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1、虛擬語氣一、概念表示與事實相反或根本不可能實現(xiàn)的事情(即非真實)二、虛擬語氣在if條件狀語從句中的用法(一)、真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句條件句可分為兩類,一類為真實條件句,一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設或實際可能性不大的情況,故采用虛擬語氣。Ifhedoesn’thurryup,hewillmissthebus.如果他不快點,他將錯過巴士。(真實)Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.如果他是空閑的,他會要求我講故事。(真實)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.如果
2、我是你,我馬上就會去。(非真實,虛擬語氣)Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.如果沒有空氣,人就會死亡。(非真實,虛擬語氣)(二)、虛擬語氣在非真實條件從句中的用法及動詞形式從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If+主語+did(be動詞were)主語+should/would/could/might+do與過去事實相反If+主語+haddone主語+should/would/could/might+havedone與將來事實相反1.If+主語+did2.If+主語+wereto3.If+主語+should主語+should
3、/would/could/might+do例句輔助1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況:例:1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你,我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是你)2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的電話號碼,我就會告訴你。(事實:不知道)3.Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.如果沒有水和空氣,地球上就不會有生物。(事實:地球上既有空氣也有水)2、表示與過去
4、事實相反的情況例:1.IfIhadgottenthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.如果我早到那兒,我就會見到她。(事實:去晚了)2.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他聽我的勸告的話,就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。(事實:沒有聽我的話)3、表示對將來情況的主觀推測,與將來事實相反例:1.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Ishould/wouldtalktohim.如果他哪天來這兒的話,我就跟他談談。(事實:來的可能
5、性很?。?.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.如果下周日下大雪,我們就不能去滑冰了。(事實:不知能否下雪)3.IfsheweretobetherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.如果她下周一來這兒的話,我就會告訴她這件事的始末。(事實:她下周一來的可能性很小)IfI______(be)abird,I___________(fly)inthebluesky.IfI_________(find)apurse,I_________
6、_(give)ittothepolice.Ifyou_______(have)somethingimportant,you_________(cango)now.Ifhe________(have)notime,let’saskTominstead.Ifshe________(come),pleasetellme.IfI________(be)you,I__________(choose)thisone.1、_________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.H
7、adthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen2、Ifhe_________metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable3、Ifyouaskedyourfatheryou_________permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget4、You_____sucha
8、seriousmistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.A.maynotmakeB.mightnotmakeC.shouldn’thavemadeD.mightnoth