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閱讀理解人與自我1.2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第八中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測2.2022·福建·福建師大附中?？寄M預(yù)測3.2022·河南鄭州·鄭州外國語學(xué)校?？既?.2022·湖北武漢·武漢市第十二中學(xué)統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測5.2023·吉林·東北師大附中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測6.2022·湖南長沙·湖南師大附中?？既?.2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模8.2023·江蘇·模擬預(yù)測9.2022·北京·人大附中?？既?0.2023·重慶·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測A（2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第八中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Weareaculturedrowninginourpossessions.Wetakeinmoreandmore(holiday,birthdays,sales,needs),butrarelyfindanopportunitytogetridofit.Asaresult,ourhomesfillupwithsomuchstuff.Andbecausewebelievethebestsolutionistofindorganizationaltoolstomanageallofit,weseekoutbiggercontainersormoreefficientorganizationaltipsandtricks.Butsimplyorganizingourstuffmustberepeatedoverandover.Atitsheart,organizingissimplyrearranging.Andthoughwemayfindstoragesolutionstoday,wearequicklyforcedtofindnewonesasearlyastomorrow.Additionally,organizinghassomeothermajorshortcomingsthatarerarelyconsidered.Forexample,itdoesn’tbenefitanyoneelse.Thepossessionswerarelyusesitonshelvesinourbasementsorgarages,evenwhilesomeofourclosestfriendsdesperatelyneedthem.Ontheotherhand,theactofgettingridofstufffromourhomeaccomplishesmanypurposes.Itisnotatemporarysolution.Itisanactionofpermanence—onceanitemhasbeenremoved,itisremovedcompletely.Whetherwere-sellourpossessions,donatethemtocharity,orgivethemtoafriend,theyareimmediatelyputtousebythosewhoneedthem.Removingpossessionsbeginstoturnbackourdesireformoreaswefindfreedomandhappinessinowningless.Andremovingourselvesfromtheall-consumingdesiretoownmorecreatesopportunitiesforsignificantlifechangestotakeplace.Ifyou’restrugglingwithhowtogetridofstuff,youcanfirstchallengeyourselftoremovetheunneededthingsinyourhome,carryatrashbagfromroom-to-room,seehowbigofadonationpileyoucanmake,andeveneliminatedebtbysellingwhatyounolongerneed.Itdoesn’tmatterhowyouremovethem,foritisfarbettertoremovethantoalwaysorganize.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

11．Whatistheproblemwithsimplyorganizingstuff?A．Fewtoolsandtricksareavailable.B．Itneedstoberepeatedveryoften.C．Peoplecannotsavemoneybyorganizing.D．Desiretobuymoredisappearsbyorganizing.2．Howcanweremoveunnecessarypossessions?A．Byresellingthemtoothers.B．Bykeepingthemintrashbags.C．Bystoringtheminthegarage.D．Bypilingthemontheshelves.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”meaninParagraph5?A．getridofB．getoverC．a(chǎn)ddtoD．takechargeof4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoforganizingthings.B．Toinformreadersofthewaystogetridofunnecessarypossessions.C．Tocallforpeopletoremovestuffinsteadofjustorganizing.D．Toappealtopeopletomakedonationstopeopleinneed.【語篇解讀】本文為議論文，闡述了僅僅整理家里的物品并不能真的改善生活方式和自己的行為和理念，應(yīng)當(dāng)是徹底的舍棄，才能讓物品既能物有所用，也能更好地整理自己的生活。1．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butsimplyorganizingourstuffmustberepeatedoverandover.(但是，簡單地組織我們的東西必須一遍又一遍地重復(fù)。)”可知，簡單地整理東西的問題在于這需要經(jīng)常重復(fù)。故選B。2．A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Whetherweresellourpossessions,donatethemtocharity,orgivethemtoafriend,theyareimmediatelyputtousebythosewhoneedthem.(無論我們轉(zhuǎn)售我們的物品，捐贈給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，或給他們的朋友，他們立即被需要它們的人使用。)”可知，通過轉(zhuǎn)賣物品，捐贈給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，贈送給朋友等方式，都可以讓自己徹底擺脫不必要的物品，而且不浪費(fèi)物品本身的價(jià)值。故選A。3．A【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“sellingwhatyounolongerneed(出售你不再需要的東西)”可知，賣掉不需要的東西后就可以得到錢，以此來擺脫債務(wù)，因此劃線詞的意思是“擺脫”，和getridof意思相近，故選A。4．C【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Andbecausewebelievethebestsolutionistofindorganizationaltoolstomanageallofit,weseekoutbiggercontainersormoreefficientorganizationaltipsandtricks.Butsimplyorganizingourstuffmustberepeatedoverand學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

2over.(因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈抛詈玫慕鉀Q方案是找到有組織的工具來管理所有這些，我們尋求更大的容器或更有效的組織技巧和技巧。但是，簡單地組織我們的東西必須一遍又一遍地重復(fù)。)”和第二、三段的描述可知，本文主要分析僅僅整理物品的缺點(diǎn)和徹底清理物品的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，以達(dá)到勸說人們“斷舍離”的目的，因此本文的目的是號召人們清除雜物，而不僅僅是整理。故選C。B（2022·福建·福建師大附中校考模擬預(yù)測）Someeventshavebeenaddedtothe2024Olympics,withsurfing,breakdancingandsportclimbingamongtherecentadditions.WiththemcomeagroupoftermsthatareforeigntotheFrenchlanguage.ForsomeFrench-languagepurists,it’stoomuchtobeartorelyonEnglishtopraisesurfersontheir“noseriding”—standingonthefrontoftheboard.They’vedecidedtheyneedaFrenchsolution.TheFrenchgovernmenthascreatedateamoflanguageexpertsdevotedtopromotingthenationallanguage.Theywillmeetperiodicallyoverthenextcoupleofyearstoidentifyanddefinenewsportsterms.TheFrenchbattleagainsttheinfluenceofotherlanguagesisn’tnew.In1994,theToubonlawwaspassed,forcingtheuseofFrenchinallgovernmentpublications,contractsandadvertisements.Yetitcontainedseveralloopholes,whichallowbrandsandcompaniestoextensivelyuseEnglish.Asaresult,anglicismsarebecomingmoreobvious.JulieNeveux,linguisticsprofessoratSorbonneUniversityinParis,saidanglicismsare“sometimesestimatedatjustunder5%ofthepresentvocabulary,buttheyaredisturbingbecausetheyshowthatwefollowaneconomicandculturalmodelotherthanourown.”Theyareparticularlypresentinsportscompetitionsandevents,duringwhichathletesfromaroundtheworldareusedtocommunicatinginEnglish.“Sportwasoneofthefirstareastobeglobalized,”saidsportshistorianMichaelAttali,“ThisphenomenonhasstrengthenedEnglishastheofficiallanguage.”Despitetheirbestefforts,nocommitteehassuccessfullypreventedEnglishfrominfiltratingeverydaylanguage.BythetimeFrenchofficialsagreedonatranslationanditsdefinition,theEnglishversionhasalreadyspreadthroughoutthenation,“Similarcommitteeshavebeenputinplaceinthepast,butnothinghaschangedsofar,”saidAttali.“TherearefarfeweranglicismsinFrenchthanthereareFrenchwordsinEnglish.”saidNeveux.addingtheseexchangesshouldnotbeseenasathreat.“Alllivinglanguagesexistbyborrowingfromeachother.Languagesonlyexistthankstotheirimpurity.”5．Whatwillateamoflanguageexpertsdo?A．PromotethespreadofFrenchintheworld.B．Decideuponsomenewsportsterms.C．BringEnglishandFrenchtogether.D．MakeFrenchmuchpurer.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph3referto?A．Anglicisms.B．Englishwords.C．Frenchwords.D．Newlycreatedwords.7．What’stheresultofpreviouseffortstostopEnglishfrominfiltratingFrench?A．Unimportant.B．Successful.C．Fruitless.D．Unmentioned.8．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．EnglishismorepopularthanFrench.B．Alllanguagesshouldbepreserved.C．Theexchangesbetweentwolanguagescanbeavoided.D．Neveuxispositiveabouttheimpurityoflanguage.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了法國政府成立了一個(gè)語言專家團(tuán)隊(duì)，致力于推廣法語。他們將在未來幾年定期開會，以確定和定義新的體育術(shù)語。文章還介紹了歷史上法語對抗其它語言影響的事件以及人們對的看法。5．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theywillmeetperiodicallyoverthenextcoupleofyearstoidentifyanddefinenewsportsterms.(他們將在未來幾年定期開會，以確定和定義新的體育術(shù)語)”可知，一群語言專家會決定一些新的體育術(shù)語。故選B。6．A【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“JulieNeveux,linguisticsprofessoratSorbonneUniversityinParis,saidanglicismsare“sometimesestimatedatjustunder5%ofthepresentvocabulary”以及后文“Theyareparticularlypresentinsportscompetitionsandevents,duringwhichathletesfromaroundtheworldareusedtocommunicatinginEnglish.(它們尤其出現(xiàn)在體育比賽和活動中，在這些比賽中，來自世界各地的運(yùn)動員習(xí)慣于用英語交流)”可知，巴黎索邦大學(xué)的語言學(xué)教授JulieNeveux說，anglicisms“有時(shí)估計(jì)在現(xiàn)有詞匯中只占不到5%，但它們令人不安，因?yàn)閍nglicisms表明，我們遵循的是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化模式，而不是我們自己的模式?！惫蕋hey指的是“anglicisms”，故選A。7．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Similarcommitteeshavebeenputinplaceinthepast,butnothinghaschangedsofar(過去也有類似的委員會，但到目前為止沒有任何改變)”可知，以前阻止英語滲透到法語的努力結(jié)果是徒勞的。故選C。8．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““TherearefarfeweranglicismsinFrenchthanthereareFrenchwordsinEnglish.”saidNeveux,addingtheseexchangesshouldnotbeseenasathreat.“Alllivinglanguagesexistbyborrowingfromeachother.Languagesonlyexistthankstotheir學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

