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1、66Book14/2/0611:20amPagexiiThispageintentionallyleftblank66Book14/2/0611:20amPageiProkaryoticdiversity:mechanismsandsigni?canceThetrueextentofprokaryotediversity,encompassingthespectrumofvariabilityamongbacteria,remainsunknown.Earlydiscussionsonprokaryotediversitywerefrequentlydevotedtoster

2、ileargumentsabout‘howmuch?’or‘howmany?’.Increasingly,however,thefocusisturningtowardstryingtounderstandwhyprokaryotediversi?cationoccurs,itsunderlyingmechanisms,anditslikelyimpact.Thesigni?canceofsuchstudieshasabroadappeal,andthepopularscienti?cpressfrequentlyhighlightssuchtopicsastheemerge

3、nceofnewdiseases,theattributionofexistingdiseasestohithertounrealizedactionsofprokary-otes,andtheactivitiesofprokaryotesinkeyenvironmentalprocesses.Thedynamicnatureoftheprokaryoticworld,andcontinuingadvancesinthetechnologicaltoolsavailabletothis?eldofstudy,ensurethatthelateststoryillustrati

4、ngprokaryotediversityisneverfaraway.Thisbookwillappealtoawidevarietyofmicrobiologists.Itscoveragerangesfromstudiesofprokaryotesinspecializedenvironmentalnichestobroadexaminationsofpro-karyoteevolutionanddiversity,andthemechanismsunderlyingthem.Topicsinclude:bacteriaofthegastrointestinaltrac

5、t,unculturableorganismsinthemouthandinthesoil,thequestionofalinkbetweenchlamydiaandheartdisease,organismsfromextremeenvironments,thediversityofarchaeaandtheirphages,comparativegenomicsandtheemergenceofpathogens,spreadofgenomicislandsbetweenclinicalandenvironmentalorganisms,coregenes,minimal

6、genomesneededforlife,horizontalgenetransfer,genomicislandsandtheevolutionofcatabolicpathways,phenotypicinnovation,andpatternsandextentofbiodiversity.NiallA.LoganisProfessorofSystematicBacteriologyintheSchoolofLifeSciences,GlasgowCaledonianUniversity,UK.HilaryM.Lappin-ScottisProfessorofEnvir

7、onmentalMicrobiologyintheSchoolofBiosciences,UniversityofExeter,UK.PetraC.F.OystonisTeamLeaderinMolecularBacteriologyatDstlPortonDown,Salisbury,UK.66Book14/2/0611:20amPageiiSymposiaoftheSocietyforGeneralMicrobiologyManagingEditor:DrMelanieScour?eld,SGM,R