那些有更多刺激工作的人，會(huì)回憶起自己在地球上生活的時(shí)間更長)可推知，收入高的富人在心理上感覺自己活得更長。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段ChrisSinha的話“Ourexperienceoftimedoesvaryaccordingtocircumstances,andalsoaccordingtothekindofrhythmofactivityweengagein”(我們的時(shí)間體驗(yàn)確實(shí)會(huì)因環(huán)境而異，也會(huì)因我們所從事的活動(dòng)的節(jié)奏而異)可知，ChrisSinha認(rèn)為主觀時(shí)間和我們從事活動(dòng)的節(jié)奏有關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段MonicaCapri的觀點(diǎn)“Amillionaire,forinstance,mayspendmoneyonafancywatch,butthisisn’tlikelytochangetheirfeelingoftimethewayavacationorevenalow-costhikewould”(例如，一個(gè)富翁也許會(huì)花很多錢買一只手表，但是相對(duì)于假期或者是廉價(jià)的遠(yuǎn)行，這并不會(huì)改變他們對(duì)時(shí)間的感受)可知，MonicaCapri通過舉例說明富有并不一定能改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)時(shí)間的感受，即她不相信金錢可以延長主觀時(shí)間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文以及文章最后一段“Stillresearchersfrommany,fieldsareeagertouncoverthemysteriesofmemoryandsubjectivetime.”(盡管如此，許多領(lǐng)域的研究人員仍渴望揭開記憶和主觀時(shí)間的奧秘)可知，這篇文章主要介紹的是研究人員正在探索“主觀時(shí)間”的奧秘。故選D項(xiàng)。DExpertiseiswhatseparatesamateursfromtruemastersinalmostanyfield.Youmightwonderwhetherexpertsare“born”or“made”.Expertsinthefieldprovethatexpertiseisacquiredthroughdedicatedpractice,buthowexactlydopeoplegoaboutbecomingexperts?Peoplewhobecomeexpertstendtogetabodyofknowledgethatmakesthemoneofthemostinformedindividualsintheirfield.Theyalsopossesstheskillsthattheyneedtodeterminewhenandhowtoutilizetheirknowledge.Recently,apopularideahasemergedthatthekeytobecominganexpertisdevotingatleast10,000hourstothestudyandpracticeofasubject.Inthestudy,researchersfoundthatthemostaccomplishedviolinistsatamusicacademyhadspentanaverage10,000hourspracticingtheirinstruments.PoppsychologyauthorMalcolmGladwellcoinedthephrase“theten-thousand-hourrule”.Gladwellalsosuggestedtech-entrepreneurBill Gateshaddevoted10,000hourstopracticingprogrammingbeforehecreatedMicrosoft.AndersEricssonoftheUniversityofFlorida,whoisaworld-renownedexpert,hasstudiedexpertsfromallwalksoflifeandpointedoutthedeficiencyof“theten-thousand-hourrule”.Ericssonbelievesthatwhatseparatesamateursfromexpertsiswhatisreferredtoasdeliberatepractice.Ordinarypracticecanhelppeoplebecomeskilledatatask,butdeliberatepracticeneedstoimproveotherthings,suchasyourcurrentskilllevel,settinggoals,andreceivingtrainingandinstructionfromaqualifiedteacher.WhileEricssonbelievesdeliberatepracticeisthekeytobecominganexpert,notallresearchersagreewithhisconclusion.Somerecentstudieshavefounddeliberatepracticeisn’ttheonlyfactorthatexplainsthedifferencesbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Whilepsychologistsarenotsureexactlywhichfactorsmightalsoplayarole,personalitytraits,physicalcharacteristics,andoverallintelligencemaymatteraswell.Practiceisessentialfordevelopingaskill,butbecominganexpertrequiresconstantlychallengingyourselftodobetter,learnmore,andacquirenewknowledgeandskills.Simplypracticingthesameskillsoverandoveragainwillmakeyoubetterinthoseareas,butitwillnotleadtotrueexpertise.51.What’sthemainroleofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothetopic.B.Toanalyzethepopularidea.C.Todescribethebackground.D.Tointroduceaphenomenon.52.GladwellproposedtheexampleofBillGatestoillustrate________.A.patiencemattersalotB.hardworkwillfinallypayoffC.theimportanceofrepeatedpracticeD.thedifficultyofbecomingawell-knownexpert53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deficiency”inParagraph3referto?A.FeatureB.InfluenceC.SignificanceD.Shortcoming54.WhydosomeresearchersdisagreewithAndersEricsson’sidea?A.Becausehisresearchrangeisquitelimited.BBecauseheignoressomerelatedfactors.C.Becauseheintroducessomeconflictingfactors.D.Becausehisresearchmistakessomedefinitions.55.Whatdoesthelastparagraphindicate?A.Peopleshoulddevelopdifferentskillsinlife.B.Simplypracticingisnotenoughtoattaintrueexpertise.C.Peopleshouldn’tonlyfocusonchallengingthemselves.D.Constantlychallengingisessentialforlearningnewknowledge. 【答案】51.A52.C53.D54.B55.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章作者通過引用各種研究人員的理論，包括“一萬小時(shí)法則”，“可疑練習(xí)”等來告訴讀者如何成為一個(gè)真正的專家。【51題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Expertiseiswhatseparatesamateursfromtruemastersinalmostanyfield.Youmightwonderwhetherexpertsare“born”or“made”.Expertsinthefieldprovethatexpertiseisacquiredthroughdedicatedpractice,buthowexactlydopeoplegoaboutbecomingexperts?(在幾乎任何領(lǐng)域，專業(yè)知識(shí)都是區(qū)分業(yè)余愛好者和真正高手的關(guān)鍵。你可能想知道專家是“天生的”還是“后天養(yǎng)成的”。該領(lǐng)域的專家證明，專業(yè)知識(shí)是通過專門的練習(xí)獲得的，但人們究竟如何開始成為專家呢？)”并結(jié)合下文對(duì)這一話題的討論可推知，第一段的主要作用是引出話題。故選A。【52題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“PoppsychologyauthorMalcolmGladwellcoinedthephrase“theten-thousand-hourrule”.Gladwellalsosuggestedtech-entrepreneurBillGateshaddevoted10,000hourstopracticingprogrammingbeforehecreatedMicrosoft.(流行心理學(xué)作家馬爾科姆·格拉德威爾創(chuàng)造了“一萬小時(shí)定律”這個(gè)說法。格拉德威爾還提到，科技企業(yè)家比爾·蓋茨在創(chuàng)建微軟之前，花了1萬小時(shí)練習(xí)編程)”可推知，Gladwell提出了比爾·蓋茨的例子來說明重復(fù)練習(xí)的重要性。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“AndersEricssonoftheUniversityofFlorida,whoisaworld-renownedexpert,hasstudiedexpertsfromallwalksoflifeandpointedoutthe”以及后文“Ericssonbelievesthatwhatseparatesamateursfromexpertsiswhatisreferredtoasdeliberatepractice.(埃里克森認(rèn)為，業(yè)余愛好者與專家的區(qū)別在于所謂的刻意練習(xí))”可知，埃里克森認(rèn)為，業(yè)余愛好者與專家的區(qū)別在于所謂的刻意練習(xí)，說明埃里克森認(rèn)為“一萬小時(shí)定律”有不足之處，故畫線詞意思是“缺點(diǎn)，不足”。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“WhileEricssonbelievesdeliberatepracticeisthekeytobecominganexpert,notallresearchersagreewithhisconclusion.Somerecentstudieshavefounddeliberatepracticeisn’ttheonlyfactorthatexplainsthedifferencesbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Whilepsychologistsarenotsureexactlywhichfactorsmightalsoplayarole,personalitytraits,physicalcharacteristics,andoverallintelligencemaymatteraswell.(盡管埃里克森認(rèn)為有意識(shí)的練習(xí)是成為專家的關(guān)鍵，但并不是所有的研究人員都同意他的結(jié)論。最近的一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有意的練習(xí)并不是解釋熟練者和非熟練者之間差異的唯一因素。雖然心理學(xué)家不確定哪些因素也可能起作用，但性格特征、身體特征和整體智力可能也很重要) ”可知，有些研究人員不同意安德斯·埃里克森的觀點(diǎn)是因?yàn)樗雎粤艘恍┫嚓P(guān)的因素。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Practiceisessentialfordevelopingaskill,butbecominganexpertrequiresconstantlychallengingyourselftodobetter,learnmore,andacquirenewknowledgeandskills.Simplypracticingthesameskillsoverandoveragainwillmakeyoubetterinthoseareas,butitwillnotleadtotrueexpertise.(練習(xí)對(duì)于發(fā)展一項(xiàng)技能是必不可少的，但是成為一名專家需要不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，做得更好，學(xué)得更多，獲得新的知識(shí)和技能。一遍又一遍地練習(xí)同樣的技能會(huì)讓你在這些領(lǐng)域做得更好，但它不會(huì)帶來真正的專業(yè)知識(shí))”可推知，最后一段表明單純的練習(xí)不足以獲得真正的專業(yè)知識(shí)。故選B。