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1、天津大學(xué)2008屆外國語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)專業(yè)研究生畢業(yè)論文Chapter1IntroductionLanguageisabodyofwordsandthesystemfortheirusecommontoapeoplewhoareofthesamecommunityorculturaltradition.(RandomHouseDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage)Thereisacloserelationshipbetweentranslationandculturejustasitisbetweenlanguageandculture.Sincethe

2、1980softhelastcentury,anemergingtheoryofculturalvaluereferredtoastheculturalperspectiveintranslationhasgraduallybecomeoneofthefocusesinthefieldoftranslationresearch.Culturalimagesaremostlyincarnationofnationalwisdomandthecreamofhistoricalculture.Differentnationsproducetheirownpeculiarcultural

3、imagesduetodifferencesoflivingsurroundings,culturaltraditionsandotherfactors.Quitealotoftheseimageshavecloserelationshipswithlegendsandtotemism.“Inthelonghistoricalyears,theyappearedinpeople’slanguage,literaryworks,idioms,proverbsandsoon.Theyformeddifferentkindsofculturalsymbolswithfixedandun

4、iqueculturalconnotationsandsomeofthemcreatedrichandfar-reachingassociations.”(XieTianzhen,1999)Alongwithmoreandmoreinternationalculturecommunication,manymorescholarstransfertheireyesfromtranslationonthepurelanguageleveltoprocessingculturalfactors.Theydealwithculturalimagesfromtheperspectiveso

5、ftranslatingskills,psycholinguistics,culturecomparison,foreignizationanddomestication,amongwhichtheviewsonforeignizationanddomesticationhaveevokedaheatedcontroversy.1.1DefinitionofCultureandImages1.1.1DefinitionofCultureOneoftheearliestdefinitionsofculturewasgivenbyB.Tyler,aBritishanthropolog

6、ist,inhisPrimitiveCultures(1871:1)，hedefinedcultureas“that60天津大學(xué)2008屆外國語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)專業(yè)研究生畢業(yè)論文complexwholewhichincludesknowledge，belief，art，law，morals，customsandanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety”.ItcanbeseenthatTyler’sdefinitionstressedthespiritualpartofculture，butneglec

7、teditsmaterialbasiswithoutwhichcultureisanimpossibility.Historicalmaterialismholdsthatcultureis，inabroadsense，thesumtotalofbothmaterialandspiritualwealthcreatedbymaninthedevelopmentofhumansociety,andbasedonsocialmaterialproduction，cultureisno