4impurity.”(“法語中的英語詞匯遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于英語中的法語單詞?！盢eveux補(bǔ)充說，這些交換不應(yīng)被視為威脅。“所有現(xiàn)存的語言都是通過相互借鑒而存在的。語言之所以存在，是因?yàn)樗鼈兇嬖诓患冃?。?”可推知，Neveux對語言的不純性持肯定態(tài)度。故選D。C（2022·河南鄭州·鄭州外國語學(xué)校?？既＃㏕hebellrang.Jadasighed,slowlymovedfromthelockerswhereshehadbeenleaning,andheadeddownthehalltoherchemistryclass.HonorsChemistry!Jadacouldn’tbelievethathermomwasmakinghertaketheclassbecauseJada’scounselorhadsaidthatshehadrealtalentinscience.Jadahadtoadmitthatshelikedscienceandthatlastyear’sclasswasabreeze,butcomeonHonorsChemistry?Shewouldn’tknowanyoneintheclass,andtheyprobablywouldn’tknowanyonelikeher.Thegoodthingaboutbeinglateisthatitshortenedtheperiodabit.Thebadthingisthatitmadeherseemlikeshewasmakingagrandentrance.Tomakemattersworse,theonlytwoseatsleftinclasswereatthelabtableattheveryfrontoftheroom.Jadaheldherbreathandwalkedin.Everyoneseyeswereonher.Shejustknewit.Theywerestaringathercoalblackhair(freshlydyed),herblacklipstick,herblackfingernailpolish,andherthrift-storeblackleatherjacket.Allshesawwerepoloshirtsandkhakipants.Thiscan’tgetanyworse,Jadathought.Butatleastshedidn’tgetshoutedatbytheteacher.Hewastoobusytalkingtoanewkid.AHUGEnewkid,maybe6'4".Hehadtoweighatleast250pounds.Afootballplayer,probably.Shehatedfootballplayers.Theythoughttheyweresogreat.Thatgroupofjocksthathungoutbythecafeteriaalwaysmadefunofher.Thenewkidmadehiswayovertohertablewithhisheaddown.Hehadtosqueezeintotheseat,andhislegswouldn’tfitunderthelabtable.HeshotJadaaglanceandturnedred.Mr.Martin,theteacher,beganclasswiththisannouncement:Okay,everyone.Iknowmostofyouknoweachotherfromlastyear’sHonorsPhysicalScienceclass.Jadasighedloudly.“Butjusttakeaminuteandintroduceyourselftothepersonsittingatyourtable.You’llbepartners.You’llbeworkingcloselytogetherallyear.”Jadarolledhereyesandstaredstraightahead.Thensheheardasurprisinglysoftvoicefromnexttoher.“Hi.I’mRobert.I’mnewhere.”9．WhatcanbelearnedaboutJadafromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Shethoughtthisyear’schemistryclasswouldbeabreeze.B．Shewasn’twillingtotaketheHonorsChemistryclass.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

5C．ShewasangrythathermothermadehergotoschoolD．Shefoundshedidn’tlikescienceasshethought.10．ThewriterdescribedJada’sappearanceinparagraph4inorderto______.A．revealhowdifferentshewasfromherclassmatesB．explainwhyshewaslateforschoolthatmorning.C．givereadersageneralimpressionofsciencestudents.D．implythatshefeltsorryformakingagrandentrance11．Inparagraph5,thephrase“thatgroupofjocks”refersto______.A．thenewkidB．Jada’sclassmatesC．Jada’steacherD．footballplayers12．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofthenewkid?A．Hewasrude.B．Helikedsports.C．Hewasshy.D．Helookedsad.【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了Jada第一次上榮譽(yù)化學(xué)課遲到的經(jīng)歷。9．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thebellrang.Jadasighed,slowlymovedfromthelockerswhereshehadbeenleaning,andheadeddownthehalltoherchemistryclass.HonorsChemistry!Jadacouldn’tbelievethathermomwasmakinghertaketheclassbecauseJada’scounselorhadsaidthatshehadrealtalentinscience.(鈴響了。Jada嘆了口氣，慢慢地從她一直靠著的儲物柜旁走出來，沿著大廳去上化學(xué)課。榮譽(yù)化學(xué)！Jada不敢相信她媽媽讓她上課，因?yàn)镴ada的輔導(dǎo)員說她有真正的科學(xué)天賦)”和第二段“Jadahadtoadmitthatshelikedscienceandthatlastyear’sclasswasabreeze,butcomeonHonorsChemistry?Shewouldn’tknowanyoneintheclass,andtheyprobablywouldn’tknowanyonelikeher.(Jada不得不承認(rèn)她喜歡科學(xué)，去年的課程輕而易舉，但是，榮譽(yù)化學(xué)？她不會認(rèn)識班上的任何人，他們可能也不會認(rèn)識像她這樣的人)”可知，Jada確實(shí)喜歡化學(xué)課，但她不想去上榮譽(yù)化學(xué)課，因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識班上的同學(xué)。故選B。10．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二三句“Thebadthingisthatitmadeherseemlikeshewasmakinga學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

