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1、低軌衛(wèi)星增強(qiáng)BDS衛(wèi)星定軌技術(shù)探討王樂燕興元張勤黃觀文秦志偉長安大學(xué)地質(zhì)工程與測繪學(xué)院摘要：針對BDS的GEO衛(wèi)星與地面監(jiān)測站的幾何構(gòu)型變化緩慢，導(dǎo)致其站星幾何結(jié)構(gòu)較差、定軌精度較低，以及中國區(qū)域地面監(jiān)測站難以對BDSIGSO和MEO衛(wèi)星形成連續(xù)多重覆蓋觀測，導(dǎo)致有效觀測弧段較短、相對于基于全球地面監(jiān)測站的定軌精度低、影響B(tài)DS廣播星歷的服務(wù)性能等問題，探討一種將載有星載GNSS接收機(jī)的低軌衛(wèi)星作為BDS衛(wèi)星精密定軌的高動態(tài)監(jiān)測站，聯(lián)合BDS地面監(jiān)測站數(shù)據(jù),同時解算BDS衛(wèi)星軌道和鐘差以及低軌衛(wèi)星軌道等參數(shù)的技術(shù)。實驗結(jié)果證明該技術(shù)可極大改善測站與衛(wèi)星的空間

2、幾何構(gòu)型，增加有效觀測弧長，實現(xiàn)多重覆蓋觀測，進(jìn)而提高BDS3種類型衛(wèi)星軌道的確定精度，提升BDS的服務(wù)性能。關(guān)鍵詞：北斗系統(tǒng);低軌衛(wèi)星;地面監(jiān)測站;精密定軌;廣播星歷;作者簡介：王樂（1986—）,男，山東蓬萊人，博士研究生，研究方向為衛(wèi)星精密定軌。作者簡介：張勤（1958-）,女，陜西西安人，博士，教授，研究方向為GNSS數(shù)據(jù)處理等。收稿日期：2017-03-27基金：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目（41304033,41674001）DiscussionontechnologyofBDSsatelliteorbitdeterminationenhancedbyL

3、EOsatellitesWANGLeYANXingyuanZHANGQinHUANGGuanwenQINZhiweiCollegeofGeologicalEngineeringandGeoma/tics,Chang'anUniversity;Abstract：AimingattheproblemsthatgeometricconfigurationbetweenBDSGEOsatellitesandgroundmonitoringstationschangesslowly,resultinginpoorgeometricstructureandloworbi

4、tingaccuracyofGEO,anditisdifficuItfortheregionalgroundmonitoringstationsinChinatoobservetheBDSIGSOandMEOsatellitescontinuously,leadingtoshortereffeetivcobservationarcandlowerorbitingprecision,comparingwiththeorbitdeterminationbasedonglobalgroundmonitoringstations,whichimpactstheser

5、viceperformanceofBDSbroadcastephemeris,thepaperdiscussedatechnologythattheLEOsatel1iteswithspeiceborneGNSSrecieverswereusedashighdynamicmonitoringstationsforthepreciseorbitingofBDS,combiningwithgroundregionalmonitoringstationstocalculateBDSsatelliteorbitandclockerrorsandLEOsatellit

6、eorbitparametersandsoonatthesametime.Experimentalresultshowedthatthetechnologycouldgreatlyimprovethespatialgeometricalstructurebetweenthestationsandsatcllitcs，increasetheeffeetivcobservationarclength，achieveoverlappingcoverageobservation,andthenenhancethedeterminationaccuracyofthet

7、hreetypesofBDSorbitsandfinallypromotetheperformanceofBDSservice.Keyword：BDS;LEO;groundmonitoringstations;preciseorbiting;broodcastephemeris;Received：2017-03-27o引言北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(BeiDounavigationsatellitesystem,BDS)是我國自主開發(fā)、獨立運行的全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(globalnavigationsatellitesystem,GNSS),可為全球或區(qū)域不同需求的用戶提

8、供定位導(dǎo)航授時(positioningnavigat