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1、Chapter2MethodologicalFrameworksandSystemsEngineeringProcesses(方法論框架和系統(tǒng)工程過程)12019SYSTEMSENGINEERINGThereareanumberofframeworks（框架、體系）thatwemightusetocharacterize（描繪）systemsengineeringefforts.Wewilldescribesomeoftheminthischapter.Withoutasoundandwell-understoodproductline,orprocess,fortheacquis

2、itionorproductionoflargesystems,itisverylikelythattherewillbeanumberofflaws（缺點）intheresultingsystemitself.Thus,thedefinition,development,anddeployment（部署）ofanappropriate（恰當(dāng)?shù)模﹑rocess,orsetofprocesses,forsystemsproductionisveryimportant.8/29/202122019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONInthischapte

3、rwefirstdiscussthenatureofsystemsacquisition（收購）,production（生產(chǎn)）,procurement（采購）,ormanufacturing（制造業(yè)）.Wewillgenerally（通常）usethewordacquisitiontodescribeeachoftheseefforts.Assystemsengineers,weareprimarilyconcernedwiththefunctionalandphysicalarchitecturesthatleadtoimplementationarchitecturesandt

4、heresultingdetaileddesignofsystemsofalltypes.Designanddevelopmentisveryimportant,eventhoughtheacquisitionorproductionprocessalsodependsuponsuccessinthedefinitionanddeployment（部署）phasesofthelifecycle.Designanddevelopmentisacreativeprocessthroughwhichsystemproducts,presumedtoberesponsivetoclient

5、needsandrequirements,areconceptualizedorspecified,manufacturedorotherwiseproduced,andfieldedorimplementedinsuchawaythattheycanbemaintainedovertime.8/29/202132019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONTherearefourprimaryingredientsinourdefinitionofdesignanddevelopment,andtheyapplytosoftwaredesignaswe

6、llastothedesignofhardwareandphysicalsystems.Developmentresultsfromspecifications（規(guī)格）orarchitectureforaproductorsystem.Developmentisacreativeprocess.Developmentactivityincludesdesigneffort,whichisconceptualinnature.Asuccessfuldesignanddevelopmentmustbebroadlyresponsivetoclientneedsandrequiremen

7、ts.8/29/202142019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONGoodsystemsengineeringpractice（實踐）requiresthatthesystemsengineerberesponsivetoeachofthesefouringredientsforqualitydesignanddevelopmentefforts.Thefinalingredientrequiresasetofneedsandrequ