6grandentrance.(糟糕的是，這讓她看起來像是在做一個(gè)宏大的入場。更糟糕的是，課堂上只剩下兩個(gè)座位在房間前面的實(shí)驗(yàn)室桌子上)”和第四段“Jadaheldherbreathandwalkedin.Everyoneseyeswereonher.Shejustknewit.Theywerestaringathercoalblackhair(freshlydyed),herblacklipstick,herblackfingernailpolish,andherthrift-storeblackleatherjacket.Allshesawwerepoloshirtsandkhakipants.(Jada屏住呼吸，走了進(jìn)來。每個(gè)人都盯著她。她只是知道這一點(diǎn)。他們盯著她的煤黑頭發(fā)（新鮮染色）、黑色口紅、黑色指甲油和她舊貨店的黑色皮夾克。她看到的只是馬球衫和卡其色褲子)”可知，因?yàn)檫t到的關(guān)系，她受到了所有同學(xué)的矚目，而她也只能屏住呼吸一直向前走到前排的空位坐下，第四段的外貌描寫凸顯了這一過程Jada的緊張和因?yàn)檫t到受到關(guān)注的抱歉。故選D。11．D【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Shehatedfootballplayers.Theythoughttheyweresogreat.”（她討厭足球運(yùn)動員。他們覺得自己很了不起）以及該詞組所在的句子“Thatgroupofjocksthathungoutbythecafeteriaalwaysmadefunofher.”（在自助餐廳附近閑逛的Thatgroupofjocks總是取笑她）”可知，thatgroupofjocks指代前文的“footballplayers”。故選D。12．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thenewkidmadehiswayovertohertablewithhisheaddown.Hehadtosqueezeintotheseat,andhislegswouldn’tfitunderthelabtable.HeshotJadaaglanceandturnedred.(新來的孩子低著頭走到她的桌子前。他不得不擠進(jìn)座位上，他的腿放不進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的桌子下面。他瞥了Jada一眼，臉紅了)”可知，新來的孩子很害羞。故選C。D（2022·湖北武漢·武漢市第十二中學(xué)統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Librariesareromanticplaces.Theromanceisthatofreading,andthewealthofhumanimaginingandlearningthatiscontainedinthem.Accesstotheknowledgeandliteraryartpoetry,fiction,drama)inalibraryisprecious-andparticularlyvaluabletoyoungmindsandpeopleofanyagewithaninterestineducation.Itwouldbehardtofindanyonewhoactivelydisapprovesoflibraries.Butwhenitcomestoreality,Britain’slibrariesareonlesssolidground.ThenumberofbooksborrowedintheyearendinginMarch.2021was72.9m,down56%onthepreviousyear.Physicalvisitsalsocollapsed,from214.6mto59.7m.Ofcourse,thisisthebehaviourthatonewouldexpectduringapandemic.Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod,whilepeoplewerediscouragedfromunnecessarymixing.Booksalesclimbedtotheirhighestinadecadein2021,whichsuggeststhatsomeformerusersoflibrariesmayhaveboughtbooksinstead.Privatelibrariesathome,whetherlargecollectionsorsinglebookshelves,appeartobedevelopingwell.Butthehopemustbethatvisitsandloansatpubliclibrarieswillsoonreturntotheirformerleveltoo.Likeanyother學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

7service,librariesneedusers.Andwhilebooksellersmightinonesenseberegardedascompetitors,infactthevastmajorityofthoseinvolvedinthetrade,frompublisherstopoets,arelibrarylovers.Thishassomethingtodowiththeromanticideaofthereaderasexplorer,witheverybookadoortoanewstoreoffeelingorunderstanding.Butitalsoinvolvestherecognitionthatifbooksaretoformpartofourlife,theremustbespaceinpublicforthem.Bookscanbetreasuredpossessions,butthereisalsosomethingspecialaboutacopythatarrivesinyourhandshavingpassedthroughthoseofothers-andthatwillgoonbeingpassedbetweenstrangerswhoshareyourcuriosity.13．WhathashappenedtoBritishlibraries?A．Theyhavebeeninabadstate.B．Theyhavebecomeromanticplaces.C．Theyhavegotgreatappealforartists.D．Theyhavesufferedgreatlossofusers.14．WhathasledtothehomelibraryboominBritain?A．Peopleavoidclosecontactinpublic.B．Manylibrarieshavebeenpulleddown.C．Peoplehaveaccesstoaffordablebooks.D．Morepeopledisapproveofpubliclibraries.15．Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveyinthelastparagraph?A．Booksarepersonalbelongings.B．Librariesareaparadiseforadventurers.C．Booksshouldbeattachedimportanceto.D．Librariescontributetohumanconnection.16．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Librarieswillfadeoutofstage.B．Librarieswillholdapromisingfuture.C．Booksellersbenefitfromlibraries’collapse.D．ThepandemichasboostedBritishbooksales.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了圖書館是一個(gè)浪漫的地方。浪漫在于閱讀，以及其中蘊(yùn)含的豐富的人類想象和知識。在圖書館獲得知識和文學(xué)藝術(shù)(詩歌、小說、戲劇)是非常寶貴的，尤其是對年輕人和任何年齡對教育感興趣的人來說。同時(shí)，認(rèn)為圖書館將有一個(gè)美好的未來。13．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butwhenitcomestoreality,Britain’slibrariesareonlesssolidground.ThenumberofbooksborrowedintheyearendinginMarch.2021was72.9m,down56%onthepreviousyear.Physicalvisitsalsocollapsed,from214.6mto59.7m.”（但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，英國的圖書館卻缺乏堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。在截至2021年3月的一年中，圖書借閱數(shù)量為7290萬冊，較上年下降56%。體檢次數(shù)也大幅減少，從2.146億次降至5970萬次。）可知，英國圖書館遭受了巨大的用戶損失。故選D。14．A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ofcourse,thisisthebehaviourthatonewouldexpectduringapandemic.Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod,whilepeoplewerediscouragedfromunnecessarymixing.Book學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