第II卷(共35分)第四部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀表達(dá)OnthemorningofmyPh.Dqualifyingexam,Irolledoutofthebedandgotdressed.NextIdidmymake-upandputonmyheels.Ilookedatmyselfinthemirror,feelingconfidentthatIcouldfacethemembersofmyPh.Dcommitteeandanswerwhateverquestionstheythrewatmeduringmypresentation.It’sastrategythatInewlydevelopedduetoanunexpectedinspirationfromLadyGaga.Asastudent,I’vealwaysstruggledwithbeingconfidentatschool.Iespeciallyfearedtogivepresentationsaboutmyresearch.ThebreakthroughcameduringthemonthbeforemyqualifyingexamwhenIlistenedtoLadyGaga’snewalbumtitledJoanne.Asacommittedfan,Inoticedthatthisalbumdifferedgreatlycomparedwithherpastones.Shehadquittedherusualdance-popandtriedcountrymusicforthefirsttime,andherclothinghadchangedaswell.Obviously,LadyGagawastakingahugeprofessionalrisk.However,shewasconfidentofthemusicshereleased,andthefreshimagesheadopted.Thatgotmethinking:CouldIdosomethingsimilarbeforeIsteppedonstage?Mynaturallyshyandquietpersonalitywasnotexactlyidealforpublicspeaking,soIthoughtaboutthefeaturesandtheimageIwantedmyprofessionalselftopossess.Iworeprofessionalclothingandhighlightedmyfeatures—bravery,grace,andself-assurance—throughmake-up.WhenIwalkedintotheexamroom,IwaspleasedtodiscoverthatIhadnew-foundconfidence.Sure,Iwasstillnervous,butIhadanunfamiliarsenseofcalmassoonasIbeganmytalk.Iwasabletoreplytoquestionswithoutthetremblingvoice,andItookownershipoftheworkIpresented.ThankstoLadyGaga,Inowhaveastrategythatunlocksthekeytomyconfidence.56.Whatwastheauthorscaredofatschool?(Nomorethan10words) __________________________________________________________________________________57.WhatbreakthroughdidLadyGagamakeinhernewalbum?(Nomorethan15words)__________________________________________________________________________________58.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph3?(Oneword)__________________________________________________________________________________59.HowdidtheauthorconquerhershynessandnervousnessinthePh.Dqualifyingexam?(Nomorethan15words)__________________________________________________________________________________60Whatinspirationdoyougetfromtheauthor?Pleaseexplainitinyourownwords.(Nomorethan20words)__________________________________________________________________________________【答案】56.Shewasscaredofgivingpresentationsaboutherresearch.57.Shequitted/quitherusualdance-popandtriedcountrymusic,andherclothingchangedaswell.58.Emphasized.59.Sheworeprofessionalclothingandpresentedherbravery,grace,andconfidencethroughmake-up./Bywearingprofessionalclothingandpresentingherbravery,grace,andconfidencethroughmake-up.60.Herstrategytoovercomefearinpresentationinspiresmetoboostconfidenceandfacechallengesinlife.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了作者從著名歌手LadyGaga那里學(xué)到的一個(gè)在演講中克服恐懼并提升自信的方法?！?6題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Iespeciallyfearedtogivepresentationsaboutmyresearch.(我特別害怕做關(guān)于我的研究的報(bào)告)”可知，作者害怕對(duì)她的研究做報(bào)告。故答案為Shewasscaredofgivingpresentationsaboutherresearch.?！?7題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Shehadquittedherusualdance-popandtriedcountrymusicforthefirsttime,andherclothinghadchangedaswell.(她放棄了平時(shí)的流行舞蹈，第一次嘗試鄉(xiāng)村音樂，她的衣服也變了)”可知，LadyGaga在新專輯中放棄了平時(shí)的流行舞蹈，而是嘗試鄉(xiāng)村音樂，她的衣服也變了。