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1、【標(biāo)題】英語(yǔ)習(xí)得中的母語(yǔ)負(fù)遷移【作者】楊欣【關(guān)鍵詞】語(yǔ)言遷移；負(fù)遷移；英語(yǔ)習(xí)得?【指導(dǎo)老師】張海霞伍海英【專(zhuān)業(yè)】英語(yǔ)【正文】I.IntroductionItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatEnglishandChinesearetwodifferentlanguagesystemsbelongingtoIndo-EuropeanandSino-Tibetanlanguagefamilyrespectively.Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,anindividualalreadyknowshismothertongue,sothatthe

2、yhavebeenveryfamiliarwiththerulesofmotherlanguage.Inaddition,therearesimilaritiesinlanguagelearning.Therefore,whentheylearnanewlanguage,theytransferthoserulesintothesecondlanguageunconsciously,andthentransfersappear.?Transferis?“atermusedbypsychologistsintheiraccountsofthewayinwhichpresentlearning

3、isaffectedbypastlearning”.1Odlinhassuggestedthattransferistheinfluenceresultingfromthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviouslyandperhapsimperfectlyacquired?.2Insecondlanguagelearning,thisphenomenonisaverygeneralpsychologicalprocessthatofrelyingonpr

4、iorknowledgetofacilitatenewlearning.Forthefirstplace,beforelearningaforeignlanguage,theexperienceofthelearnerisacquiredandpreservedthroughhisnativelanguage,sotheseexperienceswillbeusedfortheforeignlanguagelearning.Forthesecond,thenativelanguageservesasatoolfortheforeignlanguagelearningandtheknowle

5、dgeandskillofthenativelanguagewillbetransferredtotheforeignlanguageunconsciously.Someofthenativelanguagestructuralknowledgemaybetransferredtothelearners’mentalstateunconsciously.Andthiswouldmakethelearnersproduceanincorrectsentence.ManyofChinesestudentshavealreadyacquiredsomeChinesebeforetheylearn

6、English,whichmakethemnaturallyusetheknowledgeofmotherlanguagetolearnEnglish.Asaresult,theinfluenceofmotherlanguageintheEnglishlearningisunavoidable.Sincethereareequivalents,similaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthenativeandtheforeignlanguageinlinguisticstructure,socialcultureandlogicthought,theformsoft

7、ransferduringtheprocessoflearningaredifferent,includingpositiveandnegativetransfer.Negativetransferhasbeingstudiedforalongtime,becauseitplaysanobviousroleinsecondlanguageacquisitioncomparedwithpositivetransfer.II