8salesclimbedtotheirhighestinadecadein2021,whichsuggeststhatsomeformerusersoflibrariesmayhaveboughtbooksinstead.”（當(dāng)然，這是人們在疫情期間預(yù)計(jì)會出現(xiàn)的行為。許多圖書館在此期間關(guān)閉，同時(shí)人們被禁止不必要的混合。2021年，圖書銷量攀升至10年來的最高水平，這表明一些以前的圖書館用戶可能轉(zhuǎn)而購買圖書。）可知，人們避免在公共場合密切接觸導(dǎo)致了英國家庭圖書館的興起。故選A。15．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butitalsoinvolvestherecognitionthatifbooksaretoformpartofourlife,theremustbespaceinpublicforthem.Bookscanbetreasuredpossessions,butthereisalsosomethingspecialaboutacopythatarrivesinyourhandshavingpassedthroughthoseofothers-andthatwillgoonbeingpassedbetweenstrangerswhoshareyourcuriosity.”（但它也涉及到認(rèn)識到，如果書籍要成為我們生活的一部分，就必須在公共場所為它們留出空間。書可以是寶貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)，但當(dāng)一本經(jīng)過別人的書傳到你的手中時(shí)，它也會有特別的意義——它會在和你一樣好奇的陌生人之間傳遞。）故可推知，作者在最后一段試圖表達(dá)圖書館有助于人與人之間的聯(lián)系。故選D。16．B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Librariesareromanticplaces.Theromanceisthatofreading,andthewealthofhumanimaginingandlearningthatiscontainedinthem.Accesstotheknowledgeandliteraryartpoetry,fiction,drama)inalibraryisprecious-andparticularlyvaluabletoyoungmindsandpeopleofanyagewithaninterestineducation.”（圖書館是一個(gè)浪漫的地方。浪漫在于閱讀，以及其中蘊(yùn)含的豐富的人類想象和知識。在圖書館獲得知識和文學(xué)藝術(shù)(詩歌、小說、戲劇)是非常寶貴的，尤其是對年輕人和任何年齡對教育感興趣的人來說。）以及第四段中“Butthehopemustbethatvisitsandloansatpubliclibrarieswillsoonreturntotheirformerleveltoo.Likeanyotherservice,librariesneedusers.Andwhilebooksellersmightinonesenseberegardedascompetitors,infactthevastmajorityofthoseinvolvedinthetrade,frompublisherstopoets,arelibrarylovers.”（但人們一定希望，公共圖書館的訪客和借閱量也能很快恢復(fù)到以前的水平。和其他服務(wù)一樣，圖書館也需要用戶。雖然從某種意義上說，書商可能被視為競爭對手，但事實(shí)上，絕大多數(shù)參與這一行業(yè)的人，從出版商到詩人，都是圖書館愛好者。）可知，文章主要講的是圖書館將有一個(gè)美好的未來。故選B。E（2023·吉林·東北師大附中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Leiawasfreshoutofcollegewhenshebeganworkingasamemberofabusiness-developmentteamatamid-sizetechcompany.Thoughherskillshadearnedherthejob,shewastheyoungestpersonintheteam.“Everybodyelsewasprettymuchtwicemyage,”shesays.“Iheardaboutcommentsbeingmadebehindmyback.Therewereacoupleoftimeswhenmysuperiorsreferredtomyagerightin學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

9frontofme,sayingIwastooyoung,‘Whatdoesa23-year-oldknowaboutthesethings?’”Leiatriedtochangethingsbyalteringherappearanceatwork.“IchangedthewayIdressed.Itriedtodressolder,more‘ladylike’.Ichangedmymannerismsandtriedtoactolder,”??shesays.“Itworked,??to??an??extent.”??Thecommentsaboutherageandperceived(認(rèn)定的)inexperiencelessened,butLeiasaysshestillfeltlikehergrowthpotentialwaslimited.Sheleftthecompanysoonafter.WhatLeiaexperiencedwasageismtraditionallyseenassomethingonlyolderpeopleface.Forinstance,olderworkersmightbejudgedbasedonassumptionsthat??theywon’tfitintoa??progressiveofficedynamicsorlearntechnologyasquickly.AUSstudyshowedthatnearlytwo-thirdsofworkersaged45andolderhadseenorexperiencedagediscrimination.Butyoungerworkersfaceagediscrimination,too.Infact,newresearchshowsitmayactuallybetheyoungestteammemberswhoarebearingtheimpactofworkplaceageismrightnow.Leiasaysremovingageismentirelywillultimatelyrequireafundamentalchangetocorporateculture,whichhaslongtiedseniority(資歷)toskill.“We??prizeyearsofexperience??alittle??too??much,??and??Idon’t??thinkyearsofexperienceandskillarenecessarilyrelated,”shesays.“SteveJobswas21whenhefoundedApple.Wedon’tknowhowmuchyoungerpeopleactuallyhavetocontribute.Hopefully,moreemployersarerealizingit.”17．WhatwasthemaintopicofLeia’ssuperiorsabouther?A．Herjobskills.B．Heryoungage.C．Hercuteappearance.D．Herfamilybackground.18．Whydidn’tLeiastayanylongeratthecompany?A．Shefailedtodressmorelady-like.B．Shereceivedmorenegativecomments.C．Shefeltpressurefromherworktoanextent.D．Shewantedmorespaceforhergrowthpotential.19．WhichstatementagreeswiththeUSstudythemost?A．Onlyolderpeoplefaceagediscriminationatwork.B．Youngworkerscan’tfitintoaprogressiveoffice.C．Olderworkersareveryslowtechnologylearners.D．Youngworkersareseriouslyaffectedbyageism.20．WhydoesLeiamentionSteveJobs?A．ToofferinformationabouttheAppleCompany.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

10B．TotellaboutSteveJobs’unknowncontribution.C．Tosaythatskilldoesnotalwayscomewithage.D．Toshowthatskillalonematterstoyoungpeople.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)，萊婭就開始在一家中型科技公司的業(yè)務(wù)開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)工作，因?yàn)樽约菏菆F(tuán)隊(duì)中最年輕的人而被其它同事質(zhì)疑能力，受到年齡歧視。萊亞認(rèn)為，徹底消除年齡歧視最終需要從根本上改變企業(yè)文化。17．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“‘Everybodyelsewasprettymuchtwicemyage,’shesays.‘Iheardaboutcommentsbeingmadebehindmyback.Therewereacoupleoftimeswhenmysuperiorsreferredtomyagerightinfrontofme,sayingIwastooyoung,‘Whatdoesa23-year-oldknowaboutthesethings?’(“其他人的年齡幾乎是我的兩倍，”她說?！拔衣犝f有人在我背后發(fā)表評論。有幾次，我的上司當(dāng)著我的面提到我的年齡，說我太年輕了，‘一個(gè)23歲的人能懂這些東西嗎?’)”可知，萊婭的上司們談?wù)撍闹饕掝}是她相對較小的年齡。故選B。18．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecommentsaboutherageandperceived(認(rèn)定的)inexperiencelessened,butLeiasaysshestillfeltlikehergrowthpotentialwaslimited.Sheleftthecompanysoonafter.(關(guān)于她年齡和缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的評論減少了，但萊婭說，她仍然覺得自己的成長潛力有限。不久她就離開了公司。)”可知，萊婭離開了那家公司是因?yàn)樗Ｍ懈嗟目臻g發(fā)揮自己的成長潛力。故選D。19．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AUSstudyshowedthatnearlytwo-thirdsofworkersaged45andolderhadseenorexperiencedagediscrimination.??Butyoungerworkersfaceagediscrimination,too.?Infact,newresearchshowsitmayactuallybetheyoungestteammemberswhoarebearingtheimpactofworkplaceageismrightnow.(美國一項(xiàng)研究顯示，在45歲及以上的員工中，近三分之二的人看到或經(jīng)歷過年齡歧視。但年輕員工也面臨著年齡歧視。事實(shí)上，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，現(xiàn)在可能是最年輕的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員正在承受工作場所年齡歧視的影響。)”可知，“年輕員工受到年齡歧視的嚴(yán)重影響”這一陳述最符合美國的研究。故選D。20．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘We???prizeyearsofexperience???alittle???too???much,???and???Idon’t???thinkyearsofexperienceandskillarenecessarilyrelated,’shesays.‘SteveJobswas21whenhefoundedApple.Wedon’tknowhowmuchyoungerpeopleactuallyhavetocontribute.Hopefully,moreemployersarerealizing學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