故答案為Shequitted/quitherusualdance-popandtriedcountrymusic,andherclothingchangedaswell.?！?8題詳解】考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“soIthoughtaboutthefeaturesandtheimageIwantedmyprofessionalself topossess(所以我考慮了我想要的職業(yè)形象和特征)”及后文“throughmake-up(通過化妝)”可知，作者考慮自己想要的職業(yè)特點(diǎn)和形象，所以應(yīng)是通過化妝突出了這些特點(diǎn)，highlighted意為“突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)”，故答案為Emphasized.?！?9題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Iworeprofessionalclothingandhighlightedmyfeatures—bravery,grace,andself-assurance—throughmake-up.(我穿著職業(yè)裝，通過化妝突出了我的特點(diǎn)——勇敢、優(yōu)雅和自信)”可知，作者穿著職業(yè)裝，通過化妝展現(xiàn)她的勇敢、優(yōu)雅和自信，以此來克服害羞和緊張。故答案為Sheworeprofessionalclothingandpresentedherbravery,grace,andconfidencethroughmake-up./Bywearingprofessionalclothingandpresentingherbravery,grace,andconfidencethroughmake-up.?！?0題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合文章最后一句“ThankstoLadyGaga,Inowhaveastrategythatunlocksthekeytomyconfidence.(多虧了LadyGaga，我現(xiàn)在有了一個(gè)打開我自信的鑰匙的策略)”可知，作者從著名歌手LadyGaga那里學(xué)到了在演講中克服恐懼并提升自信的方法，這個(gè)策略可以激勵(lì)我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)信心，面對(duì)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)。故答案為Herstrategytoovercomefearinpresentationinspiresmetoboostconfidenceandfacechallengesinlife.。第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)61.假定你是津英中學(xué)高三學(xué)生謝飛。今年9月份你因病住院兩周。在此期間，你的外國朋友Francis經(jīng)常在線上輔導(dǎo)你學(xué)習(xí)英語，鼓勵(lì)你積極面對(duì)生活，戰(zhàn)勝困難。感恩節(jié)即將到來，請(qǐng)給他寫一封電子郵件表達(dá)你的感激之情，內(nèi)容包括：1、告知近況；2、回顧幫助；3、邀請(qǐng)他感恩節(jié)來你家。注意：*詞數(shù)不少于100；*可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫；*開頭、結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：Thanks-givingDayDearFrancis, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,XieFei【答案】DearFrancis,Howiseverythinggoing?WithThanks-givingDayapproaching,I’mwritingtoconveymygreatgratitudeforyourhelpduringmytwoweeksinhospital.I’llneverforgetthesupportandcomfortyougavemewhileIwasinhospitalthisSeptember.YounotonlyhelpedmewithmyEnglishstudyonlinebutalsoofferedvaluablesuggestions,whichstillplayasignificantimpactonmenow.Inthetwoweeks,Iwasinlowspirits,withlotsofconcernsonmind.Yourtimelyencouragementfueledmyconfidenceandbravery,sothatIcouldfacethechallengeswithapositiveattitude.NowI’mfullyoccupiedinpreparingfortheentranceexaminationtocollege.Thoughitishardandstressful,Istillmanagetostrikeabalancebetweenstudyandlife,doingsportswithmyclassmatesoccasionally.I’dliketoinviteyoutocometomyhouseforThanks-givingifpossible.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,Xiefei【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于感謝信。要求考生寫一封感謝信，感謝在住院期間，外國朋友Francis對(duì)自己的幫助和鼓勵(lì)?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累影響：impact→influence/effect促進(jìn)，提升：fuel→buildup忙于：beoccupiedin→bebusyin偶然地：occasionally→byaccident2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：WithThanks-givingDayapproaching,I’mwritingtoconveymygreatgratitudeforyourhelpduringmytwoweeksinhospital. 復(fù)合句：AsThanks-givingDayisapproaching,I’mwritingtoconveymygreatgratitudeforyourhelpduringmytwoweeksinhospital.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】YounotonlyhelpedmewithmyEnglishstudyonlinebutalsoofferedvaluablesuggestions,whichstillplayasignificantimpactonmenow.（運(yùn)用了notonly...butalso...連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）【高分句型2】Thoughitishardandstressful,Istillmanagetostrikeabalancebetweenstudyandlife,doingsportswithmyclassmatesoccasionally.（運(yùn)用了though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句和現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語）聽力答案：1-5BACCA6-1010BBCCB11-15ACABC