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1、SendOrdersforReprintstoreprints@benthamscience.aeCurrentDrugTargets,2015,16,199-208199IntestinalMicrobiota:ARegulatorofIntestinalInflammationandCardiacIschemia?1,2,*345MohammadBashashati,HamidR.Habibi,AliKeshavarzian,MaxSchmulsonand1KeithA.Sharkey1HotchkissBrainInstituteandSnyder

2、InstituteforChronicDiseases,DepartmentofPhysiology&2Pharmacology,UniversityofCalgary,Calgary,AB,Canada;DepartmentofInternalMedicine,TexasTechUniversity,HealthSciencesCenter,PaulL.FosterSchoolofMedicine,ElPaso,TX,USA;3LibinCardiovascularInstitute,DepartmentofCardiacSciences,Univer

3、sityofCalgary,Calgary,AB,4Canada;DivisionofDigestiveDiseasesandNutrition,RushUniversityMedicalCenter,Chicago,IL,USA;DivisionofPharmacology,UtrechtInstituteforPharmaceuticalSciences,FacultyofScience,5UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,Netherlands;LaboratoriodeHígado,PáncreasyMotilidad(HIPA

4、M),UnidaddeInvestigaciónenMedicinaExperimental,FacultaddeMedicina-UniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico(UNAM),HospitalGeneraldeMéxico,MéxicoD.F.,MéxicoAbstract:Inflammatoryboweldiseases(IBD)arechronic,relapsingandremittinggastrointestinal(GI)disordersofun-knownetiology.IBDpatientsc

5、ommonlyexhibitextra-intestinalmanifestationsandcomplicationsofaninflammatoryna-ture,presentingwithdisorderssuchasankylosingspondylitis,uveitisandvasculitis.AlthoughthemetabolicsyndromeislessprevalentinpatientswithIBD,theyareatanincreasedriskforatherosclerosisandcardiovasculareven

6、ts.Consider-ableevidencesupportstheroleofGImicrobiotainthedevelopmentofIBD.Recentstudieshavealsoshownasignificantinteractionbetweenthemetabolitesofgutmicrobiotaandthedevelopmentofcardiovasculardisease.Herewehypothe-sizethatdysbiosisand/orabnormalitiesinthefunctionoftheintestinalm

7、icrobiotapromotecardiovasculardiseaseinIBDpatients,explainingtheincreasedriskofcardiovasculareventsinthesepatients.Keywords:Coronaryarterydisease,gastrointestinalinflammation,inflammatoryboweldisease,microbiota,trimethylamineN-oxide.INTRODUCTIONoccurfrequently[6,7].Someofthekeyex

8、tra-intestinalcomplicationsofIBDarevascu