11it.’(她說：“我們有點(diǎn)過于看重多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我認(rèn)為多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能沒有必然的聯(lián)系。”史蒂夫·喬布斯創(chuàng)立蘋果公司時(shí)只有21歲。我們不知道年輕人到底要貢獻(xiàn)多少。希望更多的雇主意識到這一點(diǎn)?！薄?”可知，萊婭提到史蒂夫·喬布斯在21歲就創(chuàng)立蘋果公司為了說明技能并不總是隨著年齡而增長。年輕人也會有很大貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。F（2022·湖南長沙·湖南師大附中?？既＃㎝attDoogue,a34-year-oldnaturephotographer,hadbeensufferingfromdepressionwhenhefirstfoundhispassionfortakingpicturesofinsectsandhisworkisnowfeaturedinNationalGeographic.Hesaysthathetriedtotakehisownlifenineyearsagoafterhittingrockbottom.“Inthebeginning,Iwassoparanoid(多疑的)andangrythatIcouldn’tleavethehouse,”saysDoogue.“WhenIattemptedtoendmylife,IknewIneededtoseesomeone.Iwenttothedoctorsandgottreatment,butIknewthatIneededsomethingmoreandthat’swhenIstartedphotography.”Nowadadoftwo,Dooguefoundthatlookingatinsectsthroughacamerahelpedhiminwayshecouldneverhaveimaginedanditprovedtobethelifelineheneeded.Ithadacalmingeffectthathelpedhimtodisconnectfromstress;andhisastonishingimages,showinginsectsandspidersinamazingdetailagainstbrightlycoloredbackgrounds,caughttheeyeofpublishersatNationalGeographic.“Iendedupasoneoftheirfeaturedphotographers,”recalledDoogue.“Itwasthepeakofmycareer.Itwasincredible.”O(jiān)riginallyfromSalford,GreaterManchester,henowlivesinArmadale,WestLothian,Scotland.ThoughhefearsthatScotlandisinthemiddleofanepidemic(流行病)ofmalesuicide,hebelievesthatsharinghisloveofnaturephotographycanhelpotherstocopewiththeirmentalhealthissuesaswell.“Ithinktheproblemisthisman-upapproach;theideathatmenneedtobestrongputssomuchpressureonyoungmalestobefineallthetime,”saysDoogue.“ThisiswhyItryandbesoopenaboutmyownexperience.WheneverIamoutwithmycamera,Idon’tthinkaboutmyotherworries.Itisjustmeandtheenvironmentaroundme.Youcanloseyourselfinaspidermakingitsweb.”21．Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellusaboutDoogue?A．WhyDooguewantedtoendhislife.B．WhyDooguetookupphotography.C．HowDooguebecamedepressed.D．WhenDoogueturnedphotographer.22．HowdidphotographybenefitDoogue?A．Itgavehimanewwaytoexpresshimself.B．Itprovidedhimwithlife-savingskills.C．Ithelpedhimtoescapefrompressure.D．Itofferedhimanopportunitytoexplorenature.23．WhatcausesScottishmentodevelopmentalhealthproblems?A．Thewaymenemploytosolveproblems.B．Thelackofloveformen’slifeandwork.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

12C．Theworrythatmengetseparatedfrompeople.D．Thebeliefthatmenareexpectedtobestrong.24．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetext?A．Towarntheseriousnessofmentalproblems.B．Toshowthebenefitsofnaturephotography.C．TointroduceDoogue’sfightingdepression.D．Toadvisethereaderstogetclosetonature.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述自然攝影師Doogue通過拍攝挽救了抑郁的自己，并通過分享他的作品和經(jīng)歷，鼓勵(lì)和幫助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。21．B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“MattDoogue,a34-year-oldnaturephotographer,hadbeensufferingfromdepressionwhenhefirstfoundhispassionfortakingpicturesofinsectsandhisworkisnowfeaturedinNationalGeographic.Hesaysthathetriedtotakehisownlifenineyearsagoafterhittingrockbottom.“Inthebeginning,Iwassoparanoid(多疑的)andangrythatIcouldn’tleavethehouse,”saysDoogue.“WhenIattemptedtoendmylife,IknewIneededtoseesomeone.Iwenttothedoctorsandgottreatment,butIknewthatIneededsomethingmoreandthat’swhenIstartedphotography.”(34歲的馬特·杜格是一名自然攝影師，當(dāng)他第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對拍攝昆蟲的熱情時(shí)，他一直患有抑郁癥，他的作品現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)登上了《國家地理》雜志。他說，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾試圖自殺?！耙婚_始，我非常偏執(zhí)和憤怒，以至于我不能離開家，”道格說?！爱?dāng)我試圖結(jié)束自己的生命時(shí)，我知道我需要見一個(gè)人。我去看了醫(yī)生，接受了治療，但我知道我需要更多，于是我開始攝影?！?”可知，文章第一段主要講述Doogue從事攝影的原因。故選B。22．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ithadacalmingeffectthathelpedhimtodisconnectfromstress;andhisastonishingimages,showinginsectsandspidersinamazingdetailagainstbrightlycoloredbackgrounds,caughttheeyeofpublishersatNationalGeographic.(它有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，幫助他從壓力中解脫出來；他的這些驚人的照片，在色彩鮮艷的背景下，以驚人的細(xì)節(jié)展示了昆蟲和蜘蛛，引起了《國家地理》雜志出版商的注意。)”可知，Doogue通過自然攝影，幫助自己擺脫壓力。故選C。23．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ThoughhefearsthatScotlandisinthemiddleofanepidemic(流行病)ofmalesuicide,hebelievesthatsharinghisloveofnaturephotographycanhelpotherstocopewiththeirmentalhealthissuesaswell.“Ithinktheproblemisthisman-upapproach;theideathatmenneedtobestrongputssomuchpressureonyoungmalestobefineallthetime,”says學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

13Doogue.(盡管他擔(dān)心蘇格蘭正處于男性自殺泛濫的時(shí)期，但他相信分享自己對自然攝影的熱愛也能幫助其他人應(yīng)對心理健康問題?！拔艺J(rèn)為問題在于這種男性化的方式；男性需要強(qiáng)壯的觀念給年輕男性施加了很大的壓力，讓他們一直保持健康，”道格說。)”可推斷，男人被期待變強(qiáng)大和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的想法給蘇格蘭的年輕男性很大壓力，導(dǎo)致他們患有心理健康疾病。故選D。24．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MattDoogue,a34-year-oldnaturephotographer,hadbeensufferingfromdepressionwhenhefirstfoundhispassionfortakingpicturesofinsectsandhisworkisnowfeaturedinNationalGeographic.Hesaysthathetriedtotakehisownlifenineyearsagoafterhittingrockbottom.“Inthebeginning,Iwassoparanoid(多疑的)andangrythatIcouldn’tleavethehouse,”saysDoogue.“WhenIattemptedtoendmylife,IknewIneededtoseesomeone.Iwenttothedoctorsandgottreatment,butIknewthatIneededsomethingmoreandthat’swhenIstartedphotography.”(34歲的馬特·杜格是一名自然攝影師，當(dāng)他第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對拍攝昆蟲的熱情時(shí)，他一直患有抑郁癥，他的作品現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)登上了《國家地理》雜志。他說，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾試圖自殺?！耙婚_始，我非常偏執(zhí)和憤怒，以至于我不能離開家，”道格說。“當(dāng)我試圖結(jié)束自己的生命時(shí)，我知道我需要見一個(gè)人。我去看了醫(yī)生，接受了治療，但我知道我需要更多，于是我開始攝影?！?”及第三段中的“ThoughhefearsthatScotlandisinthemiddleofanepidemic(流行病)ofmalesuicide,hebelievesthatsharinghisloveofnaturephotographycanhelpotherstocopewiththeirmentalhealthissuesaswell.(盡管他擔(dān)心蘇格蘭正處于男性自殺泛濫的時(shí)期，但他相信分享自己對自然攝影的熱愛也能幫助其他人應(yīng)對心理健康問題。)”可推斷，作者寫這篇文章的目的是：介紹Doogue抵抗抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷，并希望通過分享他的經(jīng)歷幫助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故選C。G（2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模）Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovideemotionalsupportforchildrenreceivingmedicaltreatment.Robinexplainsmedicalprocedurestothem,playsgamesandtellsstories,andduringtreatmentdistractsthemtoreducetheirsenseofpain.TherobotusesAItounderstandotherpeople’sfeelings,rememberingfacialexpressionsandconversationstobuilddialogueforfollow-upsessions.IntrialsattheWigmoreMedical(UK)PediatricClinicinYerevan,Armenia,theteamfoundthatRobinledtoa34%decreaseinstressandanincreaseinhappinessof26%inthe120childrenwhointeractedwithhimatleastonce.Healthcarerobotscouldallbenefitfromdisplayingemotionalintelligence,bothrecognizingandrespondingtohumanemotions,andtosomeextent,managingthem.Theproblemwiththisisthefearthathumanjobsmaybelost學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

