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1、風力機windturbine風電場windpowerstation????????????windfarm風力發(fā)電機組windturbinegeneratorsystemWTGS水平軸風力機horizontalaxiswindturbine垂直軸風力機verticalaxiswindturbine輪轂（風力機）hub(forwindturbine)機艙nacelle支撐結構supportstructureforwindturbine關機shutdown??forwindturbine正常關機normalshutdownforwindturbine緊急

2、關機emergencyshutdownforwindturbine空轉idling鎖定blocking停機parking靜止standstill制動器brake停機制動parkingbrake風輪轉速rotorspeed控制系統(tǒng)controlsystem保護系統(tǒng)protectionsystem偏航y(tǒng)awing設計和安全參數(shù)designsituation設計工況designsituation載荷狀況loadcase外部條件externalconditions設計極限designlimits極限狀態(tài)limitstate使用極限狀態(tài)serviceabili

3、tylimitstates極限限制狀態(tài)ultimatelimitstate最大極限狀態(tài)ultimatelimitstate安全壽命safelife嚴重故障??catastrophicfailure潛伏故障latentfaultdormantfailure風特性風速windspeed風矢量windvelocity旋轉采樣風矢量rotationallysampledwindvelocity額定風速ratedwindspeed切入風速cut-inspeed切出風速cut-outspeed年平均annualaverage年平均風速annualaveragew

4、indspeed平均風速meanwindspeed極端風速extremewindspeed安全風速survivalwindspeed參考風速referencewindspeed風速分布windspeeddistribution瑞利分布RayLeighdistribution威布爾分布Weibulldistribution風切變windshear風廓線風切變律windprofilewindshearlaw風切變指數(shù)windshearexponent對數(shù)風切變律logarithmicwindshearlaw風切變冪律powerlawforwindshea

5、r下風向downwind上風向upwind陣風gust粗糙長度roughnesslength湍流強度turbulenceintensity湍流尺度參數(shù)turbulencescaleparameter湍流慣性負區(qū)inertialsub-range風場windsite測量參數(shù)measurementparameters測量位置measurementseat最大風速maximumwindspeed風功率密度windpowerdensity風能密度windenergydensity日變化diurnalvariation年變化annualvariation輪轂高

6、度hubheight風能windenergy標準大氣狀態(tài)standardatmosphericstate風切變影響influencebythewindshear陣風影響gustinfluence風速頻率frequencyofwindspeed環(huán)境environment工作環(huán)境operationalenvironment氣候climate海洋性氣候oceanclimate大陸性氣候continentalclimate露天氣候open-airclimate室內氣候indoorclimate極端extreme日平均值dailymean極端最高extreme

7、maximum年最高annualmaximum年最高日平均溫度annualextremedailymeanoftemperature月平均溫度meanmonthlytemperature空氣濕度airhumidity絕對濕度absolutehumidity相對濕度relativehumidity降水precipitation雨rain凍雨freezingrain霜淞rime雨淞glaze冰雹hail露dew霧fog鹽霧saltfog雷暴thunderstorm雪載snowload標準大氣壓standardairpressure平均海平面meansea

8、level海拔altitude輻射通量radiantflux太陽輻射solarradiation直接太陽輻射