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1、UnitedStatesGeneralAccountingOfficeWashington,DC20548January15,2003TheHonorableRichardJ.DurbinUnitedStatesSenateSubject:YouthIllicitDrugUsePrevention:DARELong-TermEvaluationsandFederalEffortstoIdentifyEffectiveProgramsDearSenatorDurbin:Theuseofillicitdrugs,particularlymarijuana,isaproblema

2、mongournation’syouth.Theadverseeffectsofillicitdruguseplayaroleinschoolfailure,violence,1andantisocialandself-destructivebehavior.Arecentnationalsurveyshowedthatfor1996through2002,morethan30percentoftenthandtwelfthgradestudentsreportedusingmarijuanainthepastyear.Further,about20percentofhig

3、hschoolseniorsreportedusingmarijuanawithinthepast30days.Infiscalyear2000,thefederalgovernmentspentover$2.1billiononillicitdrugusepreventionactivitiesforyouth,accordingtotheOfficeofNationalDrugControlPolicy(ONDCP).Manyprogramsaredesignedtohelppreventandreduceillicitdruguseamongyouth.Often,t

4、heseprogramsalsoaddresstheuseofothersubstances,suchasalcoholandtobacco.Youthdrugabusepreventionprogramsareimplementedinschool,family,andcommunitysettings.School-basedpreventionprogramsarethemostprevalentbecauseschoolsprovideeasyaccesstochildrenandadolescents.Themostwidelyusedschool-basedsu

5、bstanceabusepreventionprogramintheUnitedStatesisthe2DrugAbuseResistanceEducation(DARE)program,whichisfundedbyavarietyofsources,includingprivate,federal,andotherpublicentities.DARE’sprimarymissionistoprovidechildrenwiththeinformationandskillstheyneedtolivedrug-andviolence-freelivesthroughpr

6、ogramsattheelementaryschool,middleschool,andhighschoollevels.TheDAREprogramisusuallyintroducedtochildreninthefifthorsixthgrade.Accordingtoresearchliterature,concernshavebeenraisedabouttheeffectivenessoftheDAREfifthandsixthgradecurriculuminpreventingillicitdruguseamongyouth.Asagreedwithyour

7、staff,thisreportcontainsinformationyourequestedon(1)theresultsofevaluationsonthelong-termeffectivenessofthe1LloydD.Johnston,PatrickM.O’Malley,andJeraldG.Bachman,MonitoringtheFutureNationalResultsonAdolescentDrugUse:OverviewofKeyFindings,2001,NIHPublicationNo.0