14asrobotsbecomebetterathandlingsocialsituations.Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged65andovergloballywillbe1.6billion(17%),roughlytwicetheproportionofwhatitistoday.Anextra3.5millioncareworkerswillbeneededandthatwillincludeemotionallyintelligentrobots.Today’ssimplesystemsarebeingtrainedtomeetthatdemand.Thisincludesalittlewheeledrobotthatcanguesshowyouarefeelingfromthewayyouwalk,andtherobotfromtheUniversityofLincolnintheUK—whohelpselderlypeopletostayphysicallyandmentallyactive.Theimpactofsocialrobotsonourlivestodatehasbeentiny.Butnewmodelsarebeingintroducedthatcouldmakethebreakthrough.Humanemotionsaredifficulttodefine,butastrustinrobotsincreases,breakingdownthepsychologicalbarrierbecomeseasiertoimagine.25．Whataresocialrobotsuniquelycapableof?A．Liftingheavypackagesupstairsforweakpeople.B．Teachingmentallyillteensemotionalexpressions.C．Cookingdeliciousdishesforthedisabledathome.D．Playingsongsforblindpeopleontheirrequest.26．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Robin’sfunctiontoreducepain.B．Robin’spopularityinhospitals.C．Robin’spracticalapplication.D．Robin’ssuccessinpassingtests.27．Howisparagraph4developed?A．Byconcludingviewpoints.B．Byanalyzingcauses.C．Bymakingcomparison.D．Bygivingdefinition.28．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhumanjobreplacementbyrobots?A．ItisalreadyhappeningthroughoutUK.B．Humansneedtoworkhardtosecurejobs.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

15C．Robotscanonlymeetbasichumanneeds.D．It’sanunstoppableandbeneficialtrend.【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了對社交機(jī)器人的研究：以Robin為例，處于互動前沿的機(jī)器可以對情感做出反應(yīng)，并在情感上照顧弱者、老人和兒童，作者認(rèn)為用社交機(jī)器人來看護(hù)將會是一個(gè)不可阻擋的有益的趨勢。25．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.(對社交機(jī)器人的研究表明，處于互動前沿的機(jī)器可以對情緒做出反應(yīng)，并在情感上照顧弱者、老人和兒童。)”可知，社交機(jī)器人可以對情緒（feelings）作出回應(yīng)并在情感上（emotionally）關(guān)愛弱者、老年人和小孩，這是它的不同之處，與題目中的uniquely相呼應(yīng)，故B項(xiàng)“教患有精神疾病的青少年情緒表達(dá)”與文章內(nèi)容相符，其余選項(xiàng)均非情感上的幫助。故選B。26．C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovideemotionalsupportforchildrenreceivingmedicaltreatment.Robinexplainsmedicalprocedurestothem,playsgamesandtellsstories,andduringtreatmentdistractsthemtoreducetheirsenseofpain.TherobotusesAItounderstandotherpeople’sfeelings,rememberingfacialexpressionsandconversationstobuilddialogueforfollow-upsessions.IntrialsattheWigmoreMedical(UK)PediatricClinicinYerevan,Armenia,theteamfoundthatRobinledtoa34%decreaseinstressandanincreaseinhappinessof26%inthe120childrenwhointeractedwithhimatleastonce.(羅賓被設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)陪伴機(jī)器人，為接受治療的兒童提供情感支持。羅賓向他們解釋醫(yī)療程序，玩游戲，講故事，并在治療期間分散他們的注意力，以減輕他們的痛感。該機(jī)器人使用人工智能來理解他人的感受，記住面部表情和對話，為后續(xù)會話建立對話。在亞美尼亞埃里溫威格莫爾醫(yī)學(xué)（英國）兒科診所的試驗(yàn)中，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，在120名使用羅賓機(jī)器人的兒童中，他們的壓力減少了34%，幸福感增加了26%)”可知，本段介紹了Robin這款為接受治療的孩子提供情感支持而設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人的實(shí)際用途及其帶來的積極影響。故選C。27．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged65andovergloballywillbe1.6billion(17%),roughlytwicetheproportionofwhatitistoday.Anextra3.5millioncareworkerswillbeneededandthatwillincludeemotionallyintelligentrobots.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

16(人口趨勢表明，隨著時(shí)間的推移，對機(jī)器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會增長。到2050年，全球65歲及以上的人口數(shù)量將達(dá)到16億，占17%，大約是目前比例的兩倍。英國還需要350萬名護(hù)工，其中包括具有情感智能的機(jī)器人。)”可知，本段的中心句為第一句：人口趨勢表明機(jī)器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會逐步增長。接著，進(jìn)一步闡述了原因：是未來老齡化人口的增長將導(dǎo)致護(hù)理人員需求的增加，其中也包括具有情感智能的機(jī)器人。因此，第四段是通過分析原因（analyzecauses）展開的。故選B。28．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.(對社交機(jī)器人的研究表明，處于互動前沿的機(jī)器可以對情緒做出反應(yīng)，并在情感上照顧弱者、老人和兒童。)”，第三段“Theproblemwiththisisthefearthathumanjobsmaybelostasrobotsbecomebetterathandlingsocialsituations.(問題在于，隨著機(jī)器人變得更擅長處理社交場合，人們擔(dān)心人類的工作可能會失去。)”，第四段“Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeopleincaresituationswillgrowovertime.(人口趨勢表明，隨著時(shí)間的推移，對機(jī)器人與護(hù)理人員一起工作的需求將會增長。)”可知，機(jī)器人在護(hù)理工作中會越來越多，呈增長趨勢；以及最后一段“Butnewmodelsarebeingintroducedthatcouldmakethebreakthrough.Humanemotionsaredifficulttodefine,butastrustinrobotsincreases,breakingdownthepsychologicalbarrierbecomeseasiertoimagine.(但可能會取得突破的新型號正在推出。人類的情感很難定義，但隨著對機(jī)器人信任的增加，打破心理障礙變得更容易想象。)”可知，關(guān)于機(jī)器人取代人類來工作，因?yàn)槟苋〉猛黄频纳缃粰C(jī)器人新型號的推出，以及人們對機(jī)器人的信任的增加，打破心理障礙也變得更有可能，作者對于社交機(jī)器人取代護(hù)理人員這一前景抱有期待，認(rèn)為“機(jī)器人取代人類來做護(hù)理工作”有益且不可阻擋。故選D。H（2023·江蘇·模擬預(yù)測）TheMacDowellColonyisoneoftheoldestandbestknownartistcoloniesinthecountry,locatedon450acresintheMonadnockRegionofNewHampshire.MacDowell’smission(使命)istonurturetheartsbyofferingtalentedindividualsaninspiringresidentialenvironmenttoproduceenduringworksofcreativeimagination.MacDowell’soperationsarefundedbyfoundations,corporationsandindividuals.Writers,composers,photographers,filmmakersandsculptors—bothfamousandunknown—competeforthe32freestudiosattheplace.Onceaccepted,anartistcanstayforasshortasacoupleofweeks,oraslongasacoupleofmonths.Whentheyarrive,artistsfindakindofisolation(隔絕)hardtofindinourworld.There’snophone.Nofax.Nofriends.Nofamily.It’sjustacabininthesnowywoods.WriterEmilyRaboteaulivesinNewYorkCity.ShecametoMacDowelltoworkonanovel.Shereceivedadesk,chairs,pencilandpaper.Anothercolonyresident,BelfastcomposerElaineAgnew,playsapiececalledToa學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

