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1、ELECTRONICSABBREVIATIONSLISTNUMERALSSHAPESMATHEMATICALSYMBOLSUSEDINELECTRICALENGINEERINGANDELECTRONICSUSEFULINTERNETSITESTheinformationhasbeencompiledby:AlexanderKonstantinovDanielGeorgievDobromirKalchevFirganFeradovIvayloKolarovIvayloKolevKalinStoyanovKirilBoevMartinIvanovMihail

2、KostovMomchilAndonovNickolayBezhanovStelaAtanasovaStoyanStoyanovTihomirDobrevVelimiraPetrovaVictorMitevELECTRONICSABBREVIATIONSLISTAa–atto(prefixfor10-18)A–ampere(unitofelectricalcurrent)ac–alternatingcurrentACC–AffiliatedClubCoordinatorA/D–analog-to-digitalADC–analog-to-digitalc

3、onverterAF–audiofrequencyAFC–automaticfrequencycontrolAh–amperehourALC–automaticlevelcontrolAM–amplitudemodulationANT–antennaARQ–automaticrepeatrequestASCII–AmericanNationalStandardCodeforInformationInterchangeATV–amateurtelevisionAVC–automatedvolumecontrolAWG–Americanwiregaugeaz

4、-el–azimuth-elevationBbalun–balancedtounbalanced(transformer)BC–broadcastBCD–binary-codeddecimalBCI–broadcastinterferenceBd–baud(bit/sinsingle-channelbinarydatatransmission)BER–biterrorrateBFO–beatfrequencyoscillatorBit–binarydigitBPF–band-passfilterBT–batteryBW-bandwidthCc–centi

5、(prefixfor10-2)C–coulomb(quantityofelectriccharge);capacitorCB–CitizensBand(radio)CCTV–closed-circuittelevisionCCW–coherentCWccw–counterclockwiseCMOS–complementary-symmetrymetal-oxidesemiconductorcoax–coaxialcableCOR–carrier-operatedrelayCPU–centralprocessingunitCRT–cathode-raytu

6、becw–clockwiseCW–continuouswaveDDAC–digital-to-analogconverterD–diodeda–deca(prefixfor10-1)D/A–digital-to-analogDAC–digital-to-analogconverterdB–decibel(0.1bel)dBi–decibelsabove(orbelow)isotropicantennadc–directcurrentD-C–directconversiondeg–degreeDET–detectorDF–directionfinding;

7、directionfinderDPSK–differentialphase-shiftkeyingDS–directsequence(spreadspectrum);displayDSB–doublesidebandDTMF–dual-tonemultifrequencyDVM–digitalvoltmeterDX–longdistance;duplexEE–voltageECL–emitter–coupledlogicEHF–extremelyhighfrequency(30-300GHz)ELF–extremelylowfrequencyEMF–el

8、ectromotiveforceEMI–electromagneticinter