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1、摘要ZigBee技術是最近幾年發(fā)展起來的低復雜度、低功耗、低數(shù)據(jù)速率、低成本、易應用的近距離雙向無線通信技術,可應用于工業(yè)控制、醫(yī)療監(jiān)護、交通監(jiān)管、智能家居等場合。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡就是由部署在監(jiān)測區(qū)內(nèi)的大量微型傳感器節(jié)點通過無線電通信形成的一個多跳的自組織網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng),其目的是協(xié)作感知、采集和處理網(wǎng)絡覆蓋區(qū)域里被監(jiān)測對象的信息,并發(fā)送給觀察者。本文主要介紹基于ZigBee技術的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡技術應用于橋梁檢測系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)是在列車按正常速度通過橋梁時,在不會使行車和設備增加任何限制條件的情況下,對橋梁的動載性能進行監(jiān)測的便攜式儀器
2、。設計內(nèi)容包括三個數(shù)據(jù)采集站——速度測量裝置、豎向撓度測量裝置和橫向位移、橫向位移加速度采集裝置的硬件設計、軟件設計以及ZigBee無線傳輸方案設計。通過對幾種無線傳輸技術的比較,得出利用ZigBee技術實現(xiàn)無線傳輸是最合理、經(jīng)濟的通信方案,最終采用ZigBee技術實現(xiàn)低成本、低功耗的無線數(shù)據(jù)通信。通過進行ZigBee無線組網(wǎng)的測試以及檢測系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場試驗,并對試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,結果表明:該系統(tǒng)完全滿足設計要求,可以準確地對列車運行速度、跨中豎向撓度、橫向振動加速度進行測量,測量所得數(shù)據(jù)通過ZigBee無線通訊技術傳輸?shù)街行?/p>
3、采集站或筆記本電腦,進行時域分析和頻域分析,最終給出橋梁結構變化的判定和橫向剛度指標的判定,從而有效地保證了橋梁監(jiān)測的實時性和準確性。關鍵詞:ZigBee;無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡技術;檢測系統(tǒng)AbstractZigBeeisakindoflow—complexity,lowpowerconsumption,low-data-rate,low-cost,easilyappliedshort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology.ItcanbeusedinIndustrialControl,Medi
4、calWardship,TrafficControl,IntelligentHomeandSOon.WirelessseIlsornetwork,whichmadeupoflotsmicrosensornodesdeployedinthemonitoringarea,isconstitutedamultihoppath,self-organizingnetworksystembyradio—communication.Itisusedtocooperatewithaperceiving,gatheringanddealin
5、gwithdataofthedetectedobjectinnetworkarea,andthensendtheinformationtotheobserver.Thisthesismainlydiscussestheapplicationofwirelesss肌sornetworkbasedonZig,Beeinthedetectingsystemofbridges.Thesystemisaportabletypeinstrumenttomonitortheperformanceofbridges’dynamicload
6、withomincreasinganylimitingconditiontothetravelingcranesorequipmentswhentlleyarenmningthroughthebridges.Thedetaileddesignofthedetectingsystemcontainsthehardwareandsoftwaredesignofthreedatacollectionstations----measuringinstallationofspeed,measuringinstallationofve
7、rticaldeflectionandmeasuringinstallationoflateraldisplacementandacceleration,realizationofwirelesstransmissionbasedonZigBee.ThroughcomparingZigBeewitllotherwirelesstechnologiesinthisdesignproposal,itisconfirmedthatZigBeewillbethemostreasonableandeconomicalcommunic
8、ations,torealizewirelessdatacommunicationwithlowcost,lowpowerconsumption.ItCanbeconcludedfromtheanalyzingdataofthetestforthewirelessnetworkdeploymentbas