17WildRose,writtenbyEdwardMacDowell.Shesaysit’ssofamousthateverypianistintheworldhasplayedthetune.Ahundredyearsago,MacDowellownedthelandwherethecolonynosits.Helikeditsisolationandhisabilitytogetworkdonethere.Afterhisdeath,hiswife,Marion,encouragedotherartiststocome.Andforthelastcentury,artistshaveacceptedtheinvitation,comingtostepoutsideoftheirdailylivesforashorttime.Privacyisrespected,butcooperationanddiscussioniscommon.ScreenwriterKitCarson—whowroteTerasChainsawMassacre2andthefilmadaptationofSamShepberd’splayParis,Terus-hasvisitedMacDowelltwice.Hesaysthattheinterdisciplinary(學(xué)科間的)discussionthereisvaluable.“Yousitaroundatdinner,talking,andthensomebodyrunsoffandbringsyoubacksomestuffandshowsittoyou,”hesays.“That,Ididn’trealize,waspartofthemagicherebecausepeoplearereallyopentoshowtheiropinions.”29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nurture”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Teach.B．Support.C．Protect.D．Study.30．WhatcanweinferabouttheMacDowell?A．Itisopenonlytofamousartists.B．Thenumberofstudiosischangeable.C．Itprovidesfaxandsomedailynecessities.D．It’sspecialanddifferentfromeverydayplaces.31．WhatdoesKitCarsonagreewith?A．Privacyisimportantforeveryone.B．Isolationcanimprovehisspeakingability.C．Sharingdifferentideasisvaluable.D．Writingbehindcloseddoorsisunnecessary.32．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext!A．LonelyCreationB．TheValueoftheArtC．TheWorldforArtistsD．TheFashionofIsolation【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了麥克道爾藝術(shù)村，很多藝術(shù)家競相到此，創(chuàng)作的靈感在寂寥無人處進(jìn)發(fā)。29．B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“MacDowell’smission(使命)istonurturetheartsbyofferingtalented學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

18individualsaninspiringresidentialenvironmenttoproduceenduringworksofcreativeimagination.(麥克道爾的使命是nurture藝術(shù)，為有才華的人提供一個(gè)鼓舞人心的居住環(huán)境，以創(chuàng)作出具有創(chuàng)造性想象力的持久作品。)”可知，nurture是動詞，是通過為有才華的人提供一個(gè)鼓舞人心的居住環(huán)境去達(dá)到想要的藝術(shù)效果，所以是支持藝術(shù)，與選項(xiàng)B的意思一致。故選B。30．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whentheyarrive,artistsfindakindofisolation(隔絕)hardtofindinourworld.There’snophone.Nofax.Nofriends.Nofamily.It’sjustacabininthesnowywoods.(當(dāng)他們到達(dá)時(shí)，藝術(shù)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種在我們的世界里很難找到的隔絕。沒有電話。沒有傳真。沒有朋友。沒有家人。這只是雪林中的小屋。)”可知，MacDowell是一個(gè)與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界不同的地方。故選D。31．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Hesaysthattheinterdsciplinary(學(xué)科間的)discussionthereisvaluable.(他說，那里的跨學(xué)科討論是有價(jià)值的。)”可知，KitCarsom認(rèn)為不同思想的碰撞是很有價(jià)值的。故選C。32．C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheMacDowellColonyisoneoftheoldestandbestknownartistcoloniesinthecountry,locatedon450acresintheMonadnockRegionofNewHampshire.MacDowell’smission(使命)istonurturetheartsbyofferingtalentedindividualsaninspiringresidentialenvironmenttoproduceenduringworksofcreativeimagination.(麥克道爾殖民地是美國最古老、最著名的藝術(shù)家殖民地之一，位于新罕布什爾州莫納德諾克地區(qū)，占地450英畝。麥克道爾的使命是培養(yǎng)藝術(shù)，為有才華的人提供一個(gè)鼓舞人心的居住環(huán)境，以創(chuàng)作出具有創(chuàng)造性想象力的持久作品。)”可知，文章介紹了麥克道爾藝術(shù)村，很多藝術(shù)家競相到此，創(chuàng)作的靈感在寂寥無人處進(jìn)發(fā)，C項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)家的世界”符合文意。故選C。I（2022·北京·人大附中?？既＃㊣sthereamagiccutoffperiodwhenchildrenbecomeresponsiblefortheirownactions?Isthereawonderfulmomentwhenparentscanbecomespectatorsinthelivesoftheirchildrenandshrug,“It’stheirlife,”andfeelnothing?WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitches(縫線)inmyson’shead.Iasked,“Whendoyoustopworry?”Thenursesaid,“Whentheygetoutoftheaccidentstage.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.Asiftoreadmymind,ateachersaid.“Don’tworry,theyallgothroughthisstageandthenyoucansitback,relaxandenjoythem.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefront學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

19doortoopen.Afriendsaid,“They’retryingtofindthemselves.Don’tworry,inafewyears,youcanstopworrying.They’lladults.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren,buttherewasanewwrinkle,therewasnothingIcoulddoaboutit.Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.Icontinuedtosufferfromtheirfailures,andbeabsorbedintheirdisappointments.Myfriendssaidthatwhenmykidsgotmarried,Icouldstopworryingandleadmyownlife.Iwantedtobelievethat,butIwashauntedbymymother’swarmsmileandheroccasional“Youlookpale.Areyouallright?Callmetheminuteyougethome.Areyoudepressedaboutsomething?”Canitbethatparentsaresentencedtoalifetimeofworry?Oneofmychildrentelephonedmelastmonth,saying,“Wherewereyou?I’vebeencallingforthreedays,andnooneanswered.Iwasworried.”Ismiledawarmsmile.33．Theauthorintendstotellusinthepassagethat________.A．parentslongforaperiodwhentheynolongerworryabouttheirchildrenB．thereisnotimewhenparentshavenoworryabouttheirchildrenC．it’sparents’dutytoworryabouttheirchildrenD．parentsdon’thavetoworrytheirchildren34．Theauthormentionedheragesoftwenties,thirties,fortiesandfiftyinordertoshow________.A．thehardtimessheexperiencedinherlifeB．thedifferentstagesofherchildrenC．shehadbeenworryingaboutherchildreninherlifeD．thesupportshereceivedfromhermother35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence“Ismiledawarmsmile”?A．Finallythemotherdidn’thavetoworryaboutherchildren.B．Themotherwaspleasedthatherchildbegantoworryabouther,too.C．Atlastthemothercouldliveherownlifewithoutworry.D．Themotherfeltsatisfiedthatshehadsucceededinturningherchildrenintoadults.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。以一名家長的視角闡述了一個(gè)道理：只要是家長都會關(guān)心和擔(dān)心自己的孩子。33．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開頭“Isthereamagiccutoffperiodwhenchildrenbecomeresponsiblefor學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

20theirownactions?”(有沒有一個(gè)神奇的截止期，讓孩子們對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)？)以及根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitchesinmyson’shead.”(當(dāng)我二十歲的時(shí)候，我站在醫(yī)院的通道里，等著醫(yī)生給我兒子的頭上縫幾針。)；和第三段中“WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.”(30多歲的時(shí)候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，聽到我的一個(gè)孩子不停地說話，擾亂了課堂。)；以及第四段中“WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.”(在我四十多歲的時(shí)候，我花了一輩子的時(shí)間等著電話鈴響，等著車開回家，等著前門打開。)根據(jù)第五段“BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren”（到我50歲的時(shí)候，我生病了，身體虛弱。我還在擔(dān)心我的孩子們）可知，作者身為家長，在每個(gè)年齡段都會對孩子時(shí)時(shí)牽掛。故選B。34．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitchesinmyson’shead.”(當(dāng)我二十歲的時(shí)候，我站在醫(yī)院的通道里，等著醫(yī)生給我兒子的頭上縫幾針。)；和第三段中“WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.”(30多歲的時(shí)候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，聽到我的一個(gè)孩子不停地說話，擾亂了課堂。)；以及第四段中“WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.”(在我四十多歲的時(shí)候，我花了一輩子的時(shí)間等著電話鈴響，等著車開回家，等著前門打開。)，根據(jù)第五段“BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren”（到我50歲的時(shí)候，我生病了，身體虛弱。我還在擔(dān)心我的孩子們）可知作者在提及各個(gè)年齡階段，是為了說明無論孩子年齡多大，任何家長對子女的擔(dān)心和關(guān)心都是始終如一的。C項(xiàng)與此符合，也與本文的主旨：每個(gè)家長都會關(guān)心和擔(dān)心自己的孩子，相符。故選C。35．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Oneofmychildrentelephonedmelastmonth,saying,Wherewereyou?I’vebeencallingforthreedays,andnooneanswered.Iwasworried.”(上個(gè)月，我的一個(gè)孩子打電話問我：“你在哪里？”我打了三天電話，沒人接，我是很擔(dān)心的。)可知，作者的孩子開始關(guān)心和擔(dān)心作者了，作者覺到孩子們懂事了長大了，因此很開心。故選B。J（2023·重慶·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Let’sfaceit—mostofuscan’tresistacupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’reaperfectpick-me-upandcomforter.Buttherearealternativedrinks,sowhyhavewechosentheseasourgo-todrinkstosootheourbusylives?Andwhichoneissuperior?學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

21Let’sstartwithtea-it’sthesecondmostconsumeddrinkintheworld.Formany-especiallytheBritish-havinga“cuppa”isadailypractice.Thecaffeinecontainedinithelpswakeyouupinthemorning,andthroughoutthedaywe’llmakeabrewtodistractusfromourwork.Andaccordingtosomescientists,habitualteaconsumptioncanhavesomehealthbenefits.AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon’sDepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,toldBBCFoodthatdrinkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedonotknowwhatingredientsofteawereresponsiblefortheseeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.Coffeeistea’s＂trendier＂rival(對手).Itspopularityhasgrownovertheyears,andthisisreflectedinthenumberofcoffeeshopsweseearound-placestohangout,dobusinessorcatchupwithfriends.Coffeecantastegreatandcanbeservedinmanyways,butit’ssometimeshowyouhaveitthatcanbeseenasastatussymbolorthepreserveofhipsters(潮人)IOfcourse,itgivesyouastrongcaffeinehit-roughlydoubleofthatcontainedintea.However,toomuchcanleadtoanxiety.SleepscientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorativedeepsleepyouhave.Butsomescientistssaydrinkingcoffee-andgreentea-canalsobegoodforus.ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrinkingadailycupofcoffeewithalowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreenteawasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeathamongbothheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifestylechoice,itcouldbealifesaver!36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soothe“inParagraph1mean?A．Change.B．Relieve.C．Describe.D．Copy-37．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that____.A．teaisthemostconsumeddrinkintheworldB．thecaffeineinteacancurepeopleofillnessC．teahelpspromoteourcareersandfriendshipD．theingredientsofteahelppeopleforgettrouble38．WhichofthefollowingmayMattWalkeragreewith?A．Toomuchcoffeeisnotgoodforsleep.B．Blackteaspeedsuprecoveryfromthedailystresses.學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

22C．Coffeeissurelymorepopularthantea.D．Drinkingadailycupofcoffeeguaranteesalonglife.39．Inwhichsectioncanyoureadthepassageonamagazinewebsite?A．Technology.B．Entertainment.C．Business.D．Health.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了茶和咖啡深受人們喜愛，并簡單說明了喝茶或咖啡的好處。36．B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Let’sfaceit—mostofuscan’tresistacupofteaorcoffeesometimes.They’reaperfectpick-me-upandcomforter(讓我們認(rèn)清現(xiàn)實(shí)吧——大多數(shù)人有時(shí)都無法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它們是一種完美的鼓舞和安慰)”可知茶和咖啡有提神、安慰的作用，結(jié)合劃線單詞后的“ourbusylives”可知茶和咖啡能緩解我們忙碌的生活，由此可知?jiǎng)澗€詞詞義為“緩解”，故選B。37．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AndrewSteptoe,aprofessorfromUniversityCollegeLondon’sDepartmentofEpidemiologyandPublicHealth,toldBBCFoodthatdrinkingblacktea“mayspeeduprecoveryfromthedailystressesinlife...butwedonotknowwhatingredientsofteawereresponsiblefortheseeffectsonstressrecoveryandrelaxation”.(倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院流行病學(xué)和公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)系教授AndrewSteptoe告訴BBC食品頻道說，喝紅茶“可以加快從日常生活壓力中恢復(fù)過來……但我們不知道茶中的哪些成分對壓力恢復(fù)和放松有這些效果?！?”可知，茶里的某些成分有減輕壓力、放松的效果，即讓人們暫時(shí)忘記讓他們煩惱的事情。故選D。38．A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“However,toomuchcanleadtoanxiety.SleepscientistMattWalkertoldtheBBCthatcaffeinecandecreasetheamountofrestorativedeepsleepyouhave.(然而，過多會導(dǎo)致焦慮。睡眠科學(xué)家MattWalker告訴BBC，咖啡因會減少讓人恢復(fù)精力的深度睡眠。)”可知過度地飲用咖啡不利于睡眠。故選A。39．D【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“ResearchersatOsakaUniversitylinkeddrinkingadailycupofcoffeewithalowerriskofdeathamongbothstrokesurvivorsandhealthypeople,whiledrinkingsevenormorecupsofgreenteawasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeathamongbothheartattackandstrokesurvivors.So,whetherweturntocoffeeorteaforitstaste,itsimageorasalifestylechoice,itcouldbealifesaver!(大阪大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中風(fēng)幸存者和健康人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低，而在心臟病發(fā)作和中風(fēng)幸存者中，喝七杯或更多綠茶的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低。所以，無論我們選擇咖啡還是茶是因?yàn)樗奈兜?、它的形象或作為一種生活方式的選擇，它都可能是我們的救命稻草！)”可知這篇文章主要告訴讀者喝茶或者咖啡對身體有好處。所以這篇文章取自于雜志的“健康”部分。故選D項(xiàng)。學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

23學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司

24學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司